2 lobes of nucleus =35%

-The tissue component of the monocyte system -Larger than monocytes and measures 15-80um -Have irregular cell membrane, often with blebs and psuedopodia

Class IV and V are interpreted as what?

Giant platelets, Dohle-bodies like inclusions seen even in monocytes indicates what anomaly?

What is the Normal Index of Arneths and how it is obtained?

Increase in young forms accompanied by normal or low WBC-typhoid fever and TB

Where is toxic granulation found?

It refers to cancerous conditions involving WBCs and is named according to the abnormal WBC clone involved.

It is formed from the disintegration of eosinophils and is made up of lysophospholipase found cytoplasm of eosinophils.

Lymphocyte with tumor host defense

What makes up 60-80 percent of the lymphoid population?

5 lobes or more of nucleus (oldest)- 2%

Describe the nucleus of Macrophages

What are the Abnormal granulocyte morphology (acquired)?

What is Charcot-Leyden crystal made of?

Squash- degenerated nucleus of WBCs

Dense azurophilic granules, mucopolysaccharidoses indicates what anomaly?

Where are Hypersegmented Neutrophils found?

What are the Schillings normal values?

Short-lived lymphocyte with humoral-mediated immunity

It is the orderly production of mature granulocytes (N,E,B)

Class III are interpreted as what?

Increased in young forms with high WBC-acute infections like appendicitis and acute sepsis

•Heavy,coarse blue-black granules of BEN & sometimes lymphocytes & monocytes • Inherited condition • Associated with Hurler's syndrome & Hunter's syndrome

It refer to the detection of changes in numbers of circulating WBCs(percentage of each type). It indicates infection, poisoning, leukemia, chemotheraphy, parasites or allergy reactions.

Class I and II are interpreted as what?

What are the diff kinds of Clonal(neoplastic) disorders of WBC?

Increase in young forms

Charcot-Leyden crystal are seen in what conditions?

What does monocytes secretes that activates helper cells?

rod-like structure seen in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts, diagnostic for Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML)

What are the stages of Monocyte production?

4 lobes of nucleus=17%

•Increase in Classes IV and V or the mature and old forms -Congenital hypersegmentation, liver disease, pernicious anemia, sprue and steatorrhea

Abnormally low WBC count---- drug induced

•Large azurophilic granules •Caused by: -Infections -Serious burns -Septicemia -drug poisoning

Where is Chediak-Higashi Syndrome (Autosomal recessive disorder) found?

What makes up 10-20 percent of the lymphoid population?

Abnormal High count of WBC count may be due to:

How are neutrophils classified according to their granulations?

•Degeneration of cytoplasm begins to acquire holes or as result of active phagocytosis •May reflect increased lysosomal activity •Found in: -septicemia -severe infection

-Neutrophils with six or more lobed nucleus -Represents an abnormality in maturation of neutrophil -Acquired (in megaloblastic erythropoiesis) or inherited (Undritz anomaly) • Found in: pernicious anemia

Failure of normal segmentation of nucleus, bi-lobed nucleus or stab forms only, "pince-nez nucleus" indicates what anomaly?

3 lobes of nucleus=41%

• Result from condensing of nuclear chromatin into a solid structure mass with no pattern • Not counted in differential cell count

It is highly contagious viral disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus; excessive # of agranulocytes; fatigue, sore throat, recover in a few weeks

Where is Vacuolated neutrophil found?

What are the Classes under Arneths?

One round or indented nucleus (blasts) =5%

Long lived lymphocyte (4-10 years) with cellular-mediated immunity

What are the functions of Monocytes and Macrophages?

Its major function is to provide defense against helmenthic parasites and it has a role in allergic reactions by lessening hypersensitivity reactions through the release of an amine oxidase, which neutralizes histamine.

What is the maturation sequence of Granulocytes?

What are the stages of lymphocyte?

• Dark blue-black cytoplasmic granules in neutrophil •Thought as primary granules • Show inc.alkaline phosphatase activity Found in: -acute infections -drug poisoning -burns

It is the Major basic CHON -arginine- rich protein that plays a major role in killing parasites

-Indicates failure of neutrophil to segment properly -Bi-lobed nucleus; chromatin is coarsely clumped -May be inherited or acquired (as in leukemias) -Heterozygous for this char.shows numerous bi- lobed (dumbell shape); homozygous-round neutrophil

When there is fat-containing vacuoles in WBC cytoplasm, Ichthyosis

A high number of WBCs is called as what?

What are the stages of Plasma cells?

•INCREASE- I & II OR YOUNG FORMS -acute infection, acidosis, leukemia, malignant tumor, MI, severe hemorrhage

•Disintegrating nucleus of ruptured WBC

• Autosomal dominant trait •m, blue-gray Döhle bodies •Aggregates of mRNA •Leukopenia •Thrombocytopenia •Giant platelets

What makes up 10 percent of the lymphoid population?

Increased in mature and old forms-pernicious anemia

-Sex chromatin -Represents the second X chromosome in females (2-3% of neutrophils in females) -Small, well-defined,round projection of nuclear chromatin -These cells are not found in normal males

•Rare,fatal disorder found in children • Inherited as an autosomal recessive char. • Contain very large,reddish- purple or greenish-gray staining granules in the cytoplasm of granulocytes • In monocytes & lymphocytes, stain bluish-purple •These granules represent abnormal lysosomes Found in: -anemia -neutropenia -thrombocytopenia

• Can be seen occasionally in normal peripheral blood smear Larger than normal neutrophils and generally hyperlobulated • Found in frequency of 1 in every 20,000 neutrophils but increase in disease states