TOPIC 3

110問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Physiological effects of sf heating

increase tissue temperature, increase local metabolism, increase blood flow, analgesia and sedation, increase nerve conduction velocity, reduce skin resistance, local hyperemia

Physiologic effects of general heat application

increase cardiac output, increase metabolic rate, increase pulse rate, increase respiratory rate, increase vasodilation, decrease blood pressure, decrease muscle activity, decrease blood flow to internal organs

Physiologic effects of local heat application

increase blood flow, increase tissue elasticity, increase metabolism, increase vasodilation, decrease muscle strength, decrease joint stiffness, decrease muscle spasm, decrease pain

Indications of superficial heat

before active exercise, before passive ROM/stretching exercises, before electrical stimulation, before traction, before massage, in the presence of muscle spasm, before ultrasound, before jt mob, following acute inflammation without bleeding

Contraindications of superficial heat

acute conditions with hemorrhage, DVT, areas of poor circulation, presence of dysesthesia or reduced sensation, very old and young patient, malignancy, fever, over tissue devitalized by radiation and xray therapy

Hydrocollator pack is also known as

hot packs, hot moist pack, moist heat pack

One of the most common ways to deliver superficial heat

hydrocollator packs

Generally contain a hydrophilic substance such as silica gel or bentonite, encased in channeled canvas covers

hydrocollator packs

Stored in thermostatically controlled units that are filled with water

hydrocollator packs

Temperature range of hydrocollator packs

71-79, 159.8-174.2

Temp is regulated by the length of time it is stored and the temp of water in which it is stored

hydrocollator packs

After a hot pack has been used, a period of ________min is needed for the hot pack to reach the temp of the water in hydrocollator tank

20-30

Allow 30 min in between uses

hydrocollator packs

Hot pack is covered with _____ layers of towel

6-8

Hot pack: _________ covers are also available and are equivalent to ____ layers of towelling

commercial terrycloth; 2-4

Manufactured in several sizes and shapes to better match the body part to which they are applied

hydrocollator packs

Hydrocollator packs: 10x12 inches is suitable for treating medium size flat surface areas

standard

Hydrocollator packs: Oversized

lumbar

Hydrocollator packs: approx. 2x the size of standard pack and is suited for larger flat surface areas

lumbar

Hydrocollator packs: designed to fit the contours of the neck and upper back and are also appropriate for use around peripheral jts

cervical

Weight of the hot pack helps maintain contact with the skin surface. Patient must feel comfortable warmth and not burning.

bothtrue

In hydrocollator packs, it is important to sedate patient to sleep so that they can relax. These are contraindicated after radiation therapy

first false

Indication of hydrocollator packs include adhesion. Contraindication include dermatologic conditions

both true

Hydrocollator packs readily conform to all body parts. It is a passive intervention, exercise cannot be performed simultaneously

first false

Single device with contents that react to oxygen when unwrapped

thermacare heat wrap

Takes 30 mins of exposure of the wrap to reach its therapeutic temp of 40 deg celsius

thermacare heat wrap

Continues to stay warm for 8hrs

thermacare heat wrap

Transmit heat to body tissue by conduction

chemical hot pots

Pt feels sensation of pleasant warmth

chemical hot pots

Available with safety switches that allow the heating pad to increase in temp only while the control is held in on the on position

electric heating pads

Alternative or homemade version of hot moist pack

hot compress

Can be a towel dipped in warm water and directly applied on the target area, or recycled water bottle with warm water inside then wrapped sufficiently with enough layers of towel and directly applied on the target area

hot compress

Paraffin wax bath is a mixture of paraffix wax and ________, which are combined to lower the melting point and the specific heat in comparison to water

mineral oil

Stored in double walled, thermostatically controlled stainless steel tanks, and temperatures are maintained in the range of 47-54.4 or 117-130

paraffin

Paraffin wax bath temp

47-54.4, 117-130

This method of sf heat is best suited for distal extremities such as wrist, hand or foot

paraffin wax bath

Duration of paraffin wax bath

15-20 mins

Paraffin to mineral oil ratio

7:1

A solid glove is formed that serves to insulate the body part against heat loss

dip and wrap

More effective in raising tissue temp b it places the patient at greater risk for burn

dip and immerse

Most commonly used method of PWB

brush

How many layers for brush method

8-10

How many reps for dip and wrap?

8 reps

Indication of paraffin wax bath include chronic edema and inflammation

true

In paraffic wax bath, pt is unable to move during treatment. This modality is also useful un treatment of arthritic hands and feet

both true

Body part is heated and suspended by circulating air at high temp

fluidotherapy

Alternative to paraffin or hydrotherapy or when dry heat is desirable

fluidotherapy

Treatment duration for fluidotherapy

15-20 mins

Temperature for fluidotherapy

46.1-50.6, 115-123

If open wounds are present, body part should be placed in a plastic bag or large rubber glove

fluidotherapy

Not for claustrophobic patients

fluidotherapy

During fluidotherapy, active exercise is possible during intervention. This modality can minimize effects of gravity but cannot treat uneven contours and bony parts

first true

Mud packs and peat packs

peloids

Peloids treatment duration

20 mins

Peloids temperature

45-48 deg celsius

Mud packs

sulfur, iron, silicates

Organic moor peat

decaying vegetable for horticulture, organic manure absorbs and releases heat

Small tunnels fitted with hot air fan heater

hot air baths

Air temp for hot air baths

70-80 deg celsius

Hot, dry air is applied locally for the treatment of chronic diseases of jts, nervous system and organs of pelvis

hot air baths

Useful for crushed hand injuries, open wounds and arthritis

hot air baths

Alternative immersion of part in hot and cold water

contrast baths

Produces vascular exercises through active vasodilation and vasoconstriction of blood vessels

contrast baths

Treatment duration for contrast baths

20-30 mins

Temp for contrast bath

100-110, 55-65

Indication for contrast bath

PVD, sprain, strain, acute injury

Contrast bath: place extremity in warm water for ____ mins, then transfer to cold water and immerse for 1 minute

Treatment duration ratio of contrast bath warm:cold

4:1

Conduction

paraffin wax bath, hydrocollator packs, peloids

Convection

fluidotherapy, hot air bath, contrast bath

aka cold therapy

cryotherapy

Therapeutic application of any material or substance that results in withdrawal of heat from the body

cryotherapy

Thermal sensory experience that occur whenever the skin comes in contact with something hotter or cooler than the skin

thermal shock reaction

Cryotherapy: First 20-30min

initial vasoconstriction

Cryotherapy: >30 mins

reflex vasodilation

Cryotherapy: Local piloerection

goosebumps

Superficicial cold modality can penetrate tissues at greater depth than superficial heating because of increased rate of heat transfer and decreased rate of blood flow

true

Normal sequence of sensation after aoplication of cold

intense cold, burning pain, aching pain, numbness

Within 3 mins of application

intense cold

4-7 mins

burning pain

8-15 mins

aching pain

15-30 mins

numbness

Indication for cryotherapy include after deep friction massage, jt mov and strenous exercise. Cryoglobulinemia and Raynaud’s disease are also indications

first true

Give some precautions of cryotherapy

htn, thermoregulatory disorders, over sf peripheral nerve, over open wounds, poor sensation area

Ice massage duration

3-10 mins

Provides greatest magnitude of cooling among all cryotherapeutic agents

ice massage

May cause frostbite

ice massage

Durable plastic cover around a silica grl stored in ref tank

chemical cold packs

For home use and can be disposable

chemical cold packs

Chemical cold pack temp

10-15, -12.2 to -9.4

Duration for chemical cold pack

10-15 mins

Ice towel duration

10-15 mins

Use of plastic bags filled with ice cubes or crushed ice

ice pack

Ice pack duration

5-15 mins, extend to 20-40 mins for deeper muscles

System for applying cold compression to various areas of the body

cryocuffs

Cryocuff duration

15 mins

Hydrostatic pressure provides a compressive force to the target area

cryocuffs

Method of cooling the skin by evaporation of substance sprayed on the skin

vapocoolant spray

Vapocoolant spray substance used

ethyl chloride, fluorocarbon

100

Duration for vapocoolant spray

<6 secs each area

ROM

Kyla Rafols · 71問 · 2年前

ROM