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1
Type of infection that develops and progresses slowly
Acute infection
2
Microbes that are transmitted through Congenital Contact
Streptococcus agalactiae , Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum
3
Types of Host-microbe Relationship
Symbiosis, Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism
4
It is a symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit from each other.
Mutualism
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These organisms normally do not cause diseases in their natural habitat in healthy person. They cause diseases if the host is immunocompromised or if they enter a different part of the body.
Opportunistic pathogens
6
It is the association of two organisms living in close proximity.
Symbiosis
7
This type of infection is an infection that occurs as the result of some medical treatment or procedure
Iatrogenic infection
8
It is a condition wherein pus-producing organisms reapetedly invade the bloodstream and become localized at different parts of the body.
Pyremia
9
Tooth infection, tonsillitis, appendicitis and wound infections are caused by what?
Clostridium tetani
10
This type of infection is an infection that affects immunocompromised host but not the individual with a normal immune system
Opportunistic infection
11
What are the 4 common types of Nosocomial Infections?
Urinary tract infection, Lung infection, Surgical site infection, Blood stream infection
12
These are subjective indications of the disease in a person. Examples are pain and malaise.
Symptoms
13
The peak of characteristic signs and symptoms of an infection or a disease.
Clinical or illness period
14
It results when the infection produces notable changes in the human physiology, specifically those that cause damage to the body's organ system
Disease
15
This is a disease that affects populations across large regions around the world.
Pandemic disease
16
Give examples of Opportunistic pathogens
Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli
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It is a relationship in which one organism (parasite) benefits at the expense of its host.
Parasitism
18
Give an example of primary infection
Common cold
19
Give an example of Mixed infection
Wound infection
20
Give some examples of Focal Infection.
Tooth infection, Tonsillitis, Appendicitis, Wound infection
21
Microbes transmitted through hand to hand transmission
Rhinovirus
22
"memory cell" of the immune system
B- lymphocyte
23
This type of infection starts as an local infection before spreading to the other parts of the body.
Focal infection
24
True/False: Organisms invade the bloodstream with Active Multiplication
False
25
The period in which the signs and symptoms begin to subside as the host's condition improves.
Decline period
26
Give an example of Latent infection
Asymptomatic type polio infection
27
This type of disease does not spread from one host to another. And caused by external microbes or by opportunistic pathogens living in the body.
Non-communicable disease
28
Active multiplication of the invading bacteria in the blood
Septicemia
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It is a group of signs and symptoms that are associated with a disease. Example is AIDS.
Syndrome
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This type of disease occurs ocassionally
Sporadic disease
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In this phase of infectious disease, the signs and symptoms would appear
Prodromal period
32
It is an infection caused by two or more organisms
Mixed infection
33
What are the types of Infection according to Host Distribution?
Local infection, Focal infection, Systemic infection
34
This type of infection is caused by a microorganism from the microbiota of the host.
Autogenous infection
35
Give examples of Non-communicable disease
Tetanus, Botulism
36
Give the routes of infections through Direct Transmission
Congenital contact, Sexual contact, Infectious respiratory secretions, Hand to hand transmission
37
True/False: The highest concentration of bacteria in the blood occurs before the fever spikes.
True
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In this type of infection, the microbes spread throughout the body through the blood or lymph.
Systemic infection
39
It still considered as the cornerstone of modern infection control programs
Handwashing
40
A specific illness or disorder that is characterized by a recognizable signs and symptoms which are attributable to heredity, infection, and environment.
Disease
41
This type of disease is constantly present in a particular location or population.
Endemic disease
42
Give the 2 General Classes of Pathogenic Microorganisms
True pathogen, Opportunistic pathogens
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It is the bodily invasion of pathogenic microorganisms that reproduce, multiply, and then cause diseases through local cellular injury, toxin secretion or antigen-antibody reaction in the host.
Infection
44
In this type of infection, the signs and symptoms are confined in one area.
Local infection
45
An infection which develops slowly with milder but long lasting symptoms
Chronic infection
46
It is a relationship in which one organism benefits while there is no beneficial or harmful effect to the other.
Commensalism
47
Microbes that are transmitted through Infectious respiratory secretions or droplets.
Streptococcus pyogenes, Neisseria meningitidis
48
These are objective changes that can be measured. Examples are fever, redness, swelling, and paralysis
Signs
49
Example of an Acute infection
Whooping cough
50
Microbes that are transmitted through sexual contact
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum
51
Give an example of chronic infection
Tuberculosis
52
Give the routes of infections through Indirect Transmission
Fomites, Water, Arthropod vectors
53
Give some examples of Local Infection.
Infected wounds, Boils, Abscesses
54
It is an infection caused by opportunistic pathogens after the primary infection has weakened the host's immune system
Secondary infection
55
What are the types of systematic infections?
Bacteremia, Septicemia, Pyremia
56
Give examples of secondary infections
Pneumonia, Bronchitis
57
The time between the exposure to a pathogenic organism and the onset of symptoms.
Incubation period
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What are the Predisposing factors to Nosocomial Infection?
Wide variety of microbes in the hospital environment, Weakened or immuno compromised patients
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Chain of transmission of Nosocomial Infection
From health worker to patients, From patients to patients, Use of fomites, Airborne transmission, Vector-borne transmission
60
This type of disease is a disease that affects a large number of people in a population within a short period of time
Epidemic disease
61
List down the Classification of Disease According to Occurence
Sporadic disease, Endemic disease, Epidemic disease, Pandemic disease
62
List down the Classification of Infectious Diseases
Communicable disease, Non-communicable disease
63
These organisms are able to invade the tissues of healthy individuals through some inherent ability causing various diseases. normally found outside the host.
True pathogen
64
List down the Predisposing Factors of Diseases
Gender, Genetic factors, Climate and weather, Nutrition, Fatigue/stress, Environment, Lifestyle, Age, Occupation
65
The Phases of Infectious Disease
Incubation period, Prodromal period, Clinical period or illness period, Decline period, Convalescence or the period of recovery
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It involves the growth and multiplication of microorganisms that causes damage to the host.
Infection
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What are the extent of Infection?
Primary infection, Secondary infection, Latent infection, Mixed infection, Acute infection, Chronic infection
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This type of disease spreads from one host to another, either directly or indirectly.
Communicable disease
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Development of an infection and disease
Pathogenesis
70
It is a complex interaction between the host, indwelling device, and bacteria and is a key component in bacterial pathogenesis.
Biofilm production
71
Give examples of Communicable diseases.
Tuberculosis, Herpes, Flu, Chicken pox
72
What are the types of Infection according to the Cause?
Autogenous infection, Iatrogenic infection, Opportunistic infection, Nosocomial infection
73
It pertains to the ability of a pathogenic agent to produce a disease in a susceptible individual.
Pathogenicity
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The period in which the surviving host is recuperating towards full recovery.
Convalescence or the period of recovery
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It is an infection which is clinically silent inside the body and causes no noticable illness in the host. Then severe and acute infraction manifest.
Latent infection
76
This type of infection is also known as the hospital- acquired infection and is a acquired at a healthcare facility
Nosocomial infection
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The presence of bacteria in blood
Bacteremia
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It is the initial infection that causes the illness
Primary infection