Collection is timed or scheduled for a particular due to the needs of the situation, tests and substance being determined.

This are considered as the functional units of the kidney

Regulates blood and tissue fluid activity

Increased urine volume at night

True/False: The more fluid intake, the greater the urine volume

Volume of the blood which passes through the kidneys

Volume of Creatinine in urine

Major inorganic constituent of Urine

Specimen used for pregnancy test and routine screening?

Volume of Chloride in Urine

Volume of Phosphate in urine

Empty the bladder at 8 am before eating breakfast. The first sample at 8 am is discarded and all sample are voided until 8 pm.

Abnormal increase of Urine volume(greater than 2500 ml/24hrs)

The patient should be instructed to collect the specimen immediately on arising and to deliver it to the laboratory within 2 hours

Product of creatinine metabolism by muscles

Major organic constituent of Urine

Approximately how many percent of the blood leaves the left ventricle of the heart enters the kidneys by the way of renal arteries.

It is secreted by adrenal cortex and cause an increase in the reabsorption of Na

Involuntary voiding of urine at night.

Volume of Urea in the Urine

Normal volume of urine

Decrease of volume of urine(less than 500 ml/24hrs)

It is usually seen in the state of dehydration and is often associated with acute nephritis and shock

It is secreted by posterior pituitary gland and helps in regulating the reabsorption of water in the distal tubules

Product of nucleic acid breakdown in food and cells

The average daily urine output

Used for Diabetic monitoring/screening, Specimen will not contain any metabolites from food ingested before the beginning of the fasting period.

It is the complete suppression of urine formation and may result from any serious damage to the kidneys or from a decrease in the flow of blood to the kidney.

Volume of Potassium in urine

Formed element which may be found in urine:

It indicates lipid droplets contained in the cell

It is often associated w/ diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus; or the use of diuretics, caffeine, or alcohol w/c suppress the excretion of ADH

How many Nephrons are present in each kidneys?

How many filtered plasma is/are converted to urine daily?

Specimen collected between 2pm and 6pm because the substance you are after can be evaluated more accurately at these hours. (ex., urobilinogen is best evaluated from specimens obtained between 2 and 4pm)

Metabolic waste product produced by the liver from the breakdown of protein and amino acids.

How long would the the Nephrons in the kidneys if they were straighten out?

Volume of Uric acid in urine

Volume of Ammonium in urine

Most commonly received specimen because of its easy collection and convenience for the patient.

Combines with chloride, sulfate and phosphate

Combines with sodium to buffer the blood

Volume of filtered plasma on the glomerulus

Nephrons are composed of:

Effects of the Endocrine system

Deficiency of Vasopressin results in?

Volume of Calcium in urine

Soft, clear plastic bags with hypoallergenic skin adhesive to attach to the genital area of the both boys and girls are available for collecting routine specimens

Pathways in Urine formation

Volume of Sodium in urine

It is secreted by the kidneys and it stimulates the production of erythrocytes