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問題一覧
1
They are used to control growth of microbes on both living tissue and inanimate objects.
Chemical agents
2
What is a common problems to disinfection?
Selection of an agent
3
True/False: Most chemical agents merely reduce the microbial population to safe levels or remove vegetative forms from objects.
True
4
What are the Principles of Effective Disinfection?
Read the label, Nature of material being disinfected, Disinfectant effect
5
They are chemical substances that applied to non-living objects or surfaces to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
Disinfectants
6
They prevent the spreading of germs and bacteria to people by sterilizing the surfaces where they are applied.
Disinfectants
7
Give an example of disinfectant that are used in healthcares and hospitals to clean surgery tools and rooms.
Hydrogen peroxide
8
Give some common disinfectants.
Alcohols, Oxidizing agents, Bleaches
9
They are largely used in homes for cleaning bathrooms, kitchens and floor.
Disinfectants
10
True/False: Disinfectant eliminate all the microorganisms.
False
11
They are chemical agents used to destroy or prevent the growth of microorganisms that could cause infections and diseases.
Antiseptics
12
They are applied on broken skins to kill disease-causing microorganisms that might have infected the area or keep them away from these areas. .
Antiseptics
13
They are applied on living tissues with zero injurious effect on the body surface where it is applied
Antiseptics
14
It may also act as sanitizer for cleaning hands to remove bacteria when a person cannot wash hands.
Antiseptics
15
Read and type YES if done
YES
16
What are the chemical methods that are use to control microbial growth?
Phenol, Alcohol, Halogen, Oxidizing agents, Surfactants, Heavy metals, Aldehydes, Gaseous agents, Antimicrobials
17
It is also know as carbolic acid is used in original surgical antiseptic.
Phenol
18
It is used in disinfectants, antiseptics and solvent in tincture
Alcohol
19
Give example of halogens that are used to control microbial growth
Iodine, Chlorine, Bromine
20
They are used in disinfectants, antiseptics and water purification.
Halogens
21
Their mechanism of action is to denature proteins and distrupt cell membrane.
Phenol, Alcohol, Halogen
22
Examples of oxidizing agents that are used to control microbial growth
Peroxides, Ozone
23
Give examples of Heavy metals that are used to control microbial growth
Arsenic, Mercury, Silver , Copper
24
Give examples of aldehydes that are used to control microbial growth
Formaldehyde, Glutaraldehyde
25
Give example of gaseous agents that are used to control microbial growth
Ethylene oxide
26
They are used in disinfectants, antiseptics for deep wound, water purification and sterilization of food processing and medical equipments.
Oxidizing agents
27
They are used in soaps, degerming reagents, antiseptics.
Surfactants
28
They are used in Fungistat in paints, silver nitrate cream, surgical dressing, burn cream and catheter.
Heavy metals
29
What is the mechanism of action of Oxidizing agent?
Denature protein by oxidation
30
What is the mechanism of action of Surfacants?
Decrease surface tension of water and disrupt cell membranes
31
These chemical methods have the same mechanism of action which is to denature protein.
Heavy metals, Aldehydes, Gaseous agents
32
They are used in Disinfectant and embalming fluid
Aldehydes
33
They are used in the sterilization of heat and water sensitive objects
Gaseous agents
34
They are used in disinfectants and treatment of infectious diseases
Antimicrobials
35
Its mechanism of action is to act against cell wall, cell membranes, protein synthesis and DNA replication.
Antimicrobials
36
What are the two actions of microbial control agents?
Alteration of membrane permeability, Damage to protein and nucleic acids
37
It is the target of many microbial agents
Plasma membrane
38
It actively regulates the passage of nutrients into the cell and the elimination of wastes from the cell.
Plasma membrane
39
True/False: Damage to the lipids and proteins of the plasma membrane by antimicrobial agents causes cellular contents to leak into the surrounding medium and interferes with the growth of the cell.
True
40
True/False: The hydrogen bonds of proteins is NOT susceptible to heat, breakage results to denaturation of the protein.
False
41
They are sometimes thought of as a little bags of enzymes which are primarily proteins and are vital to all cellular activities.
Bacteria
42
These nucleic acids are the carriers of the cell's genetic information
DNA, RNA
43
What would happen to the cell if the RNA and DNA is damage by heat, radiation and chemicals?
The cell can no longer replicate nor carry its normal metabolic functions
44
Common name for Sodium Hypochlorite
Bleach
45
This materials can invade sterile tissues and can produce infection if not treated well.
Critical materials
46
This materials may have made contact with the mucous membrane
Semi-critical materials
47
Intermediate to low level of disinfection should be done with this material before contact with the skin.
Non-critical material
48
A disinfectant with an activity against bacterial endospores.
High-level disinfectant
49
This type of disinfectant has a tuberculosidal activity but not endosporericidal activity.
Intermediate level disinfectant
50
This type of disinfectant have activity towards other microorganisms but have no endospore or tuberculosidal activity.
Low-level disinfectant
51
Room temperature
20 to 60 degrees celsius
52
What is the most effective method of sterilization?
Autoclaving
53
Boiling temperature
100 degrees celsius
54
Hot air oven temperature
170 to 180 degree celsius
55
What physical methods provides disinfection but not sterilization?
Boiling, Pasteurization
56
It is commonly used in sterilized glassware.
Dry heat
57
It filters microorganisms less than 0.3 microns.
High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter
58
What are the different Categorized Medical materials?
Critical materials, Semi critical materials, Noncritical materials