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1
What is the Enrichment media for V.cholerae?
Alkaline peptone water ( pH 8.5)
2
It was the etiologic agent of the outbreak of “summer diarrhea” in Japan in 1950
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
3
Second most common Vibrio species that is associated with gastroenteritis
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
4
What is the routes of transmission of Helicobacter?
Oral-oral route and Fecal-oral route
5
What is the transport medium for the culture of vibrio?
Cary-Blair medium
6
Known as the “ lactose-positive” Vibrio species
Vibrio vulnificus
7
-Species are found in fresh, estuarine, and chlorinated water -Not part of human microbiota and glucose fermenters
Aeromonas
8
What are the selective media used in in the culture of Campylobacter?
Campy-BAP Butzler agar Skirrow's medium CCDA
9
Result of Hanging drop preparation in the laboratory diagnosis of Campylobacter
Exhibits a darting motility
10
What is the hallmark of cholera?
Rice-watery stool (10-30 times of defecation per day)
11
Give out atleast 3 species of Helicobacter
Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter cinaedi Helicobacte fenneliae
12
What are the laboratory test for Vibrio?
Gram stain Culture String test Vibriostatic test Biochemical test
13
Vibrio species that is commonly isolated and is considered as the least pathogenic to humans
Vibrio alginolyticus
14
V. cholerae O1 caused ____________, while non-O1 strain causes ____________.
Epidemic cholera Gastroenteritis
15
Describe the appearance of Vibrio under the microscope
Gram-negative, short, curved, asporogenous rods.
16
Agar dilution using MHA with 5% sheep’s blood incubated at microaerophilic condition and read after 3 days
Susceptibility test
17
It is the causative agent of cholera
Vibrio cholerae
18
Not a human microbiota, facultatively anaerobic and monotrichous organisms.
Vibrio
19
What are the human infections caused by aeromonas?
Wound infection Septicemia Meningitis Keratitis
20
These species have been isolated from the blood of patients with bacteremia and recovered from blood of homosexual males with or without HIV
Helicobacter cinaedi Helicobacter fenneliae
21
What is the mode of acquision of Campylobacter?
Ingestion of poultry and dairy products and sexual transmission
22
Campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of what?
Bacterial gastroenteritis
23
What does Helicobacter pylori bind with?
Lewis antigen Monosaccharide sialic acid
24
Describe the flagella of Helicobacter
Monopolar or multi-bipolar flagella
25
It is the sensitive method of detecting H. pylori
Nucleic amplification
26
-They are slow-growing, fastidious and asaccharolytic organism -Has darting motility and is unable to grow with high salt concentration.
Campylobacter jejuni
27
-Motile with single polar flagellum and facultatively anaerobic -May cause traveller’s diarrhea similar to ETEC
Aeromonas
28
What is the transport medium used in the culture of Campylobacter?
Cary-Blair medium
29
What are the diseases/infections that can be caused by Vibrio?
Cholera Wound infection Septicemia Necrotizing facitiis
30
What are infections caused by Vibrio alginolyticus?
Eye infection Ear infection Wound infection
31
What is the common cause of cholera?
Vibrio cholera O1
32
Helicobacter pylori is susceptible to what?
Metronidazole
33
Give out atleast 3 species of Campylobacter
Campylobacter jejuni Campylobacter coli Campylobacter lari Campylobacter fetus Campylobacter sputorum
34
What are the stains for biopsy specimen in Helicobacter?
Warthin-starry stain Giemsa
35
Second to V. cholerae as the cause of a severe Vibrio-associated infections.
Vibrio vulnificus
36
Give out the Enteric CAMPYLOBACTER
Campylobacter jejuni Campylobacter coli Campylobacter lari
37
What is the primary habitat of Helicobacter pylori?
Human gastric mucosa
38
What is the best specimen for the culture of H. pylori?
Gastric tissue
39
Vibrio can be isolated from what?
Algae Plankton Fish Shellfish
40
This specie of Campylobacter causes bacteremia and is rarely associated with gastrointestinal illness
Campylobacter fetus
41
True/False: In the gram stain of Helicobacter, 0.1% basic fuchsin counterstain DOES NOT enhances morphology
False
42
What are the infections caused by Vibrio vulnificus?
Septicemia Wound infection
43
In the laboratory diagnosis of helicobacter, what is utilized for ammonia testing?
Urine specimen
44
What is the mode of acquisition of Vibrio?
Consumption of raw or undercooked seafood
45
It is the causative agent of “red leg” disease in amphibians
Aeromonas
46
What are the laboratory diagnosis for Helicobacter?
Gram stain Culture
47
What are the specimens used in the laboratory diagnosis of Helicobacter?
Gastric biopsy tissue Urine Feces Dental plaque
48
What is the selective medium for Vibrio parahaemolyticus?
Wagatsuma agar
49
It is an acute diarrheal infection that is mainly spread through contaminated water sources.
Cholera
50
Describe the flagella of Campylobacter
Single polar flagellum
51
What are the specimens used in the laboratory diagnosis of Campylobacter?
Feces Rectal swab Blood
52
Vibrio alginolyticus is a ____________ that requires a medium with 1% to 10% NaCl.
strict halophile
53
-Major cause of type B gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma -Found in the mucous layer of the antrum and fundus of the stomach but does not penetrate the gastric epithelium
Helicobacter pylori
54
What are the other tests for Helicobacter aside from culture and gram stain?
Nucleic amplification Susceptibility test Urea breath test
55
Describe the motility of Vibrio cholerae
Has a rapid darting or “ shooting star” motility
56
It is a protein toxin produced mainly by Vibrio cholerae O1 strain
Choleragen
57
What is the recommended counterstain for the microscopy of Campylobacter?
Carbolfuchsin
58
They are found in the mucous layer of the antrum and fundus of the stomach but does not penetrate the gastric epithelium
Helicobacter pylori
59
-Most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis -Causes septic arthritis among AIDS patients
Campylobacter jejuni
60
What are the Laboratory Diagnosis for Campylobacter?
Microscopy Culture
61
What are the common isolates of Vibrio?
Vibrio cholerae Vibrio parahaemolyticus Vibrio vulnificus Vibrio alginolyticus
62
Where can Vibrio be found?
Brackish water Marine water Salt water
63
Vibrio are halophilic organisms except for ___________________.
V. cholerae and V. mimicus
64
Describe Helicobacter under the microscope
Gram-negative, helical (S- shaped) rods that resemble campylobacter
65
In the culture of Helicobacter, how long should the incubation be in a capnophilic environment?
Helicobacters may require more than five days of incubation in a capnophilic environment.
66
What is the motility of Campylobacter jejuni?
Darting motility
67
What are the Culture media used in the Laboratory diagnosis of Vibrio?
MAC CAP TCBS agar Alkaline peptone water
68
What are the transport medium for the culture of Helicobacter?
Stuart medium Cysteine brucella broth with 20% glycerol Isotonic saline with 4% glucose
69
It is also known as Comma-shape or Curved bacillus
Vibrio
70
What is the optimum temperature for the growth of Campylobacter jejuni?
It is 42 degree celsius
71
True/False: Gastric tissue in the culture of Helicobacter pylori should be maintained at 4 deg.cent and processed within 2 hours of collection
True
72
What are the selective media used in Helicobacter?
BAP MTM Skirrow's agar Brucella agar with 5% sheep's blood