Enterobacteriaceae Part 1

91問 • 2年前

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Facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, Gram-negative bacilli

Enterobacteriaciae

All members of the Family Enterobacteriaceae are motile at 35 degree cent. with peritrichous flagella except for ________, __________ and __________.

Klebsiella, Shigella and Yersinia

All members of the Family Enterobacteriaceae are _____________ except for Klebsiella and Enterobacter

non-encapsulated

True/False: All members of the Family Enterobacteriaceae ferment glucose and reduce nitrate to nitrite.

True

Most of the members of the Family Enterobacteriaceae are present in the Intestinal tract as commensal microbiota except for:

Plesiomonas, Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia

They may grow at 1 to 5 degree cent.

Serratia and Yersinia

Describe the appearance of Enterobacteriaceae under the microscope

Gram-negative rods or coccobacilli with rounded ends

All members of the Family Enterobacteriaceae are Catalase (+) and Oxidase (-) except for _______________________.

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Common genera in the Family Enterobacteriaceae

Citrobacter Enterobacter Escherichia Klebsiella Morganella Pantoea Proteus Providencia Salmonella Serratia Shigella Yersinia Plesiomonas

What are the two groups of Enterobacteria?

Oppurtunistic pathogens Overt/True pathogens

They are part of the intestinal microbiota of both humans and animals and generally do not initiate disease in healthy, uncompromised human hosts. But they produce significant virulent factors.

Opportunistic pathogens

Give examples of Opportunistic pathogens

Escherichia coli Citrobacter Enterobacter Klebsiella Proteus Serratia

They are present as commensal microbiota of the human GIT and are acquired through ingestion of contaminated food or water. Their presence in specimens is considered as very significant.

Overt/ True pathogens

Give examples of Overt/ True pathogens

Salmonella Shigella Yersinia pestis

They are ESBL - producing enterobacteria

Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Klebsiella oxytoca

They are isolated from the urinary tract and can cause bacteremia

Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Proteus mirabilis

They are antibiotic-resistant genera

Citrobacter Enterobacter Serratia

They are associated with diarrhoea

Shigella Salmonella Escherichia coli Yersinia

What are the antigen-determinants for Serological Identification of Enterobacteria?

Somatic O antigen Flagellar H antigen Capsular K antigen

Heat stable; located in the cell wall; used for E. coli and Shigella serotyping.

Somatic O antigen

Heat labile; found in the flagellum; used for Salmonella serotyping.

Flagellar H antigen

Heat labile; polysaccharide; found as K1 antigen of E. coli and Vi antigen of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi.

Capsular K antigen

Associated Infections/Diseases with Escherichia coli

Bacteriuria Septicemia Neonatal sepsis Meningitis Diarrheal syndrome

Associated Infections/Diseases with Shigella

Diarrhea Dysentery

Associated Infections/Diseases with Edwardsiella

Diarrhea Wound infection Septicemia Meningitis Enteric fever

Associated Infections/Diseases with Salmonella

Septicemia Enteric fever Diarrhea

Associated Infections/Diseases with Citrobacter

Opportunistic and Nosocomial infections

Associated Infections/Diseases with Klebsiella

Bacteriuria Pneumonia Septicemia

Associated Infections/Diseases with Morganella

Opportunistic and Nosocomial infections

Associated Infections/Diseases with Enterobacter, Serratia, Proteus and Providencia

Opportunistic and Nosocomial infections Wound infections Bacteriuria Septicemia

Associated Infections/Diseases with Yersinia pestis

Plague

Associated Infections/Diseases with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterolitica

Mesenteric adenitis Diarrhea

Associated Infections/Diseases with Erwinia

Wound that are contaminated with soil

It is also known as Colon bacillus

Escherichia coli

It is the most significant species in the genus Escherichia

Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli -Most significant species in the genus Escherichia -It has the _________ and _____________.

Sex pili adhesive fimbriae

Describe Escherichia coli in MAC

Colonies appear flat and dry, and exhibit a pink color (lactose fermenter or LF); some strains may be non-lactose fermenters or NLF.

Describe Escherichia coli in BAP

Most strains are non- haemolytic; some strains are β-haemolytic

Describe Escherichia coli in EMB

Exhibits a greenish metallic sheen

What are the Virulence factors of Escherichia coli?

Endotoxin Common pili Kl antigen Intimin

What are the antigenic determinants of Escherichia coli?

O antigens H antigens K antigens

What does IMViC stands for?

(Indole, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer and citrate)

What are the Biochemical test done in Escherichia coli?

IMViC TSIA reaction

What is the result for TSIA reaction of Escherichia coli?

A/A ( acidic slant/acidic butt), (+) gas, (-) H2S

It is formerly called E. coli atypical or enteric group H and has been isolated from CSF, wounds, and blood.

Escherichia hermanii

What is the appearance of Escherichia hermanii in Culture?

Have yellow pigmentation

Enterotoxigenic E. coli only grows on ______.

BAP

Verotoxin I is similar to the __________ that is produced by Shigella dysenteriae 1.

Shiga toxin

_________ causes damage to the kidney (Vero) cells of the African green monkey.

Verotoxin

They are usually found in the GIT of humans and animals. And colonies exhibit pink color in MAC.

Klebsiella

Give atleast two species of Klebsiella

Klebsiella pneumonia subsp.pneumonia Klebsiella oxytoca Klebsiella pneumonia subsp. ozaenae Klebsiella pneumonia subsp. rhinoscleromatis Klebsiella ornithinolytica

Describe the appearance of Klebsiella in MAC

Colonies exhibits a pink color

What is the other name for Klebsiella pneumonia subsp.pneumoniae?

Friedlander's bacillus

What is the virulence factor of Klebsiella pneumonia subsp.pneumoniae?

Polysaccharide capsule

Most commonly isolated species of Klebsiella( answer with its other name)

Friedlander's bacillus

Causative agent of a community-acquired pneumonia, afflicted patients cough up a “ currant jelly-like” sputum.

Klebsiella pneumonia subs.pneumoniae

Describe the appearance of Klebsiella pneumonia subsp.pneumoniae in MAC

Colonies exhibit a pink color and are mucoid ( LF)

What is the differential test for Klebsiella pneumonia subs.pneumoniae?

(+) string test

Result of Neufeld- Quellung test for Klebsiella pneumonia subs.pneumoniae

Positive

Result of Growth on media with potassium cyanide (KCN) for Klebsiella pneumonia subs.pneumoniae

Positive

Result of IMViC reaction for Klebsiella pneumonia subs.pneumoniae

--++

Result of TSIA reaction for Klebsiella pneumonia subs.pneumoniae

A/A, (+) gas (-)H2S

What species of Klebsiella are Indole positive?

Klebsiella oxytoca Klebsiella ornithinolytica

This specie of Klebsiella causes a granuloma of the nose and oropharynx.

Klebsiella pneumonia subsp. rhinoscleromatis

This specie of Klebsiella is the causative agent of chronic atrophic rhinitis which is also known as the “foul-smelling” atrophic rhinitis

Klebsiella pneumonia subsp. ozaenae

What are the differential tests for commonly isolated Klebsiella species?

Indole Methyl red Urease Lysine decarboxylase Gelatin liquefaction(LDC) Growth in KCN Alginate utilization

Resemble those of Klebsiella when grown on a MacConkey agar.

Enterobacter

Describe Enterobacter in MAC

Colonies exhibit color and are sometimes mucoid(LF)

What are the common isolates of Enterobacter?

Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae

What are the significant species of the genus Enterobacter?

Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter gergoviae Enterobacter bormaechei

What are the Biochemical test for Enterobacter?

Ornithine decarboxylase test Lysine decarboxylase(LDC) test Sorbitol fermentation Urease test Malonate test IMViC reaction TSIA reaction

This specie of Enterobacter is found in respiratory samples and is rarely isolated from blood cultures.

Enterobacter gergoviae

This specie of Enterobacter is isolated with osteomyelitis following traumatic wounds

Enterobacter cancerogenus (formerly Enterobacter taylorae)

What are the differential tests for commonly isolated Enterobacter species?

Lysine decarboxylase Arginine dihydrolase Ornithine decarboxylase Urease Alginate utilization

Formerly known as Enterobacter sakazakii

Cronobacter sakazakii

-Found as contaminants of powdered infant formula -This is isolated from individuals with brain abscesses, and respiratory and wound infections.

Cronobacter

What are the media used in the culture of Cronobacter sakazakii?

MAC BHIA

Formerly known as Enterobacter agglomerans

Pantoea agglomerans

It causes nosocomial outbreaks of septicaemia due to contamination of IV Fluids

Pantoea

What is the result of the IMViC reaction for Pantoea?

-v+v

What is the result of the TSIA reaction for Pantoea?

K/A ( Alkaline slant/ Acidic butt), (-) gas, (-) H2S

-Opportunistic pathogens that are usually associated with nosocomial outbreaks -Resistant to a wide range of antibiotics

Serratia

Describe the appearance of Serratia in MAC

Colonies are clear and colorless (NLF); some strains may show slow or late lactose fermentation.

What are the Biochemical test(+) for Serratia?

Dnase Gelatinase Lipase ONPG

What are the diff species of the genus Serratia?

Serratia marcescens Serratia odorifera Serratia rubidaea Serratia liquefaciens Serratia plymuthica

What is the result of TSIA reaction for Serratia?

K/A, (+) gas,(-) H2S

What is the result of the IMViC reaction for Serratia?

--++

These species of Serratia produces pink to red colonies ( due to the production of prodigiosin pigments) after incubation at 25 degree cent.

Serratia marcescens Serratia rubidaea Serratia liquifaciens Serratia plymuthica

This specie of Serratia has a musty and pungent odor or a “rotten potato-like” odor

Serratia odorifera

This specie of Serratia ferments arabinose and exhibits growth in a culture medium with KCN

Serratia liquefaciens

Five major categories of diarrheagenic E. coli

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) Enteroadherent Escherichia coli (EAEC)

Translation(Pre-finals)

MAHATHIR ALPHA · 55問 · 2年前

Translation(Pre-finals)