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RENAL FUNCTION TEST
63問 • 11ヶ月前
  • Jef Marc Valencia
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    What are the 3 renal function test

    GLOMERULAR FILTRATION TEST, TUBULAR REABSORPTION TEST, TUBULAR SECRETION TEST

  • 2

    Procedures performed to determine the ability of the kidneys to carry out its metabolic functions

    RENAL FUNCTION TEST

  • 3

    Standard test used to determine the filtering capacity of the glomeruli

    CLEARANCE TEST

  • 4

    Process that involves the filtration of blood which leads to the formation of the ultrafiltrate per unit/time

    GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE

  • 5

    What are the 2 tests performed in Glomerular filtration tests

    ENDOGENOUS CLEARANCE, EXOGENOUS CLEARANCE

  • 6

    Test that performed under GFT which detects substances that already present inside the body.

    ENDOGENOUS CLEARANCE

  • 7

    Test that performed under GFT which requires infused substances that is administered in the body

    EXOGENOUS CLEARANCE

  • 8

    What are the substances that is detected in Endogenous test

    UREA, CREATININE, B2 MICROGLOBULIN, CYSTATIN C

  • 9

    What are the substances that is detected in Exogenous test

    INULIN, RADIOISOTOPE

  • 10

    The earliest glomerular filtration rate test which substance is first detected. Measures renal functions but not specific for glomerular filtration which no longer performed since it is affected by food intake and changes from day and night

    UREA CLEARANCE

  • 11

    Readily-filtered nitrogen waste product of protein present in urine substance but partially reabsorbed by the renal tubules

    UREA

  • 12

    Routinely performed for screening glomerular filtration

    CREATININE CLEARANCE TEST

  • 13

    Specimen required for CCT

    24 HOUR URINE

  • 14

    How to preserve 24 hour urine

    REFRIGERATE

  • 15

    What is the greatest source of error in CCT

    IMPROPERLY TIMED SPECIMEN

  • 16

    Normal value of CCT in males

    107-139 ML/MIN

  • 17

    Normal value of CCT in females

    87-107 ML/MIN

  • 18

    CCT is greatly affected by what factors

    SEX, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AGE

  • 19

    Creatinine Clearance Test Disadvantages 1. Some creatinine is secreted by the tubules, and secretion _____ as blood level rise 2. _______present in human plasma react in the chemical analysis 3. Medications, including , inhibit tubular secretion of creatinine 4. Bacteria will break down urinary creatinine if specimens are kept at _______for extended periods. 5. An increased intake of ____ can raise the urine and plasma levels of creatinine during the 24-hour collection period. 6. Measurement of creatinine clearance is not a reliable indicator in patients suffering from ______or persons involved in heavy exercise or athletes supplementing with creatine. 7. Accurate results depend on the accurate completeness of a _______. 8. It must be corrected for ________, unless normal is assumed, and must always be corrected for children.

    INCREASES, CHROMOGEN, GENTAMICIN,CEPHALOSPORIN,CIMETIDINE, ROOM TEMPERATURE, MEAT, MUSCLE WASTING DISEASE, 24 HOUR COLLECTION, BODY SURFACE AREA

  • 20

    What is the product of muscle metabolism

    CREATININE

  • 21

    A substance that dissociates from HLA at a constant rate and is rapidly removed from the plasma by glomerular filtration

    B2 MICROGLOBULIN

  • 22

    What is the molecular weight of B2 Microglobulin

    11 800 KILO DALTON

  • 23

    A test under GFT Endogenous tests which not reliable on patients with a history of immunologic disorders or malignancy

    B2 MICROGLOBULIN CLEARANCE

  • 24

    A small protein produced at a constant rate by all nucleated cells which is readily filtered by the glomerulus and reabsorbed and broken down by the renal tubular cells

    CYSTATIN C

  • 25

    What is the molecular weight of cystatin c

    13 359 KILO DALTON

  • 26

    A test under GFT Endogenous recommended for pediatric, diabetic, geriatric and critically-ill patients which is directly proportional to GFR

    CYSTATIN C CLEARANCE

  • 27

    It is the gold standard or reference method for Renal Function Test

    INULIN CLEARANCE TEST

  • 28

    A polymer of fructose which is extremely stable exogenous substance, neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubules but it is administered IV

    INULIN

  • 29

    provides a method for determining glomerular filtration through the plasma disappearance of the radioactive material and enables visualization of the filtration in one or both kidneys.

    RADIOISOTOPE

  • 30

    What is the injected radionucleotidein Exogenous Clearance test

    125 LIOTHALAMATE

  • 31

    This procedure can be valuable to measure the viability of a transplanted kidney.

    RADIOISOTOPE

  • 32

    Formulas developed to provide estimates of the GFR based on the serum creatinine without the urine creatinine

    CALCULATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION ESTIMATE

  • 33

    Most frequently used formula used to evaluate patient placement on kidney transplant lists

    COCKCROFT AND GAULT

  • 34

    What is value being multiplied in females in Cockcroft and Gault

    0.85

  • 35

    GFR = 170 x serum creatinine - 0.999 x age - 0.176 x 0.822 (if patient is female) x 1.1880(if patient is black) x BUN-0.170 x serum albumin + 0.318

    MODIFICATION OF DIET IN RENAL DISEASE SYSTEM

  • 36

    Also known as Tubular Reabsorption Test used to evaluate tubular reabsorption

    CONCENTRATION TEST

  • 37

    A concentration test which Patient is deprived of fluid for 24 hours

    FISHBERG

  • 38

    What is normal value for Urine SG in fishberg

    >1.026

  • 39

    Concentration Test used for volume and specific gravity comparison of day and night urine sample

    MOSENTHAL

  • 40

    Influenced by the number and density of particles in a solution.

    SPECIFIC GRAVITY

  • 41

    Influenced by the number of particles in a solution that is Based on the measurement of colligative properties

    OSMOLALITY

  • 42

    formula used for children in Calculated Glomerular Filtration Tests

    SCHWARTZ AND MODIFIED COUNAHAN BARRET

  • 43

    First principle incorporated in osmometers which 1 mol solute will lower the freezing point by 1.86oC

    FREEZING POINT

  • 44

    Normal Serum Osmolarity:

    275-300 mOsm

  • 45

    Normal Urine Osmolarity:

    50-1400 mOsm

  • 46

    Normal Urine to Serum Osmolarity Ratio

    1:1-3:1 mOsm

  • 47

    Evaluates the ability of the kidney to respond to the body’s state of hydration

    FREE WATER CLEARANCE

  • 48

    Result in Free Water Clearance if less water is being excreted

    -

  • 49

    Result in Free Water Clearance if no renal concentration or dilution

    0

  • 50

    Result in Free Water Clearance if excess water is being excreted

    +

  • 51

    Used primarily to analyze serum and sweat microsamples for disorders not related to renal function, such as cystic fibrosis.

    VAPOR PRESSURE OSMOMETER

  • 52

    A c'mon method of osmometer which determine the freezing point of a solution by supercooling a measured amount of sample to approximately 27O C.

    FREEZING POINT

  • 53

    1000mOsm/kg of H2O will lower the freezing point of H2O by how many degree celsius

    1.86

  • 54

    Clinical osmometers use solutions of _______concentration as their reference standards because a solution of partially ionized substances is more representative of urine and plasma composition.

    KNOWN NACL

  • 55

    Osmometer which utilizes depression of dew point temperature by solute parallels the decrease in vapor pressure, thereby providing a measure of this colligative property.

    VAPOR PRESSURE

  • 56

    Vapor pressure osmometer uses microsamples of less than_____; therefore, care must be taken to prevent any evaporation of the sample prior to testing

    0.01 ML

  • 57

    A tubular secretion and renal blood flow test which substance administered is a Non-toxic loosely bound to plasma proteins which then should be completely removed as the blood passes through the peritubular capillaries

    P AMINOHIPPURIC ACID TEST

  • 58

    A tubular secretion and renal blood flow test which was historically used to evaluate tubular secretion and renal blood flow but it is no longer perform as it was obselete and hard to interpret

    PHENOLSULFONPHTHALEIN TEST

  • 59

    A tubular secretion and renal blood flow test which evaluates the ability of the kidneys to produce an acid urine by determining the Amount of free H+ and total acidity.

    TITRABLE ACIDITY AND URINARY AMMONIA

  • 60

    What is being administered in Titrable Acidity and Urinary Ammonia

    ACID LOAD OF ORAL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

  • 61

    Sample required in Titrable Acidity and Urinary Ammonia is _____collected at 2-hour intervals

    FRESH OR TOLUENE PRESERVED URINE

  • 62

    A tubular secretion and renal blood flow test which Evaluates unilateral kidney disease

    INDIGO CARMINE TEST

  • 63

    How many mg of Indigo Carmine is administered in the test

    100

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    What are the 3 renal function test

    GLOMERULAR FILTRATION TEST, TUBULAR REABSORPTION TEST, TUBULAR SECRETION TEST

  • 2

    Procedures performed to determine the ability of the kidneys to carry out its metabolic functions

    RENAL FUNCTION TEST

  • 3

    Standard test used to determine the filtering capacity of the glomeruli

    CLEARANCE TEST

  • 4

    Process that involves the filtration of blood which leads to the formation of the ultrafiltrate per unit/time

    GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE

  • 5

    What are the 2 tests performed in Glomerular filtration tests

    ENDOGENOUS CLEARANCE, EXOGENOUS CLEARANCE

  • 6

    Test that performed under GFT which detects substances that already present inside the body.

    ENDOGENOUS CLEARANCE

  • 7

    Test that performed under GFT which requires infused substances that is administered in the body

    EXOGENOUS CLEARANCE

  • 8

    What are the substances that is detected in Endogenous test

    UREA, CREATININE, B2 MICROGLOBULIN, CYSTATIN C

  • 9

    What are the substances that is detected in Exogenous test

    INULIN, RADIOISOTOPE

  • 10

    The earliest glomerular filtration rate test which substance is first detected. Measures renal functions but not specific for glomerular filtration which no longer performed since it is affected by food intake and changes from day and night

    UREA CLEARANCE

  • 11

    Readily-filtered nitrogen waste product of protein present in urine substance but partially reabsorbed by the renal tubules

    UREA

  • 12

    Routinely performed for screening glomerular filtration

    CREATININE CLEARANCE TEST

  • 13

    Specimen required for CCT

    24 HOUR URINE

  • 14

    How to preserve 24 hour urine

    REFRIGERATE

  • 15

    What is the greatest source of error in CCT

    IMPROPERLY TIMED SPECIMEN

  • 16

    Normal value of CCT in males

    107-139 ML/MIN

  • 17

    Normal value of CCT in females

    87-107 ML/MIN

  • 18

    CCT is greatly affected by what factors

    SEX, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AGE

  • 19

    Creatinine Clearance Test Disadvantages 1. Some creatinine is secreted by the tubules, and secretion _____ as blood level rise 2. _______present in human plasma react in the chemical analysis 3. Medications, including , inhibit tubular secretion of creatinine 4. Bacteria will break down urinary creatinine if specimens are kept at _______for extended periods. 5. An increased intake of ____ can raise the urine and plasma levels of creatinine during the 24-hour collection period. 6. Measurement of creatinine clearance is not a reliable indicator in patients suffering from ______or persons involved in heavy exercise or athletes supplementing with creatine. 7. Accurate results depend on the accurate completeness of a _______. 8. It must be corrected for ________, unless normal is assumed, and must always be corrected for children.

    INCREASES, CHROMOGEN, GENTAMICIN,CEPHALOSPORIN,CIMETIDINE, ROOM TEMPERATURE, MEAT, MUSCLE WASTING DISEASE, 24 HOUR COLLECTION, BODY SURFACE AREA

  • 20

    What is the product of muscle metabolism

    CREATININE

  • 21

    A substance that dissociates from HLA at a constant rate and is rapidly removed from the plasma by glomerular filtration

    B2 MICROGLOBULIN

  • 22

    What is the molecular weight of B2 Microglobulin

    11 800 KILO DALTON

  • 23

    A test under GFT Endogenous tests which not reliable on patients with a history of immunologic disorders or malignancy

    B2 MICROGLOBULIN CLEARANCE

  • 24

    A small protein produced at a constant rate by all nucleated cells which is readily filtered by the glomerulus and reabsorbed and broken down by the renal tubular cells

    CYSTATIN C

  • 25

    What is the molecular weight of cystatin c

    13 359 KILO DALTON

  • 26

    A test under GFT Endogenous recommended for pediatric, diabetic, geriatric and critically-ill patients which is directly proportional to GFR

    CYSTATIN C CLEARANCE

  • 27

    It is the gold standard or reference method for Renal Function Test

    INULIN CLEARANCE TEST

  • 28

    A polymer of fructose which is extremely stable exogenous substance, neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubules but it is administered IV

    INULIN

  • 29

    provides a method for determining glomerular filtration through the plasma disappearance of the radioactive material and enables visualization of the filtration in one or both kidneys.

    RADIOISOTOPE

  • 30

    What is the injected radionucleotidein Exogenous Clearance test

    125 LIOTHALAMATE

  • 31

    This procedure can be valuable to measure the viability of a transplanted kidney.

    RADIOISOTOPE

  • 32

    Formulas developed to provide estimates of the GFR based on the serum creatinine without the urine creatinine

    CALCULATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION ESTIMATE

  • 33

    Most frequently used formula used to evaluate patient placement on kidney transplant lists

    COCKCROFT AND GAULT

  • 34

    What is value being multiplied in females in Cockcroft and Gault

    0.85

  • 35

    GFR = 170 x serum creatinine - 0.999 x age - 0.176 x 0.822 (if patient is female) x 1.1880(if patient is black) x BUN-0.170 x serum albumin + 0.318

    MODIFICATION OF DIET IN RENAL DISEASE SYSTEM

  • 36

    Also known as Tubular Reabsorption Test used to evaluate tubular reabsorption

    CONCENTRATION TEST

  • 37

    A concentration test which Patient is deprived of fluid for 24 hours

    FISHBERG

  • 38

    What is normal value for Urine SG in fishberg

    >1.026

  • 39

    Concentration Test used for volume and specific gravity comparison of day and night urine sample

    MOSENTHAL

  • 40

    Influenced by the number and density of particles in a solution.

    SPECIFIC GRAVITY

  • 41

    Influenced by the number of particles in a solution that is Based on the measurement of colligative properties

    OSMOLALITY

  • 42

    formula used for children in Calculated Glomerular Filtration Tests

    SCHWARTZ AND MODIFIED COUNAHAN BARRET

  • 43

    First principle incorporated in osmometers which 1 mol solute will lower the freezing point by 1.86oC

    FREEZING POINT

  • 44

    Normal Serum Osmolarity:

    275-300 mOsm

  • 45

    Normal Urine Osmolarity:

    50-1400 mOsm

  • 46

    Normal Urine to Serum Osmolarity Ratio

    1:1-3:1 mOsm

  • 47

    Evaluates the ability of the kidney to respond to the body’s state of hydration

    FREE WATER CLEARANCE

  • 48

    Result in Free Water Clearance if less water is being excreted

    -

  • 49

    Result in Free Water Clearance if no renal concentration or dilution

    0

  • 50

    Result in Free Water Clearance if excess water is being excreted

    +

  • 51

    Used primarily to analyze serum and sweat microsamples for disorders not related to renal function, such as cystic fibrosis.

    VAPOR PRESSURE OSMOMETER

  • 52

    A c'mon method of osmometer which determine the freezing point of a solution by supercooling a measured amount of sample to approximately 27O C.

    FREEZING POINT

  • 53

    1000mOsm/kg of H2O will lower the freezing point of H2O by how many degree celsius

    1.86

  • 54

    Clinical osmometers use solutions of _______concentration as their reference standards because a solution of partially ionized substances is more representative of urine and plasma composition.

    KNOWN NACL

  • 55

    Osmometer which utilizes depression of dew point temperature by solute parallels the decrease in vapor pressure, thereby providing a measure of this colligative property.

    VAPOR PRESSURE

  • 56

    Vapor pressure osmometer uses microsamples of less than_____; therefore, care must be taken to prevent any evaporation of the sample prior to testing

    0.01 ML

  • 57

    A tubular secretion and renal blood flow test which substance administered is a Non-toxic loosely bound to plasma proteins which then should be completely removed as the blood passes through the peritubular capillaries

    P AMINOHIPPURIC ACID TEST

  • 58

    A tubular secretion and renal blood flow test which was historically used to evaluate tubular secretion and renal blood flow but it is no longer perform as it was obselete and hard to interpret

    PHENOLSULFONPHTHALEIN TEST

  • 59

    A tubular secretion and renal blood flow test which evaluates the ability of the kidneys to produce an acid urine by determining the Amount of free H+ and total acidity.

    TITRABLE ACIDITY AND URINARY AMMONIA

  • 60

    What is being administered in Titrable Acidity and Urinary Ammonia

    ACID LOAD OF ORAL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

  • 61

    Sample required in Titrable Acidity and Urinary Ammonia is _____collected at 2-hour intervals

    FRESH OR TOLUENE PRESERVED URINE

  • 62

    A tubular secretion and renal blood flow test which Evaluates unilateral kidney disease

    INDIGO CARMINE TEST

  • 63

    How many mg of Indigo Carmine is administered in the test

    100