Initial force of attraction that exist between singe Fab site (paratope) and a single epitope on the corresponding antigen

Sum of all attractive forces between an Ag and Ab

Dictates the overall stability of the Ag-Ab complex

Types of Affinity occur between oppositely charged particles

Type of affinity involve an attraction between polar molecules that have a slight charge separation and in which the positive charge resides on a hydrogen atom

Type of affinity occur between nonpolar molecules that associate with one another and exclude molecules of water as they do so

Type of affinity occur because of the interaction between the electron clouds of oscillating dipoles

Antibody

Soluble antigen

Insoluble complexes formed by the union of the two aforementioned

Fine Natural clumping. Fleecy, white/ coudy

Much better precipitating ab

Much better agglutinating ab

Non-precipitating immunoglobulin

Precipitation sequence of immunoglobulin

Involves combining soluble antigen with soluble antibody to produce insoluble complexes that are visible

Precipitation is first noted on what year by

Define as all antigen antibody binding is reversible and free reactants are in equilibrium with bound reactants

Excess antibody in the precipitation curve

Excess antigen in the precipitation curve

Area wearing maximum precipitation will occur because agna be concentration have an optimum ratio

Prozone and postzone may lead to

Prozone phenomenon remedy

Post zone phenomenon remedy

Factors affecting precipitation

Optimum ph for precipitation

Incubation time range for precipitation

Immunoassay are based on the principles of

What is the best precipitin immunoglobulin

What is the ideal temperature of precipitation

What are the different types of precipitation

What is being measured in turbidimetry

This measures the reduction in light intensity due to reflection absorption or scatter

This measures the light that is scattered at a particular angle from the incident beam as it passes through a suspension

In the nephelometry, the amount of light scattered is an _ of the solutions concentration

This method, the amount of light in a solution can be read in one angle.

This method, the amount of light is read in many different angle

The precipitation of antigen and antibody combination which requires time as there is no electric current is used to speed up the reaction.

What are the factors affecting the rate of diffusion

What should be hydration status of the agar for precipitation

What are the different precipitation in gel medium

Precipitation in gel medium which either ag or ab is moving

Precipitation angel medium which both ag and ab are moving through the medium

Precipitation in gel medium which ag or ab migrates up and down and it requires what laboratory apparatus

Precipitation angel medium which ag or ab diffuse radially and it requires what laboratory apparatus

Ab is uniformly distributed in a support gel and ag is applied to a well cut into a gel

What is the unknown in a radial immunodiffusion

What is important when it comes to studying immunodiffusion

What are the two types of radial immunodiffusion

What is the movement in OUDIN radial immunodiffusion

What is the movement in masini Fahey and mackelvey radial immunodiffusion

What is product form in OUDIN radial immunodiffusion

Ab is mix with_in OUDIN radial immunodiffusion

What is mobile in OUDIN radial immunodiffusion

What is formed in OUDIN radial immunodiffusion

Ab is mixed with_in MASINI, FAHEY MACKELVEY radial immunodiffusion

Ag is loaded _in MASINI, FAHEY MACKELVEY radial immunodiffusion

What is formed in MASINI, FAHEY MACKELVEY radial immunodiffusion

What are the two types of MASINI, FAHEY MACKELVEY radial immunodiffusion

This you would have to wait for the complete reaction of the antigen that may happen 24 to 72 hours

This you would have to read the result before complete reaction happen and it usually takes between 24 to 72 hours

In endpoint method the diameter of the ring is equal to

In kinetic method the diameter of the ring is equal to

The main purpose is to compare two antigens primarily fungal

What is the movement in Ouchterlony

Product Formed: Interpret:

Product Formed: Interpret:

Product Formed: Interpret:

This method diffuse both a g and ab independently through a semi solid medium in two dimension and it requires incubation until lines are precipitated

What concept is followed in electrophoretic technique which simply means opposite attracts

Negatively charged particles migrate to

Positively charged particles migrate to the

Technique in which molecules with a net charge are separated when an electric field is applied

Antigens and antibodies are made up of

Enumerate the factors that may influence the rate of protein migration

What is the ph of buffer in electrophoresis

What is the viscosity of the buffer in electrophoresis

What is the required temperature of electrophoresis

A factor in protein migration which the flow of ions goes toward the cathode and can impede the movement of proteins toward the anode

Rocket immunoelectrophoresis is discovered by who and what year

It is a technique which ag is pushed through ab containing gel under the influence of an applied electric field

what is the product form in rocket immuno electrophoresis

This is where we place the antigen in the rocket immuno electrophoresis

The height of the rocket is indirectly proportional to the amount of antigen introduced true or false

A method in electrophoresis in which single reactant is moving in two dimensions

How many times of electrophoretic method is used in cross immunoelectrophoresis

This method of electrophoresis ag and ab are added to separate parallel wells cut out in an agar gel and when an electric field is applied Ag-anode Ab-cathode Forming PRECIPITIN line

In voltage facilitated double immunodiffusion, double reactants are moving in

Counter Immunoelectrophoresis is used to determine_in fluid

Used to differentiate the immunoglobulin class identify abnormal proteins myeloma proteins and monitor purity of pharmaceutical products

What is being asked in classic immuno electrophoresis

The fastest protein that may migrate to the anode in classic immunoelectrophoresis

The slowest protein that may migrate to the cathode in classic immunoelectrophoresis

Protein that has the greatest concentration in the human body

What is increase in multiple myeloma patients

What is form when light change abnormally spike in multiple myeloma patient

Gamma globulin is also known as