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1
How many percent of water in urine composition
95-97
2
How many percent of solutes in urine composition
3-5
3
How many grams of total solid formed in urine composition in 24 hours
60
4
What influences urine composition
DIETARY INTAKE, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, BODY METABOLISM, ENDOCRINE FUNCTION, BODY POSITION
5
What are the major inorganic components of urine
CHLORIDE, SODIUM, POTASSIUM
6
What is the principal salt and how many grams of inorganic component of urine
SODIUM CHLORIDE, 15
7
What are the other inorganic component of urine other that its principal salt and major components
SULFATE, PHOSPHATE, AMMONIUM, MAGNESIUM, CALCIUM
8
What is the major organic component of urine and how many percent in the urine composition
UREA, 60-90
9
Aside from urea, what are the other major organic components or urine
URIC ACID, HIPPURIC ACID, CREATININE
10
What are the other organic components of urine aside from its major component
CARBOHYDRATE, PIGMENT, FATTY ACID, MUCIN, ENZYME, HORMONE
11
Urine specimen container has the capacity of how many ml
50
12
What should be included in the urine label
PATIENT NAME, IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, DATE, TIME
13
An organic component of urine which derived from creatine and nitrogenous substance in muscle tissue. How many grams also
CREATININE, 1.5
14
An organic compound of urine which is the c'mon component of kidney stones derived from the catabolism of nucleic acid in food and cell distruction. How many grams
URIC ACID, 0.4-1
15
An organic compound of urine which from the elimination form of benzoic acid that increases with high vegetable diets. How many grams
HIPPURIC ACID, 0.7
16
How many grams of the organic other substances in urine
2.9
17
An inorganic compound of urine which occurs as chloride, sulfate abnd phosphate salts. How many grams
POTASSIUM 3.3, CALCIUM 0.3, MAGNESIUM 0.1
18
An inorganic compound of urine which derived from the amino acids. How many grams.
SULFATE, 2.5
19
An inorganic compound of urine which occurs as sodium compunds that serve as buffers in the blood. How many grams
PHOSPHATE, 2.5
20
An inorganic compound of urine which derived form protein metabolism and glutamine in kidneys that varies depending on blood and tissue fluid acidity
AMMONIUM, 0.7
21
Factors affecting urine output
WATER INTAKE, FLUID LOSS FROM NON RENAL SOURCE, VARIATION IN ADH, EXCRETION OF DISSOLVE SOLID
22
What are the different classifications of Urine volume
NOCTURIA, OLIGURIA, ANURIA, POLYURIA
23
Urine volume refering to increased micturation at night which is Common in patients with DM
NOCTURIA
24
How many mL volume of urine is being excreted at night in nocturia
500
25
What is the normal urine volume
1200-1500 ML/DAY
26
Urination refering to decrease normal daily urine volume which about less than 500 mL/24 hours
OLIGURIA
27
This refers to urine with high specific gravity due to oliguria
HYPERSTENURIA
28
Urine volume refering to near cessation of urine due to poisoning w/ bichlorides, severe acute nephritis, obstruction of urinary passage caused by tumors or calculi
ANURIA
29
Urine volume refering to increase in daily urine output that is c'mon for both diabetes mellitus and insipidus
POLYURIA
30
Polyuria can be artificially induced by
CAFFEINE, ALCOHOL, THIOZIDES, IV FLUID, PROTEIN, SALT
31
What could be the expected Specific Gravity of patients with polyuria
HYPOSTENURIA
32
What features do specimen container for urine should have
CLEAN, DRY, LEAK PROOF, CLEAR
33
A unique feature for microbiology and bacterial culture urine container
STERILE
34
How many ml do the urine container capacity for routine analysis
50
35
How many ml do the urine container capacity for drug analysis
65
36
How many ml of urine is used for microscopic analysis
12
37
What should be the label of urine container contains
PATIENT NAME, ID NUMBER, DATE AND TIME OF COLLECTION
38
This is the information form which should be match with the information on the specimen label
REQUISITIION FORM
39
Whaty is the duration of the integrity of urine after being voided
2 HOUR
40
This may increased in unpreserved urine after being voided
pH, BACTERIA, ODOR, NITRITE
41
This may increased in unpreserved urine due to Urea being converted to ammonia due to urease
pH, ODOR
42
Why do bacteria increases in unpreserved urine
MULTIPLICATION
43
Nitrite is being increased in unpreserved urine due to
NITRATE REDUCING BACTERIA
44
These decreases in the unpreserved urine
CLARITY, GLUCOSE, KETONE, CONJUGATED BILIRUBIN, UROBILINOGEN, CAST, TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS
45
Clarity in unpreserved urine decreases due to
PPT OF AMORPHOUS MATERIAL, BACTERIA
46
Glucose in unpreserved urine decreases due to
GLYCOLYSIS, BACTERIA
47
Ketones in unpreserved urine decreases due to
VOLATILIZATION
48
Conjugated bilirubin in unpreserved urine decreases due to
LIGHT EXPOSURE
49
Urobilinogen in unpreserved urine decreases due to
OXIDATION TO UROBILIN
50
Casts in unpreserved urine decreases due to
DISINTEGRATE IN ALKALINE URINE
51
Trichomonas vaginalis in unpreserved urine decreases due to which resulting death
LOSS OF MOTILITY
52
What is the physical preservation of urine
REFRIGERATION
53
What happens to the color of urine after being voided
DARKEN
54
Color of unpreserved urine darken in color due to
OXIDATION OR REDUCTION OF METABOLITE
55
What happens to bilirubin after light exposure
BILIVERDIN
56
Required ref temperature for preservation of urine
2-8
57
What happen to bacterial growth and metabolism after refrigeration
DECREASE
58
What happen to Specific Gravity after refrigeration
INCREASE
59
These produces white precipitate after refrigeration
AMORPHOUS PHOSPHATE
60
These produces pink precipitate after refrigeration
AMORPHOUS URATE
61
A method of preservation in urine which is not routinely recommended
CHEMICAL
62
What are the ideal characteristics of ideal preservative
BACTERICIDAL, PRESERVED FORMED ELEMENT, SHOULD NOT INTERFERE WITH CHEM ANALYSIS
63
Type of urine specimen for routine screening which grealty affected by dietary intake and physical activity
RANDOM URINE SPECIMEN
64
The most concentrated, acidic, and well preserve of casts or urine specimen ideal specimen for routine UA, and pregnancy test and for evaluation of Orthostatic proteinuria
FIRST MORNING URINE, 8 HOUR SPECIMEN
65
A type of urine specimen which 2nd voided urine after period of fasting used for diabetic screening and monitoring
SECOND MORNING URINE
66
A type of urine specimen which is specifically for diabetic screening and monitoring which urine is collected 2 hours after eating
2 HOUR POSTPRANDIAL
67
A type of urine specimen which it needed at least 2 samples. It is a series of blood and urine samples are collected at specific time intervals to compare conc. of a subtance in urine w/ its concentration in the blood for diagnosis of diabetes
FRACTIONAL SPECIMEN
68
This is used for routine urinalysis and ideal for bacterial culture
MID STREAM CLEAN CATCH
69
Methods or urine bacterial culture
CATHETERIZED, SUPRAPUBIC, MID STREAM CLEAN CATCH
70
This type of urine specimen needed 3 voided samples. It is used for prostatic infection which it examines the 1st and 3rd specimen then compared the number of WBC and bacteria
THREE GLASS COLLECTION TECHNIQUE
71
What is the specimen contained in 1st container of 3 glass collection technique
FIRST VOIDED URINE
72
What is the specimen contained in 2nd container of 3 glass collection technique
MIDSTREAM VOIDED URINE
73
What is the specimen contained in 3rd container of 3 glass collection technique
URINE AFTER PROSTATIC MASSAGE
74
What is the specimen serves as a control for bladder and kidney infection of 3 glass collection technique which invalidates test if more WBC and bacteria is seen than 3rd specimen
MIDSTREAM URINE
75
This indicates prostatic infection if the number of WBC and bacteria in the 3rd specimen is__greater than of the 1st specimen
10X
76
A prostatic infection laboratory procedure which implies 4 methods
STAMEY MEARS FOUR GLASS LOCALIZATION METHOD
77
Stamey mears method which is tested of urethral infection or inflammation
VOIDED BOTTLE 1
78
Stamey mears method which is tested for urinary bladder infection
VOIDED BOTTLE 2
79
Stamey mears method which is for cultured and examined for WBC
EXPRESS PROSTATIC SECRETION
80
Stamey mears method which is for prostatic massage urine specimen
VOIDED BOTTLE 3
81
Value of WBC in EPS of Stamey Mears which is considered abnormal
>10-20 WBC/HPF
82
What are the type of urine specimen in Pre and Post Massage Test
MIDSTREAM CLEAN CATCH, POST PROSTATIC MASSAGE
83
Positive result of bacteria in PPMT
>10X GREATER THAN PREMASSAGE COUNT
84
C'mon preservative used for 24 Hour urine
REFRIGERATION
85
Type of urine specimen that begins and ends with an empty bladder and it requires preservative depending on the test to be performed.
24 HOUR URINE
86
24 hour urine is usually performed in
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL TEST
87
Type of urine specimen used for addis count
12 HOUR URINE
88
Type of urine specimen used for nitrate determination in which urine remains in the bladder for at least 4 hours before voiding
4 HOUR URINE
89
Type of urine specimen which is for urobilinogen determination
EARLY AFTERNOON SPECIMEN
90
What time is early afternoon specimen is recommended for collection
2-4 PM
91
Addis Count is proposed by who and what year
THOMAS ADDIS, 1926
92
This quantitative form elements in the 12 hour overnight urine collection which is used primarily to monitor the course of diagnose cases of renal disease
ADDIS COUNT
93
This is a glassware used in primarily ADDIS count
HEMOCYTOMETER
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