Development of an infection and disease

It involves the growth and multiplication of microorganisms that causes damage to the host.

It is the bodily invasion of pathogenic microorganisms that reproduce, multiply, and then cause diseases through local cellular injury, toxin secretion or antigen-antibody reaction in the host.

What are the types of Infection according to the Cause?

This type of infection is caused by a microorganism from the microbiota of the host.

This type of infection is an infection that occurs as the result of some medical treatment or procedure

This type of infection is an infection that affects immunocompromised host but not the individual with a normal immune system

This type of infection is also known as the hospital- acquired infection and is a acquired at a healthcare facility

It still considered as the cornerstone of modern infection control programs

What are the 4 common types of Nosocomial Infections?

What are the Predisposing factors to Nosocomial Infection?

Chain of transmission of Nosocomial Infection

What are the types of Infection according to Host Distribution?

In this type of infection, the signs and symptoms are confined in one area.

This type of infection starts as an local infection before spreading to the other parts of the body.

In this type of infection, the microbes spread throughout the body through the blood or lymph.

What are the types of systematic infections?

The presence of bacteria in blood

True/False: Organisms invade the bloodstream with Active Multiplication

True/False: The highest concentration of bacteria in the blood occurs before the fever spikes.

Active multiplication of the invading bacteria in the blood

It is a condition wherein pus-producing organisms reapetedly invade the bloodstream and become localized at different parts of the body.

What are the extent of Infection?

It is the initial infection that causes the illness

Give an example of primary infection

It is an infection caused by opportunistic pathogens after the primary infection has weakened the host's immune system

Give examples of secondary infections

It is an infection which is clinically silent inside the body and causes no noticable illness in the host. Then severe and acute infraction manifest.

Give an example of Latent infection

It is an infection caused by two or more organisms

Give an example of Mixed infection

Type of infection that develops and progresses slowly

Example of an Acute infection

An infection which develops slowly with milder but long lasting symptoms

Give an example of chronic infection

Give the routes of infections through Direct Transmission

Microbes that are transmitted through Congenital Contact

Microbes that are transmitted through sexual contact

Microbes that are transmitted through Infectious respiratory secretions or droplets.

Microbes transmitted through hand to hand transmission

Give the routes of infections through Indirect Transmission

A specific illness or disorder that is characterized by a recognizable signs and symptoms which are attributable to heredity, infection, and environment.

It results when the infection produces notable changes in the human physiology, specifically those that cause damage to the body's organ system

List down the Classification of Infectious Diseases

This type of disease spreads from one host to another, either directly or indirectly.

Give examples of Communicable diseases.

This type of disease does not spread from one host to another. And caused by external microbes or by opportunistic pathogens living in the body.

Give examples of Non-communicable disease

List down the Classification of Disease According to Occurence

This type of disease occurs ocassionally

This type of disease is constantly present in a particular location or population.

This type of disease is a disease that affects a large number of people in a population within a short period of time

This is a disease that affects populations across large regions around the world.

These are objective changes that can be measured. Examples are fever, redness, swelling, and paralysis

These are subjective indications of the disease in a person. Examples are pain and malaise.

It is a group of signs and symptoms that are associated with a disease. Example is AIDS.

The Phases of Infectious Disease

The time between the exposure to a pathogenic organism and the onset of symptoms.

In this phase of infectious disease, the signs and symptoms would appear

The peak of characteristic signs and symptoms of an infection or a disease.

The period in which the signs and symptoms begin to subside as the host's condition improves.

The period in which the surviving host is recuperating towards full recovery.

List down the Predisposing Factors of Diseases

Give the 2 General Classes of Pathogenic Microorganisms

Give examples of Opportunistic pathogens

These organisms are able to invade the tissues of healthy individuals through some inherent ability causing various diseases. normally found outside the host.

These organisms normally do not cause diseases in their natural habitat in healthy person. They cause diseases if the host is immunocompromised or if they enter a different part of the body.

Types of Host-microbe Relationship

It is the association of two organisms living in close proximity.

It is a symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit from each other.

It is a relationship in which one organism benefits while there is no beneficial or harmful effect to the other.

It is a relationship in which one organism (parasite) benefits at the expense of its host.

It is a complex interaction between the host, indwelling device, and bacteria and is a key component in bacterial pathogenesis.

It pertains to the ability of a pathogenic agent to produce a disease in a susceptible individual.

Give some examples of Focal Infection.

Tooth infection, tonsillitis, appendicitis and wound infections are caused by what?

Give some examples of Local Infection.

"memory cell" of the immune system