It is a condition that serves as a reinforcement mechanism against microbial survival and proliferation in tissues and organs.

It refers to the passage of organism through salivary, skin, and genital contact.

These are antibodies that are attached to the surface of pathogens and which kill the bacteria by lysis.

What are the 4 types of Carrier

It is the process of penetrating and growing in tissues.

What are the two types of toxins?

This type of immunity is cell mediated.

It is the ability of the B-lymphocytes to recall pathogens during the primary encounter leading to a higher antibody response on the second encounter.

Phagocytes ingest and destroy bacteria and other foreign particles through a process known as _________________.

How long does it takes for the normal immune system to remove the bacteria from the blood?

These are attached to the surface of microorganisms and which render pathogens susceptible phagocytosis.

True/False: Gastric enzymes and juices in the stomach prevent the survival of most organisms

It affects huge population across the regions like several countries or a continent

What are the Microbiota located at the Upper Respiratory Tract?

It is the time between the exposure to a pathogen and the onset of symptoms.

What are the Microbiotas located on the Skin?

it is the spread of microorganisms to distant body sites.

What are factors influencing Microbial Virulence?

Give some examples of Exotoxin.

It cause infection through the normal oral microbiota

What may possibly reduce and alter the host's immune response?

It affects a significantly large number of people in a short period of time.

What are the components of Inflamation?

What are two types of specific immunity?

True/False: The toxicity of Endotoxin is NOT due to the lipid A portion of the LPS.

Microorganisms that can be transmitted by food and water

It is the source of an infection, which may be a person, animal or any object from the environment.

It is based on the action of specific kinds of T-lymphocytes that directly attack the cells that are infected with viruses, parasites, cancer cells, or transplanted cells.

It provides the human host with the ability to create a specific protective response against microorganisms. And "memorizes" all of the encountered microorganisms.

What are some signs that may indicate an inflammation?

What are the Microbiota located at the Colon?

It is the number of cases of a disease in a specified population during a defined time interval.

It is the study of occurence, distribution and cause of disease or injury.

It is the protection of susceptible humans and domestic animals from communicable diseases through the administration of vaccines.

What are the Microbiota located at the Nasopharynx?

What are the Microbiota located at the Mouth and Oral Cavity?

It is composed of the LPS of the cell wall and present only in Gram negative bacteria. It stimulates the fever center in the hypothalamus.

They remains infected for a relatively long time sometimes throughout its entire life.

What are the factors contributing to Epidemiology?

It is known to be one of the most lethal substances. Mostly present in Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. •do not require bacterial death to be released into circulation. •do not produce fever to the host

It is a minor antigenic change as a result of mutation in the organism strains. And facilitates the pathogen in avoiding host-immune responses.

What are the Routes of Transmission of Infectious agents?

This is the non-specific response that activates chemotaxis, or the process which phagocytes are directed to the site of replication and engulf the invading organism.

An individual who has recovered from infection but continues to harbour large numbers of the pathogen.

They are are attached to the surface of microorganism and which block surface receptors.

PMN leukocytes and macrophages are examples of what?

What bacteria produces Exotoxin?

What are Microbiota that can be located at the Urethra?

What are the Host Resistance Factors?

The infection multiply within the ______________ which transmits the microorganisms while feeding off a human host

True/False: Endotoxins are released when bacteria dies and cell wall undergo lysis.

It is the number of deaths due to a disease in a population

They harbors the microorganisms temporarily for a few days or weeks.

This type of immunity is antibody-mediated.

What are the Infectious Agents factors?

An individual who has an overt clinical case of the disease

What diseases can be acquired through Inhalation?

It is the specific response of the host to an invading organism.

They inhabit (but do not multiply) and colonize an area until they are eliminated by either the host's inherent immune defense or competition with the resident microbiota.

It is based on the action of soluble proteins called antibodies that occur in the body fluids and on the plasma membrane of B-lymphocytes.

They temporarily inhabit, multiply in, and colonize an area for months or years

Exotoxin are either secreted or excreted by what?

These animal diseases that depends on the contact with animals or animal by-product for transmission

It is also known as Diphtheroids

They ingest and destroy bacteria and other foreign particles through a process known as endocytosis.

It is the ability of microorganisms to cause diseases. Also refers to the degree of pathogenicity.

The organism or disease are indigenous to or constantly present in a geographic area or population

It is the number of times a new event occurs in a given period.

What are the two types of Microbiota?

It is the process by which certain cells called phagocytes engulf and dispose of microorganisms and cell debris.

It is a major genetically determined change in the antigenic property of an organism in which it becomes unrecognizable by the host's immune system.

It is the transient type immunization that is administered to individuals without fully activating the person's immune system to create the corresponding antibodies to diseases.