A screening test before microscopic examination which may indicate the presence of certain sediments

A screening test before microscopic examination that can be pathologic or non pathologic cause of turbidity

Darker urine color will___urine specific gravity

Most c'mon non pathologic cause of turbidity in female urine

These are present/significance if +BLOOD in screening test

These are the significance/present in urine if +NITRITE in screening test

The c'mon cause of +NITRITE in urine screening test

These are the significance/present in urine if +LE in screening test

This may become positive in urine screening test in the presence of yeast. This is also the environment in which favors bacteria to thrive

+ in chem exam which subject to RBC-micro exam

+ in chem exam which subject to WBC-micro exam

+ in chem exam which subject to EPITHELIAL CELLS AND CAST-micro exam

+ in chem exam which subject to BACTERIA micro exam

+ in chem exam which subject to CRYSTALS-micro exam

Color of bilirubin foam in urine

What pH of urine do abnormal crystals c'monly found

Give the volume RANGE of urine needed for microscopic examination

Average/specific volume of urine for microscopic examination

What is the settings of the centrifuge for microscopic urine centrifugation

Volume of urine that should remain after decantation

Volume of urine that should be transferred to the glass slide

How many fields per power field is applied for microscopic examination of urine

What microscope power fields is applied in microscopic examination of urine

Quantitative measurement of formed elements of urine for diagnosis of renal dx.

The glassware used for addis count

Specimen for addis count

Preservative for addis count

Normal value of RBC in 12 hour urine

Normal value of WBC and Epithelial cells in 12 hour urine

Normal value of Hyaline casts in 12 hour urine

Who introduced addis count

Most needed equipment and material for microscopic examination of urine

Stain that delineates structure and contrasting colors of the nucleus and cytoplasm. It is also classified under supravital stains

Stain good for low refractile index sediments

What is the composition of Sternheimer Malbin stain

Give at least 3 low refractile index sediments c'monly examined in urine

Stain which Action-enhance nuclear details Function-diff. WBCs and Reticulo Endothelial cells

Stain which Action-lyse RBCs and Accentuates Nucleus of WBCs Function-distinct. RBC from WBCs, yeast, oil, droplets, & crystals

Stain which Action-Stains triglycerides & neutral fats Function-ID free fat droplets and lipid containing cells and casts

What are the lipid stains used in Micro-examination

Lipid stains triglycerides and neutral fats which appears what color

Stain which Action-Diff. Gram -/+ bacteria Function-Bacterial and Fungal casts

Stain which Action-Stains eosinophilic granules Function-I.D Urinary eosinophils

Stain which Action-Stains sediments containing iron Function-I.D Hemosiderin granules in casts and cells

What is the composition of Hansel Stain

Most c'mon microscope in CM used for routine urinalysis

What is the principle of Bright Field Microscope

What is the formula in calculating the total mag. pwr of Bright field microscopy

Give the total mag power if EP. pwr=10x Obj. pwr= 40x

Microscope used to visualize low refractive index elements (eg. hyaline, mixed cellular cast, mucous thread, trichomonas). Also used for examing Living cells

What is the principle of Phase contrast microscopy

It used under phase contrast miscroscopy which stops cellular processes

Microscopy in which vibrates light in 1 direction only but when it hits image, it splits into 2 beams

Microscope used for the I.D of cholesterol molecules in OFB, fatty casts, and crystals

What are the 2 beams produced by polarizing microscope after hitting an image

A feature of polarizing microscope which produces 2 refractive indices

Microscope capable of producing 3 dimensional images

A class of Interference Contrast Microscopy that allows three modifications at the back of its objectives

A class of inteference contrast microscope which intensity differences in the specimen image are attain through birefringent crystal prism.

What are the 3 modifications of Hoffman contrast microscopy

An special amp filter utilized by Hoffman Contrast Microscopy

Microscope used for I.D of spirochetes eg. Treponema spp.

Microscope that utilizes 2 filters which specimen examined should be injected w/ flourescent dyes

Term used to define presence of RBCS in urine

Normal value range of RBC in urine

Average diameter of RBC

Smooth, non nucleated biconcave disks shaped sediments

What may happened to RBCs in Hypertonic Urine

What maybe the appearance if RBC is in Hypotonic Urine

Term used to define the movement of water from lower to higher concentrations

What could be present in urine in case of Glomerular Bleeding/Damage

Sources of error Hematuria-microscopic examination

Dumbbell shaped sediment in which could be a source of error in hematuria-microscopic examination

A reagent used as a remedy in hematuria which lyse rbcs

Term used to define the presence of WBCs in urine

Normal value range of WBCs in urine

Most predominant WBC in urine

Normal value range of Eosinophils in urine

Increase number of WBC may indicate

>1% of WBC or Eosinophils may indicate what clinical significance

WBC that may appear like granulated and multilobed

Neutrophils may swell in what osmosis and pH or urine

The cell sparkling apperance of neutrophil granules is due to

Present in small amount but may indicate inflammatory response or renal transplant rejection or infection and inflammation in the GUT

Infection of the urinary bladder is termed as

Increase of WBC in bacterial infx

Increase of WBC in non bacterial infx

Give at least 3 clinical significance of hematuria

In hypotonic solution, which is more conc

In hypertonic solution, which is more conc

Color of Glitter Cells in SMS

Color of Leukocytes in SMS

What do WBCs becaomr when exposed to Hypertonic or Acidic Urine