Streptococcus Part 1

MAHATHIR ALPHA · 55問 · 2年前

通報

問題一覧

Indigenous human microbiota, but can cause life-threatening infections if access to normally sterile sites is gained.

Family Streptococcacea

All Streptococcus are facultative anaerobes except for what?

Peptostreprococci

Some species are ___________ and thus require an increased consumption of CO2 for growth

Capnophilic

True/False: Growth of Family Streptococcaceae is enhanced by blood, serum or glucose incorporated in the agar plate

True

All streptococci except the ______________ and _______________ are included in the Lancefield classification.

Viridans group, Streptococcus pneumonia

How do Streptococcus looks like under the microscope?

Gram positive spherical cells that are arranged in chains or pairs

How do Streptococcus looks like in Culture Media?

Colonies appear grayish, pinpoint, and translucent to slightly opaque while some species have mucoid colonies.

Reaction of Family Streptococcaceae

This classification of Streptococci is based on temperature requirement.

Academic/Bergey's Classification

- Will neither grow at 10°C nor at 45 °C, but only at 37 C - Mostly has ẞ-haemolytic reactions -S.pyogenes, groups C and G streptocococci

Pyogenic group

Give out the Academuc/Bergey's Classification of Streptococci

Pyogenic group, Viridans group, Lactic group, Enterococcus group

This group is formerly streptococci

Enterococcus group

What are the species under Pyogenic group?

S. pyogenes, Group C and G Streptococci

What are the species under Viridans group

Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarus

-Will grow both at 45 °C and 37°C -Not part of the Lancefield group and maybe a-haemolytic or non-haemolytic -Indigenous microbiota in the upper respiratory tract of humans -Some may have the A, C,G, or N Lancefield antigen

Viridans group

This specie of streptococci causes coagulation or souring of milk

Streptococcus lactis

-Will grow at 10°C to 37°C -Non-haemolytic and has a Lancefield N antigen -Often found in dairy products

Lactic group

What is/are the specie/s under Lactic group?

Streptococcus lactis

What is/are the specie/s under Enterococcus group?

Enterococcus faecalis

-Will grow at 10 C, 45° C, and 37°C -Part of indigenous microbiota of the human intestines

Enterococcus group

This classification of Streptococci is based on haemolytic pattern.

Smith and Brown classification

Give out the Smith and Brown Classification

Alpha-haemolytic streptocci, Beta-haemolytic streptocci, Gamma--haemolytic streptocci

Give out specie/s under Alpha-haemolytic streptocci

Streptococcus pneomonia (green streptococci), Viridans

Also called green streptococci

Streptococcis pneumoniae

Give out specie/s under Beta-haemolytic streptocci

Streptococcus pyogenes

Give out specie/s under Gamma-haemolytic streptocci

Streptococcus bovis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium

-Have partial/complete hemolysis of red blood cells around the colonies -Culture, exhibit a greenish or incomplete hemolysis

Alpha-haemolytic streptococci

-Exhibit complete lysis of red blood cells around the colony -Culture, clear zone around the colony

Beta-haemolytic streptococci

Do not exhibit the lysis of red blood cells around the colony

Gamma-haemolytic streptococci

This specie of B-hemolytic streptococci is bacitracin sensitive

Streptococcus pyogenes

This specie of B-hemolytic streptococci is bacitracin resistant

Streptococcus agalactiae

Who is the person behind the Lancefield Classification?

Rebecca Lancefield

It is based on the extraction of C carbohydrate from the streptococcal cell wall.

Lancefield Classification

Mostly significant in classifying and identifying B-haemolytic streptococci.

Lancefield Classification

Fammiliarize

Done

Lancefield A is under what hemolytic reaction?

Beta-hemolytic

Lancefield B and C are under what hemolytic reaction?

Alpha or Gamma hemolytic

Lancefield D is under what hemolytic reaction?

Alpha, Beta, or Gamma-hemolytic

Specie under Lancefield group A

Streptococcus pyogenes

Specie under Lancefield group B

Streptococcus agalactiae

Species under Lancefield group C

Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, Streptococcus equi

Specie under Lancefield group D

Enterococci

Longest chain is produced by Streptococcus _____________ (Commensal)

salivarius

Morphology: -Spherical to oval cocci -Arranged in chains, more in liquid medium -Non motile -Non sporing

Streptococcus pyogenes

Describe Streptococcus pyogenes in Blood agar

Small colonies with beta type of hemolysis around them

Describe Streptococcus pyogenes in Liquid media

Granular turbidity

Cultural Characteristic of Streptoccus pyogenes

Done

Fill in the blanks

Negative, Positive, Not bile soluble

The antigenic structure of Streptococcus pyogenes are composed of what?

Structural antigens - cell wall antigens, Toxins, Enzymes, Protein antigens, Fimbrial antigens

Give out the diff. Protein antigens

M protein, T protein, R protein

These antigens are used for attachment in epithelial cells

Fimbrial antigens

How many types are identified in M protein by Griffith typing?

80 types

This protein antigen is the most virulent; heat and acid stable, but susceptible to tryptic digestion.

M protein

This protein antigen is acid labile, trypsin resistant. Not virulent.

T protein

This protein antigen is not virulent

R protein

What are the toxins and enzymes of Streptococcus pyogenes?

Streptolysin - O, S, Pyrogenic exotoxin, Streptokinase, Deoxyribonucleases (Streptodornase), NADase, Hyaluronidase, Serum opacity factor

What are the infections/conditions under suppurative diseases?

Respiratory infection, Skin and soft tissue infections, Genital infections

What are the diseases/conditions with non suppurative sequelae?

Acute rheumatic fever, Acute glomerulonephritis

What is primary site of respiratory infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes?

Throat

What is the adherence of Streptococcus pyogenes in causing Respiratory infection?

By pili

What is the sequelae of Throat infection caused by Strep. pyogenes?

Acute rheumatic fever

A condition which is the consequence of a previous disease or injury.

Sequelae

What are the Skin and soft tissue infections caused by Strep. pyogenes?

Cellulitis, Septicemia, Erysipelas, Impetigo

It is a Skin and soft tissue infections caused by Strep. pyogenes which occurs in older patients.

Erysipelas

It is a Skin and soft tissue infections caused by Strep. pyogenes which occurs in Children.

Impetigo

What is the sequelae of Impetigo caused by Step. pyogenes?

Acute glomerulonephritis

What is this condition?

Cellulitis

This condition is caused by what?

Flesh eating bacteria

Caused by normal inhabitants of the femal genitalia and an example is Puerperal sepsis.

Genital infections

• M types 1 and 3 forming pyrogenic exotoxin A •High fatality •Flesh eating bacteria •Shock, DIC •Treatment with penicillin - not effective •Vancomycin infections- DOC in life threatening infections

Necrotizing fasciitis

What is the site of infection of Acute rheumatic fever?

Throat

What is/are the Serotype of Acute rheumatic fever?

Any

What toxin has relation with Necrotizing fascitis?

M type 1 and 3 forming pyrogenic extoxin A

It is an infection of the genital tract occurring at any time between rupture of membrane or labour and 42 days postpartum.

Puerpural sepsis

It is essential for the treatment of Acute rheumatic fever

Penicillin prophylaxis

What hemolysis does Viridans group have in blood agar?

Alpha lysis

Most common cause of bacterial meningitidis in adults

Streptococcus pnemoniae

The new name for Streptococcus MG

Streptococcus anginosus

What does MG in Streptococcus MG stands for?

Milleri group

It is the source of Streptokinase used for thrombolytic theraphy in patients

Streptoccus equisimilis

It is used for thrombolytic theraphy in patients

Streptokinase

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