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MCQ-INTRO
  • Jef Marc Valencia

  • 問題数 86 • 2/20/2025

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    This is the segment in which the recovery of water and sodium chloride

    LOOP OF HENLE

  • 2

    These are cup like divisions of the renal pelvis

    CALYCES

  • 3

    Podocytes or also known as visceral epithelium which have an intertronic foot processes with finger like extension which is separated from each other for how many nanometers

    20-30

  • 4

    Uroscopy has been a part of the physician training in

    MIDDLE AGES

  • 5

    This decreases sodium reabsorption which increases water reabsorption

    VASOPRESSIN

  • 6

    This is where the filtrate goes after the glomerulus which structures around the glomerulus and anatomically continuous with the renal tubule

    BOWMAN'S CAPSULE

  • 7

    This is a response to the body's need of water in which promotes watery absorption in the dct and cd

    ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE

  • 8

    This is the overlying cortex area of the kidney

    RENAL LOBE

  • 9

    It is the capillary bed that surround the convulated tubules with function as the vascular supply

    PERITUBULAR CAPILLARY

  • 10

    This is the main functional unit of the kidney located mostly in the cortex which contains 1 to 1.5 million units per kidney

    NEPHRON

  • 11

    This is the hormone that responds to the body's need for sodium in which promotes reabsorption in the dct

    ALDOSTERONE

  • 12

    In 1627, He published a book about the credibility of urinalysis that inspired the passing of the first medical licensure laws in England

    THOMAS BRYANT

  • 13

    This is the filtration barrier which provides for the restriction main size discriminant barrier to protein passage

    BASEMENT MEMBRANE

  • 14

    Compose of 2 to 3 loops and begins at the juxtaglomerular apparatus with the macula densa

    DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

  • 15

    It is the segment of loop of henley with high mitochondrial enzymatic activity in the 2/3 of the distal basal layer

    THICK ASCENDING SEGMENT

  • 16

    He wrote a book on uroscopy in 5th century bc which explains water intake to urine

    HIPPOCRATES

  • 17

    Loop henley extend until the what region of kidney

    OUTER RENAL MEDULLA

  • 18

    Area of attachment through which the blood vessels pass into and out of the kidneys

    HILUS

  • 19

    It is a smooth muscle and the fenestrated endothelium which functions for contraction phagocytosis and pinocytosis

    MESANGIUM

  • 20

    False doctor that uses urine to predict future

    PISSE PROPHET

  • 21

    The pressure that forces substances like protein free filtrate from the glomerular capillaries into the bowman's capsule

    NET FILTRATION PRESSURE

  • 22

    Which of the three factors of net filtration pressure is the opposing pressure

    CAPSULAR HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, BLOOD COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE

  • 23

    Needs atp or energy for transport

    DIRECT ACTIVE

  • 24

    Time travel asset or the monosodium phosphate has the ability to titrate urine into what ph

    7.4

  • 25

    Moment of molecules across a membrane by diffusion because of a physical gradient

    PASSIVE TRANSPORT

  • 26

    Select all parts of the renal tubule

    PROXIMAL CONVULATED, DISTAL CONVULATED TUBULE , LOOP OF HENLE

  • 27

    Carries blood to the glomerulus which has a bigger lumen

    AFFERENT ARTERIOLE

  • 28

    This is the monosodium phosphate that was excreted in the

    TITRABLE ACID

  • 29

    This is the segment of the loop of henley which is impermeable to water but permeable to sodium chloride

    THIN ASCENDING SEGMENT

  • 30

    In 17th century, this was discovered for quantification of microscopic sediments

    ADDIS COUNT

  • 31

    Outer region of the kidney about 1.4 cm thick which serves as the exclusive site for plasma filtration

    RENAL CORTEX

  • 32

    It is the capillary bed that surrounds the loop of henley which function to receive water and solutes that it can be turned it back to circulation

    VASA RECTA

  • 33

    The fluid inside the bowman's space is called

    ULTRAFILTRATE

  • 34

    Also known as the father of toxicology in which he discovered copper sulfate through formation of metallic salts by performing Urine distillation on human body body flasks w/ graduation

    PARACELSUS

  • 35

    In 1827, He introduced the concept of urinalysis as a part of the routine patient examination. Except for microscopic examination of urine

    RICHARD BRIGHT

  • 36

    Nephron is mostly found on what region of the kidney

    CORTEX

  • 37

    It regulates the blood flow within the glomerulus as a response to changes in blood pressure and plasma sodium concentration

    RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM

  • 38

    This increases sodium reabsorption causing decrease water absorption

    ALDOSTERONE

  • 39

    Countercurrent mechanism in ALH what is being reabsorbed

    SODIUM, CHLORIDE IONS

  • 40

    In 1140 AD, color charts had been developed that described the significance of ___different color

    20

  • 41

    It carries blood from the glomerulus which has a smaller lumen

    EFFERENT ARTERIOLE

  • 42

    The other term for glomerulonephritis

    BRIGHTS DISEASE

  • 43

    Part of the distal cumulated tubule that is attached to the afferent arteriole which main function is to detect changes in pressure

    MACULA DENSA

  • 44

    This is the movement of molecules from tubular lumen to capillaries

    TUBULAR REABSORPTION

  • 45

    This is afforded by negatively charged components which provides additional restriction by repelling positive charge molecules like proteins

    SHIELD OF NEGATIVITY

  • 46

    This is the pressure exerted by the proteins in the blood plasma

    BLOOD COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE

  • 47

    Blood vessels where blood enters the kidney

    RENAL ARTERY

  • 48

    Type of nephron which functions for urine concentration and countercurrent exchanges in which the loops of henley extend into the medullary region

    JUXTA MEDULLARY

  • 49

    This is the movement of molecules from tubular capillaries to tubular lumen

    TUBULAR SECRETION

  • 50

    What blood vessel supplies the cortical nephron

    PERITUBULAR ARTERY

  • 51

    What are the other hormones secreted by the urinary system

    ERYTHROPOIETIN , RENIN

  • 52

    This is the pressure in the glomerular capillary forcing water and its solute through filtration slits which measures about 60 mmhg

    GLOMERULAR BLOOD HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

  • 53

    Hormone secreted by the urinary system which to increases blood pressure water retention as a response to low blood pressure and plasma sodium

    RENIN

  • 54

    The filtering component which is composed of specialized capillary network found at the inside of the bowman's capsule

    GLOMERULUS

  • 55

    Countercurrent mechanism in DLH what is being reabsorbed

    WATER

  • 56

    Select all components of the renal corpuscle

    GLOMERULUS, BOWMAN'S CAPSULE, AFFERENT ARTERIOLE, EFFERENT ARTERIOLE

  • 57

    This is also known as u shaped segment which is a part of loop of henley made up of flat cells and extensively interdigiting epithelium

    HAIRPIN

  • 58

    Type of nephron which primarily located in the cortex and function for tubular reabsorption and secretion and removal of waste. Approximately 85% of the total number of neutrons

    CORTICAL

  • 59

    This is the pressure exerted against the filtration membrane by fluid that is already in the capsular space

    CAPSULAR HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

  • 60

    A filtration barrier with features the intertwining foot processes which forms filtration slits

    VISCERAL EPITHELIUM

  • 61

    It is a filtration barrier that increases the permeability due to its pores

    FENESTRATED ENDOTHELIUM

  • 62

    How many nanometers do penetrated endothelium have

    50-100

  • 63

    The region of the kidney that has a stringy microscopic appearance which contains the collecting ducts

    RENAL MEDULLA

  • 64

    Transfer substance is brought about by the electrochemical energy

    ACTIVE TRANSPORT

  • 65

    This hormone increases the watery absorption

    VASOPRESSIN, ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE

  • 66

    Balloon like 3 sided pyramid chamber which stores urine

    URINARY BLADDER

  • 67

    The funnel shaped structure that is formed at one end by the expanded upper portion of the ureter

    PELVIS

  • 68

    The process that involves the filtration of blood which leads to the formation of ultrafiltrate

    GLOMERULAR FILTRATION

  • 69

    According to ____, the testing of urine with procedures c'monly performed in an expeditious reliable and cost effective manner in clinical laboratories

    CLSI, NCCLS

  • 70

    This is the non selective filter of plasma substances with a molecular weight of less than 70,000 daltons

    GLOMERULUS

  • 71

    What are the triggering mechanisms of the RAAS

    LOW BLOOD PRESSURE, LOW PLASMA SODIUM CONCENTRATION

  • 72

    In 1846, He introduced the microscopic examination of urine

    GOLDING BIRD

  • 73

    In need of carrier protein

    INDIRECT ACTIVE

  • 74

    It is the most convulated tubule which is the straight portion which becomes the loop of henry once it reaches the medulla. This also serves as the major site of reabsorption what about 65%

    PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

  • 75

    The conical masses of the kidney that project as renal papillae into the renal pelvis

    RENAL PYRAMID, MALPHIGIAN PYRAMID

  • 76

    Responsible for urine formation accounting 0.5% of the body weight

    KIDNEY

  • 77

    Carries urine form the kidneys to the urinary bladder which approximately 25cm in length

    URETER

  • 78

    This portions of the cortex that extend between renal pyramids

    RENAL COLUMN

  • 79

    Blood vessels which leaves the kidney through the inferior vena cava

    RENAL VEIN

  • 80

    History of uroscopy traced back to drawings of cavemen and in egyptia hieroglyphics such as

    EDWIN SMITH SURGICAL PAPYRUS

  • 81

    Term which essential substances are returned back to the circulations substances are filtrate back to the blood

    TUBULAR REABSORPTION

  • 82

    What are the factors affecting the glomerular filtration

    FILTRATION BARRIER, NET FILTRATION PRESSURE, RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM

  • 83

    This delivers urine for excretion

    URETHRA

  • 84

    This is when after eating the urine is collected acidic caused by the production of carbon dioxide from the oxidative metabolism of food and catabolism of proteins and phosphate

    ALKALINE TIDE

  • 85

    He discovered albuminuria by boiling urine which appears as cloudy white precipitate

    FREDERIK DEKKER

  • 86

    This is the segment on the loop of henley which is permeable to water but impermeable to sodium chloride

    THIN DESCENDING SEGMENT