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1
The study of the molecules, cells, organs, and systems responsible for the recognition and disposal of foreign (nonself) materials
IMMUNOLOGY
2
Considered as foreign substances a.k.a Antigens
NONSELF
3
The body can’t discriminate self from non-self.
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
4
Diagnostic examination of blood serum and other body fluids with regards to the response of the immune system to pathogens.
SEROLOGY
5
Condition of being resistant to infection
IMMUNITY
6
the phenomenon in which exposure to one infectious agent produces protection against another agent
CROSS IMMUNITY
7
Substance that stimulates antibody formation and has the ability to bind to an antibody
ANTIGEN
8
Does not have the ability to induce immune response
ANTIGEN
9
Any substance capable of inducing an immune response
IMMUNOGEN
10
does not have the capability of inducing an immune response
ANTIGEN
11
A substance specifically binds to antibodies or a cell surface receptors of B cells and T cells
ANTIGEN
12
Normally proteins and large polysaccharides
IMMUNOGEN
13
are large polysaccharides are considered the most powerful immunogens
PROTEIN
14
are considered weak immunogens
LIPID, NUCLEIC ACID
15
A low molecular weight, nonantigenic substance that, when combined with an antigen, changes the antigenic specificity of that antigen
HAPTEN
16
The leaves of poison ivy contain
PENTADECYLCATECHOL
17
A glycoprotein substance (immunoglobin) that is produced by B lymphocytes in response to an antigen
ANTIBODY
18
where types of immunoglobulins differ from one another
VARIABLE REGION
19
produced by the body’s immune system against “self” antigens
AUTOANTIBODY
20
formed in response to antigens from individuals of the same species
ALLOANTIBODY
21
part of an antigen that reacts specifically with an antibody or T-cell receptor
EPITOPE
22
the clumping of particulate antigens by antibodies specific for the antigens.?
AGGLUTINATION
23
the tendency that an epitope has for combining with the antigen-binding site on an antibody molecule. Strength of a single antibody-antigen interaction
AFFINITY
24
strength of the bond between the antigen and the antibody. Strength of all interactions combined
AVIDITY
25
smallest amount of antigen or antibody that can be detected.
SENSITIVITY
26
ability of an antibody to bind to an antigen with complementary determinants and not to a antigen with dissimilar determinants.
SPECIFICITY
27
a highly sensitive and specific test used in laboratories
RADIOIMMUNOASSAY
28
group of proteins synthesized in mononuclear phagocytes, hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and some endothelial cells.
COMPLEMENT
29
a small peptide formed during complement activation that causes increased vascular permeability, contraction of smooth muscle, and release of histamine from basophils and mast cells.
ANAPHYLATOXIN
30
a life-threatening response to an allergen characterized by the systematic release of histamine
ANAPHYLAXIS
31
meaning “exempt,” is the source of the English word immunity, meaning the state of protection from infectious disease.
IMMUNIS
32
mentioned that the great plaque that swept through Athens and how those who survived it, including himself, could tend to the sick without worrying about catching it again.
THUCYDIDES
33
Chinese developed a practice of inhaling powder made from smallpox scabs in order to produce protection against this dreaded disease. • If a healthy individual was exposed as a child or young adult, the effects of the disease will be minimized.
VARIOLATION
34
practice of deliberately exposing an individual to material from smallpox lesions.?
VARIOLATION
35
discovered a remarkable relationship between exposure to cowpox and immunity to smallpox.
EDWARD JENNER
36
the Latin word for “cow”) - procedure of injecting cellular material.
VACCINATION
37
to make a pathogen less virulent through heat, aging or chemical means.
ATTENUATION
38
Discovered Antihistamines
DANIEL BOVET
39
He made an experiment, wherein he collected the spinal cords of the patients that died because of rabies. He dried the spinal cords and injected it to his patients. After 12 injections, the patients were protected against rabies.
LOUIS PASTEUR
40
identified Anthrax and created the Koch's postulate
ROBERT KOCH
41
proposed the antibody formation theory and developed a series of tissue staining dyes including …purple bacillus
PAUL EHRLICH
42
proposed the cellular theory of immunity, cell-eating and phagocytosis
ELLIE METCHNIKOFF
43
the most common Ig used for creating reagent antibody.
lgG
44
It is the predominant immunoglobulin in secretions such as tears, saliva, sweat, breast milk, and respiratory tract, genital, and intestinal secretions
lgA
45
exists as a monomer, and its function is unknown.
lgD
46
binds to crystallizable fragment (Fc) receptors on mast cells and basophils and is elevated during parasitic infections and Type I allergic reaction
lgE
47
is the predominant immunoglobulin in the adult. s. It is also the only immunoglobulin that crosses the placental barrier, thus transferring immunity from mother to infant.
lgG
48
is the largest of the immunoglobulins, existing as a pentamer. It is the first immunoglobulin to be produced after exposure to an antigen
lgM
49
Father of Immunology.
LOUIS PASTEUR
50
Phagocytosis
HAECKEL
51
Live, attenuated chicken cholera and anthrax vaccines
LOUIS PASTEUR
52
Therapeutic vaccination; First report of live "attenuated" vaccine for rabies
LOUIS PASTEUR
53
Humoral theory of immunity proposed
VON BEHRING KITASATA
54
Demonstration of cutaneous hypersensitivity
ROBERT KOCH
55
Development of polio vaccine
SALK, SABIN
56
Hypothesis of antigen- antibody binding
MARRACK
57
Produced as different classes of immunoglobulins by many B-cell clones in response to an antigen
POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY
58
Antibodies produced in response to antigens from another species
HETEROANTIBODY
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