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1
Amniotic fluid is found inside the amniotic sac known as which surrounds the fetus
AMNION
2
Metabolically active which helps exchange water in chemicals between the fluid and the mother's blood
AMNION
3
Main function is to protect the fetus by acting execution and allowing free movement
AMNIOTIC SAC
4
Amniotic fluid increases during pregnancy which peaks how many ml in the third trimester
800-1,200
5
How many ml of amniotic fluid in the first trimester
35
6
This refers to too much amniotic fluid
POLYHYDRAMNIOS
7
This refers to too little amniotic fluid
OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS
8
What is the main source of amniotic fluid
PLACENTA
9
Select all sources of amniotic fluid
FETAL URINE, FETAL RESPIRATORY SECRETION, AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE, UMBILICAL CORD
10
Amniotic fluid is similar to
MATERNAL PLASMA
11
Amniotic fluid contains___which from skin digestive and urinary tract that is used for genetic testing
FETAL CELLS
12
Creatinine in the amniotic fluid indicates
FETAL AGE, KIDNEY DEVELOPMENT
13
Normal creatinine amniotic fluid before 36 week
1.5-2.0 MG/DL
14
Normal creatinine amniotic fluid after 36 week
>2.0 MG/DL
15
Help doctors tosses when fetus is mature enough for delivery
CREATININE
16
Used to help determine if there has been a possible premature rupture of membranes or an accidental puncture of the mother's bladder during specimen collection
MATERNAL URINE
17
Amniotic fluid is similar to
URINE, PERICARDIAL FLUID
18
Creatinine: <3.5 mg per dl
AMNIOTIC FLUID
19
Creatinine: >10 mg per dl
URINE
20
Urea: <30 mg per dl
AMNIOTIC FLUID
21
Urea: >300 mg per dl
URINE
22
Glucose and Protein: +
AMNIOTIC FLUID
23
Glucose and Protein: -
URINE
24
Creatinine levels in the amniotic fluid during late pregnancy can be___higher than normal plasma level
2-3X
25
This is creatinine level in amniotic fluid against normal plasma level which may indicate that the sample is urine or amniotic fluid contaminated with urine
>4 MG/DL
26
Microscopic test that helps differentiate amniotic fluid from other body fluids
FERN TEST
27
A positive result shows fern like crystals during fern test because of the
SODIUM CHLORIDE, PROTEIN
28
Amniotic fluid is collected by inserting a needle into the amniotic sac—this procedure is called
AMNIOCENTESIS
29
The most common method is of amniocentesis is
TRANSABDOMINAL
30
Maximum volume of amniocentesis collected
30 ML
31
How many ml of amniotic fluid should be discarded first
2-3 ml
32
Amniocentesis is usually done at what week
15th
33
Storage temperature for amniotic fluid for Fetal lung maturity
REFRIGERATOR
34
The sample amniotic fluid must be protected from___for bilirubin testing
LIGHT
35
Storage temperature for amniotic fluid for Cytogenetic or microbial studies
BODY TEMPERATURE
36
Normal color of amniotic fluid
COLORLESS, TURBID
37
May be due to traumatic tap,abdominal tap, or intra-amniotic hemorrhage
BLOOD STREAKED
38
test to findout if the blood is from the motheror fetus
KLEIHAUER BETKE TEST
39
May indicate presence of bilirubin
YELLOW, AMBER
40
Associated with fetal distress and risk of meconium aspiration
DARK GRAY
41
Indicates blood contamination
PINK-RED
42
Suggests fetal death Requires urgent medical attention
DARK REED BROWN
43
Provides fetal skin during development
VERNIX
44
Tests for Neural Tube Defects Markers:
AFP, AChe
45
Normal mOsm of AFP
0.5-2.5
46
Refers to signs that appear before orduring childbirth showing that the fetus is not doing well, usually because it is not getting enough oxygen.
FETAL DISTRESS
47
Monitors fetal heart rate in response to fetal movement
NON STRESS TEST
48
Monitors the fetal heart during induced contractions.
CONTRACTION STRESS TEST
49
Assesses how well blood flows through the umbilical artery.
DOPPLER FLOW STUDY
50
It checks the pH level of fetal blood during labor
FETAL SCALP BLOOD SAMPLING
51
Normal pH amniotic fluid
>7.25
52
Detects fetal anemia due to hemolysis Uses a spectrophotometric scan to measure
BILIRUBIN
53
Interpretation of bilirubin in amniotic fluid
LILEYS CHART
54
Mild or no disease in bilirubin amniotic test
ZONE1
55
High risk of hydrops, may require early delivery or transfusion.
ZONE3
56
Used to screen for Neural tube defects (NTDs)
AFP
57
Used to confirm open neural tube defects.
ACHE
58
Most common complication of premature delivery and life-threatening for premature infants. Due to immaturity of the fetal lungs leading to insufficient production of lung surfactant
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
59
Structures composed of phospholipidlayers and serve as the storage form of pulmonarysurfactant. It also releases surfactant into the alveolar spaces that appear in amniotic fluid around 26 weeks of pregnancy.
Lamellar Bodies
60
Optical Density centrifuged setting
2000g/10 min
61
The reference method where FLM tests are compared to.
Lecithin/Sphingomyelin (L/S) Ratio
62
Major lung surfactant
LECITHIN, PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE
63
A phospholipid that helps surfactants spread across the surface of the alveoli in the lungs
Phosphatidylglycerol
64
A protein produced by the fetus. Peaks around 16 weeks of pregnancy, then declines gradually.
AFP
65
Indicates fetal distress during fetal non stress test
NON REACTIVE
66
Indicates fetal distress during contraction stress test
LATE DECELERATIONS
67
Suggests open NTD (e.g., spina bifida), gastroschisis, or twins of AFP in amniotic fluid
High AFP
68
May suggest Down syndrome of AFP in amniotic fluid
LOW AFP
69
A substance that allows the alveoli toremain open by reducing the surface tension. Prevents the alveoli from collapsing during exhalation and allows air to enter easily during inhalation.
Surfactant
70
Falsely decreases the count of Lamellar Bodies
Blood
71
Causes minimal increase in counts in lamellar bodies
Meconium
72
Agglutination of PG using Polyclonal anti-PG antibodies; qualitative results.
AGGLUTINATION TEST
73
Phosphatidylglycerol confirmatory test
THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
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