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PG2

PG2
109問 • 1年前
  • Kyla Rafols
  • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    Increases dorsiflexion, requiring plantarflexor activation to restore balance

    forward sway

  • 2

    Deformation from uneven loads disrupts nutrient diffusion, increasing the risk of degeneration

    cartilage

  • 3

    Characterized by hyperextension at the MTP jts with flexion at the PIP and DIP jts, leading to reduced BOS, increased instability and postural sway

    claw toes

  • 4

    Restrictive footwear, muscle imbalances, neuromuscular disorders or plantar deficiencies

    claw toes

  • 5

    Flexion at PIP jy with hyperextension at the MTP and DIP jts

    hammer toes

  • 6

    Abnomral wt disribution causes painful callosities and altered biomechanics

    hammer toes

  • 7

    Muscle imbalances, paralysis or improperly fittes foot wear

    hammer toes

  • 8

    LOG shifts posteriorly requiring quads activation to counteract

    flexed knee posture

  • 9

    LOG shifts anteriorly, overstretching posterior knee structures and increasing anterior compressive forces

    hyperextended knee

  • 10

    Increases lumbar lordosis and compensatory kyphosis in thoracuc and cervical spines, compressing posterior lumbar discs and straining zygapophyseal jts

    exc ant pelvic tilt

  • 11

    Tight hip flexors; weak abdominals and hamstrings

    exc ant pelvic tilt

  • 12

    Leads to lumbar spine flattening, reducing shock absorption and load distribution capabilities

    exc post pelvic tilt

  • 13

    Exaggerated thoracic curvature increases anterior vertebral stress and posterior tensioe forces

    kyphosis

  • 14

    Dowager’s hump impairs respiratory function and exacerbates spinal loading

    kyphosis

  • 15

    Excessive lumbar curvature increases shear forces and stresses anterior structures, predisposing to spondylolisthesis and lower back pain

    lordosis

  • 16

    Anterior displacement increases cervical extensor workload and stress on posterior structures

    fhp

  • 17

    Normal until age 6-7, correcting 5-7 deg in adulthood

    genu valgum

  • 18

    Knock knees

    genu valgum

  • 19

    Leads to abnormal stress on knee structures, patellar displacement, and associated foot pronation, tibial torsion and lumbar rotation

    genu valgum

  • 20

    Bow legs

    genu varum

  • 21

    Normal in infancy until age 3-4

    genu varum

  • 22

    Vitamin D efficiency, renal rickets and epiphyseal injuries

    genu varum

  • 23

    Medial cortical thickening and patellar displacement

    genu varum

  • 24

    Scoliosis is lateral curvature of the spine with rotation and _______ plane changes

    sagittal

  • 25

    Reversible with cause correction

    Functional scoliosis

  • 26

    Involves bone or soft tissue changes, with concave growth asymmetry

    structural scoliosis

  • 27

    Scoliosis: observation

    <25 deg

  • 28

    Scoliosis: bracing

    25-40 deg

  • 29

    Srugery may be needed

    >40 deg

  • 30

    The body’s alignment is determined by the

    line of gravity

  • 31

    Ariaes when the LOG deviates from the jt axis, creating a torque that the body must counteract

    gravitational moment

  • 32

    Requires muscle activation and passive tissue tension to stabilize the position

    gravitational moment

  • 33

    LOG is positioned closer to the jt axes, reducing gravitational moment and the required muscle activity

    active erect sitting

  • 34

    LOG shifts forward, increasing rhe gravitational moment and demanding more muscle effort, particularly from the trunk muscles to maintain balance

    slumped posture

  • 35

    This posture demands active muscle activation to maintain an upright position

    active erect sitting

  • 36

    Higher energy expenditure

    active erect sitting

  • 37

    LOG shifts forward in this posture, requiring less muscle activity

    slumped posture

  • 38

    Increase interdiscal pressure and lead to long term disc degeneration if sustained

    slumped posture

  • 39

    Back extensors relax, passive tissues bear the load

    flexion relaxation

  • 40

    Particular muscles active in active erect sitting

    multifidus, erector spinae, abdominals

  • 41

    Cessation of electrical activity in the back extensors during trunk flexion

    flexion relaxation

  • 42

    Increase shear and tensile forces on the IV discs particulary the post and ant annuli

    kyphotic sitting postures

  • 43

    Help maintain natural spinal curvature, reducing shear forces and distributing loads more evenly, thereby protecting spinal health

    lordotic sitting postures

  • 44

    Prolonged flexed postures can lead to

    disc degeneration

  • 45

    Studies show that active erect standing can result in higher interdiscal pressures compared to sitting.

    false

  • 46

    Forces that devvelop where the bodg contracts the seat

    seat interface pressures

  • 47

    Plays a crucial role in minimizing pressures

    seat design

  • 48

    Refers to the compression of vertebrae due to gravitational forces

    spinal shrinkage

  • 49

    Studies indicate that spinal shrinkage during standing is less than in sitting

    false

  • 50

    Back rest angle

    110-130 deg

  • 51

    Helps reduce lumbar interdiscal pressures

    backrest

  • 52

    Can further reduce lumbar spine stress by redistributing the load and providing addtl support for the upper body

    armrest

  • 53

    reduces muscle fatigue and pressure on the spine

    dynamic chairs

  • 54

    Caused by high interface pressures that reduce blood flow to tissues leading to damage

    pressure ulcers

  • 55

    Used to measure seat interface pressures, helps identify high risk areas

    pressure mapping

  • 56

    Indicates blood supply

    tissue perfusion

  • 57

    Individuals with low body mass or _____ are at higher risk due to increased seat interface pressures

    paraplegia

  • 58

    Initially affect the layers if skin near epidermal tissue

    superficial pressure sore

  • 59

    Initially affect subdermal tissue and originate in muscle underlying bony prominences

    deep pressure sore

  • 60

    Systematic study of human locomotion that focuses on the mehanics of walking and running

    gait

  • 61

    Vital in rehabilitation settings to assess functional mobility, identify impairments and guide therapeutic interventions

    gait

  • 62

    Number of steps per minute, indicating walking speed and efficiency

    cadence

  • 63

    Distance covered in one gait cycle, crucial for assessing walking efficiency

    stride length

  • 64

    Timing and pattern of steps, indicating coordination and balance issues

    rhythm

  • 65

    Lateral distance between the feet, indicating balance and stability

    step width

  • 66

    Duration both feet are on the ground, providing insights into stability and balance

    double support time

  • 67

    Measurement between opposite feet

    step length

  • 68

    Distance measured by right heel strike to left heel strike

    step length

  • 69

    Angle of foot with respect to the line of progression

    fick angle

  • 70

    How many degrees is fick angle

    7 deg

  • 71

    Lessens the angle of femur, lengthens the femur

    pelvic rotation

  • 72

    Normal lateral pelvic shift

    2.5-5 cm

  • 73

    Highest COG

    midstance

  • 74

    Lowest COG

    double limb support

  • 75

    Rate of displacement

    walking speed

  • 76

    Vector rate of displacement

    walking velocity

  • 77

    Rate of change of speed

    acceleration

  • 78

    Normal walking speed

    3 mph

  • 79

    Normal walking velocity

    3mph with direction

  • 80

    Normal cadence

    90-120

  • 81

    Purpose of gait analysis

    assessment of function, intervention planning, effectiveness evaluation

  • 82

    Types of gait analysis

    kinematic qualitative, kinematic quantitative, kinetic

  • 83

    Common gait analysis tools

    6MWT, timed walk test, HiMAT, GaitRite system

  • 84

    Observational gait analysis

    training and skills development, recording deviations, common observational tools

  • 85

    Factors affecting gait

    muscle strength, joint rom, neurological conditions, assistive devices, environmental factors

  • 86

    Evaluates walking capacity, providing insights into functional status

    assessment of function

  • 87

    Identifies specific gait deviations, helping thrapists plan targeted treatments

    intervention planning

  • 88

    Assess the impact of interventions on gait performance

    effectiveness evaluation

  • 89

    Visual assessments of gait patterns, such as symmetry and rhythm

    kinematic qualitative

  • 90

    Precise measurements using technology

    kinematic quantitative

  • 91

    Examins forces involved in gait, using force plates to measure GRF

    kinetic

  • 92

    Assess functional ambulation and dynamic balance by measuring the distance walked in six mins

    6MWT

  • 93

    Includes 5m, 10m, and 30m tests to measure walking speed and assess mobility

    timed walk tests

  • 94

    Assess higher level mobility skills, used for TBI recovery

    HiMAT

  • 95

    Computerized walkways system to measure spatial and temporal gait parameters

    gaitrite system

  • 96

    Therapists must develop observational skills through practice and resources like the Rancho Los Amigos handbook

    training and skills development

  • 97

    Structured forms track deviations, causes and clinical findings

    recording deviations

  • 98

    Checklists and scoring systems standardize observations for consistency and reliability

    common observational tools

  • 99

    Weakness in muscles leads to compensatory gait patterns, affecting overall mobility

    muscle strength

  • 100

    Limited ROM in jts can hinder limb clearance and affect gait efficiency

    joint rom

  • ROM

    ROM

    Kyla Rafols · 71問 · 2年前

    ROM

    ROM

    71問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Endocrinology

    Endocrinology

    Kyla Rafols · 54問 · 2年前

    Endocrinology

    Endocrinology

    54問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    IPC, Tilt table, Traction

    IPC, Tilt table, Traction

    Kyla Rafols · 5問 · 2年前

    IPC, Tilt table, Traction

    IPC, Tilt table, Traction

    5問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    OrgAd

    OrgAd

    Kyla Rafols · 88問 · 2年前

    OrgAd

    OrgAd

    88問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    org2

    org2

    Kyla Rafols · 10問 · 2年前

    org2

    org2

    10問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    History and Physical Exam

    History and Physical Exam

    Kyla Rafols · 7問 · 2年前

    History and Physical Exam

    History and Physical Exam

    7問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    2 OrgAd

    2 OrgAd

    Kyla Rafols · 100問 · 2年前

    2 OrgAd

    2 OrgAd

    100問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    2 OrgAd 2

    2 OrgAd 2

    Kyla Rafols · 6問 · 2年前

    2 OrgAd 2

    2 OrgAd 2

    6問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Thorax

    Thorax

    Kyla Rafols · 100問 · 2年前

    Thorax

    Thorax

    100問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Thorax 2

    Thorax 2

    Kyla Rafols · 72問 · 2年前

    Thorax 2

    Thorax 2

    72問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Pecs

    Pecs

    Kyla Rafols · 56問 · 2年前

    Pecs

    Pecs

    56問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Arm

    Arm

    Kyla Rafols · 100問 · 2年前

    Arm

    Arm

    100問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Arm 2

    Arm 2

    Kyla Rafols · 20問 · 2年前

    Arm 2

    Arm 2

    20問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    FOREARM

    FOREARM

    Kyla Rafols · 83問 · 2年前

    FOREARM

    FOREARM

    83問 • 2年前
    Kyla Rafols

    WRIST AND HAND

    WRIST AND HAND

    Kyla Rafols · 98問 · 1年前

    WRIST AND HAND

    WRIST AND HAND

    98問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    WH joints

    WH joints

    Kyla Rafols · 13問 · 1年前

    WH joints

    WH joints

    13問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    ENTREP

    ENTREP

    Kyla Rafols · 49問 · 1年前

    ENTREP

    ENTREP

    49問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    kapoya org ad

    kapoya org ad

    Kyla Rafols · 43問 · 1年前

    kapoya org ad

    kapoya org ad

    43問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    OrgAd Space Planning

    OrgAd Space Planning

    Kyla Rafols · 93問 · 1年前

    OrgAd Space Planning

    OrgAd Space Planning

    93問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Fiscal management

    Fiscal management

    Kyla Rafols · 41問 · 1年前

    Fiscal management

    Fiscal management

    41問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Policies and Procedure

    Policies and Procedure

    Kyla Rafols · 81問 · 1年前

    Policies and Procedure

    Policies and Procedure

    81問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Thigh

    Thigh

    Kyla Rafols · 100問 · 1年前

    Thigh

    Thigh

    100問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    THIGH2

    THIGH2

    Kyla Rafols · 5問 · 1年前

    THIGH2

    THIGH2

    5問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    LEG

    LEG

    Kyla Rafols · 80問 · 1年前

    LEG

    LEG

    80問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    ANKLE AND FOOT

    ANKLE AND FOOT

    Kyla Rafols · 77問 · 1年前

    ANKLE AND FOOT

    ANKLE AND FOOT

    77問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    ANKLE AND FOOT 2

    ANKLE AND FOOT 2

    Kyla Rafols · 74問 · 1年前

    ANKLE AND FOOT 2

    ANKLE AND FOOT 2

    74問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Quality of assurance and productivity

    Quality of assurance and productivity

    Kyla Rafols · 64問 · 1年前

    Quality of assurance and productivity

    Quality of assurance and productivity

    64問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    HEAD AND NECK

    HEAD AND NECK

    Kyla Rafols · 78問 · 1年前

    HEAD AND NECK

    HEAD AND NECK

    78問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    HEALTHINFO PREFI

    HEALTHINFO PREFI

    Kyla Rafols · 64問 · 1年前

    HEALTHINFO PREFI

    HEALTHINFO PREFI

    64問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Biomechanics

    Biomechanics

    Kyla Rafols · 20問 · 1年前

    Biomechanics

    Biomechanics

    20問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    INTRO

    INTRO

    Kyla Rafols · 99問 · 1年前

    INTRO

    INTRO

    99問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    INTRO 2

    INTRO 2

    Kyla Rafols · 39問 · 1年前

    INTRO 2

    INTRO 2

    39問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    STRETCHING

    STRETCHING

    Kyla Rafols · 94問 · 1年前

    STRETCHING

    STRETCHING

    94問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    STRETCHING 2

    STRETCHING 2

    Kyla Rafols · 46問 · 1年前

    STRETCHING 2

    STRETCHING 2

    46問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    TL2 IPE

    TL2 IPE

    Kyla Rafols · 50問 · 1年前

    TL2 IPE

    TL2 IPE

    50問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    JOINT STRUCTURE

    JOINT STRUCTURE

    Kyla Rafols · 108問 · 1年前

    JOINT STRUCTURE

    JOINT STRUCTURE

    108問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    JOINT STRUCTURE 2

    JOINT STRUCTURE 2

    Kyla Rafols · 93問 · 1年前

    JOINT STRUCTURE 2

    JOINT STRUCTURE 2

    93問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    PROTEOGLYCANS

    PROTEOGLYCANS

    Kyla Rafols · 31問 · 1年前

    PROTEOGLYCANS

    PROTEOGLYCANS

    31問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Glycosaminoglycans

    Glycosaminoglycans

    Kyla Rafols · 19問 · 1年前

    Glycosaminoglycans

    Glycosaminoglycans

    19問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    JOINT MOB

    JOINT MOB

    Kyla Rafols · 80問 · 1年前

    JOINT MOB

    JOINT MOB

    80問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    PJM 2

    PJM 2

    Kyla Rafols · 27問 · 1年前

    PJM 2

    PJM 2

    27問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Teaching in clinical settings

    Teaching in clinical settings

    Kyla Rafols · 99問 · 1年前

    Teaching in clinical settings

    Teaching in clinical settings

    99問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Intro

    Intro

    Kyla Rafols · 68問 · 1年前

    Intro

    Intro

    68問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    STM

    STM

    Kyla Rafols · 73問 · 1年前

    STM

    STM

    73問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    MET

    MET

    Kyla Rafols · 28問 · 1年前

    MET

    MET

    28問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Techniques for teaching students in clinical settings

    Techniques for teaching students in clinical settings

    Kyla Rafols · 97問 · 1年前

    Techniques for teaching students in clinical settings

    Techniques for teaching students in clinical settings

    97問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    ELBOW

    ELBOW

    Kyla Rafols · 100問 · 1年前

    ELBOW

    ELBOW

    100問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    ELBOW2

    ELBOW2

    Kyla Rafols · 100問 · 1年前

    ELBOW2

    ELBOW2

    100問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    RESISTANCE

    RESISTANCE

    Kyla Rafols · 100問 · 1年前

    RESISTANCE

    RESISTANCE

    100問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    RESISTANCE2

    RESISTANCE2

    Kyla Rafols · 43問 · 1年前

    RESISTANCE2

    RESISTANCE2

    43問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    WH

    WH

    Kyla Rafols · 95問 · 1年前

    WH

    WH

    95問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    WH2

    WH2

    Kyla Rafols · 96問 · 1年前

    WH2

    WH2

    96問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    WH3

    WH3

    Kyla Rafols · 19問 · 1年前

    WH3

    WH3

    19問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    WH4

    WH4

    Kyla Rafols · 25問 · 1年前

    WH4

    WH4

    25問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    WMGCT

    WMGCT

    Kyla Rafols · 76問 · 1年前

    WMGCT

    WMGCT

    76問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    uhm

    uhm

    Kyla Rafols · 226問 · 1年前

    uhm

    uhm

    226問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    PACKED POS & CAPSULAR PATTERN

    PACKED POS & CAPSULAR PATTERN

    Kyla Rafols · 60問 · 1年前

    PACKED POS & CAPSULAR PATTERN

    PACKED POS & CAPSULAR PATTERN

    60問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    CHEST WALL AND TMJ

    CHEST WALL AND TMJ

    Kyla Rafols · 128問 · 1年前

    CHEST WALL AND TMJ

    CHEST WALL AND TMJ

    128問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    Trunk and VC

    Trunk and VC

    Kyla Rafols · 99問 · 1年前

    Trunk and VC

    Trunk and VC

    99問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    topic6

    topic6

    Kyla Rafols · 95問 · 1年前

    topic6

    topic6

    95問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    VC2

    VC2

    Kyla Rafols · 100問 · 1年前

    VC2

    VC2

    100問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    vc3

    vc3

    Kyla Rafols · 29問 · 1年前

    vc3

    vc3

    29問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    VC LAB

    VC LAB

    Kyla Rafols · 34問 · 1年前

    VC LAB

    VC LAB

    34問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    TRUNKVCMERGED

    TRUNKVCMERGED

    Kyla Rafols · 228問 · 1年前

    TRUNKVCMERGED

    TRUNKVCMERGED

    228問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    HIP LAB

    HIP LAB

    Kyla Rafols · 9問 · 1年前

    HIP LAB

    HIP LAB

    9問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    CHEST

    CHEST

    Kyla Rafols · 82問 · 1年前

    CHEST

    CHEST

    82問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    CHESTBOOK

    CHESTBOOK

    Kyla Rafols · 84問 · 1年前

    CHESTBOOK

    CHESTBOOK

    84問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    AQUATICS

    AQUATICS

    Kyla Rafols · 126問 · 1年前

    AQUATICS

    AQUATICS

    126問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    topicidk

    topicidk

    Kyla Rafols · 55問 · 1年前

    topicidk

    topicidk

    55問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    AQUATICS 2

    AQUATICS 2

    Kyla Rafols · 26問 · 1年前

    AQUATICS 2

    AQUATICS 2

    26問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    AEROBICS

    AEROBICS

    Kyla Rafols · 139問 · 1年前

    AEROBICS

    AEROBICS

    139問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    AEROBICS2

    AEROBICS2

    Kyla Rafols · 49問 · 1年前

    AEROBICS2

    AEROBICS2

    49問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    METS

    METS

    Kyla Rafols · 15問 · 1年前

    METS

    METS

    15問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    KNEE

    KNEE

    Kyla Rafols · 163問 · 1年前

    KNEE

    KNEE

    163問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    KNEE2

    KNEE2

    Kyla Rafols · 62問 · 1年前

    KNEE2

    KNEE2

    62問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    HEALTH LITERACY

    HEALTH LITERACY

    Kyla Rafols · 22問 · 1年前

    HEALTH LITERACY

    HEALTH LITERACY

    22問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    IMPAIRED BALANCE

    IMPAIRED BALANCE

    Kyla Rafols · 87問 · 1年前

    IMPAIRED BALANCE

    IMPAIRED BALANCE

    87問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    IMPAIRED BALANCE 2

    IMPAIRED BALANCE 2

    Kyla Rafols · 8問 · 1年前

    IMPAIRED BALANCE 2

    IMPAIRED BALANCE 2

    8問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    WOMENS HEALTH

    WOMENS HEALTH

    Kyla Rafols · 31問 · 1年前

    WOMENS HEALTH

    WOMENS HEALTH

    31問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    ANKLE AND FOOT

    ANKLE AND FOOT

    Kyla Rafols · 164問 · 1年前

    ANKLE AND FOOT

    ANKLE AND FOOT

    164問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    ANKLE AND FOOT 3

    ANKLE AND FOOT 3

    Kyla Rafols · 136問 · 1年前

    ANKLE AND FOOT 3

    ANKLE AND FOOT 3

    136問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    ANKLE AND FOOT 4

    ANKLE AND FOOT 4

    Kyla Rafols · 36問 · 1年前

    ANKLE AND FOOT 4

    ANKLE AND FOOT 4

    36問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    OSTEO AND ARTHRO AF

    OSTEO AND ARTHRO AF

    Kyla Rafols · 164問 · 1年前

    OSTEO AND ARTHRO AF

    OSTEO AND ARTHRO AF

    164問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    AF LAB

    AF LAB

    Kyla Rafols · 31問 · 1年前

    AF LAB

    AF LAB

    31問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    PG

    PG

    Kyla Rafols · 126問 · 1年前

    PG

    PG

    126問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    GAIT

    GAIT

    Kyla Rafols · 29問 · 1年前

    GAIT

    GAIT

    29問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    GAITLAB

    GAITLAB

    Kyla Rafols · 8問 · 1年前

    GAITLAB

    GAITLAB

    8問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    KAPOIII

    KAPOIII

    Kyla Rafols · 8問 · 1年前

    KAPOIII

    KAPOIII

    8問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    WOMENS HEALTH NUMBERS

    WOMENS HEALTH NUMBERS

    Kyla Rafols · 13問 · 1年前

    WOMENS HEALTH NUMBERS

    WOMENS HEALTH NUMBERS

    13問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    BRUNNSTROM

    BRUNNSTROM

    Kyla Rafols · 65問 · 1年前

    BRUNNSTROM

    BRUNNSTROM

    65問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    BOBATH

    BOBATH

    Kyla Rafols · 53問 · 1年前

    BOBATH

    BOBATH

    53問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    ROOD’S

    ROOD’S

    Kyla Rafols · 87問 · 1年前

    ROOD’S

    ROOD’S

    87問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    😔

    😔

    Kyla Rafols · 35問 · 1年前

    😔

    😔

    35問 • 1年前
    Kyla Rafols

    問題一覧

  • 1

    Increases dorsiflexion, requiring plantarflexor activation to restore balance

    forward sway

  • 2

    Deformation from uneven loads disrupts nutrient diffusion, increasing the risk of degeneration

    cartilage

  • 3

    Characterized by hyperextension at the MTP jts with flexion at the PIP and DIP jts, leading to reduced BOS, increased instability and postural sway

    claw toes

  • 4

    Restrictive footwear, muscle imbalances, neuromuscular disorders or plantar deficiencies

    claw toes

  • 5

    Flexion at PIP jy with hyperextension at the MTP and DIP jts

    hammer toes

  • 6

    Abnomral wt disribution causes painful callosities and altered biomechanics

    hammer toes

  • 7

    Muscle imbalances, paralysis or improperly fittes foot wear

    hammer toes

  • 8

    LOG shifts posteriorly requiring quads activation to counteract

    flexed knee posture

  • 9

    LOG shifts anteriorly, overstretching posterior knee structures and increasing anterior compressive forces

    hyperextended knee

  • 10

    Increases lumbar lordosis and compensatory kyphosis in thoracuc and cervical spines, compressing posterior lumbar discs and straining zygapophyseal jts

    exc ant pelvic tilt

  • 11

    Tight hip flexors; weak abdominals and hamstrings

    exc ant pelvic tilt

  • 12

    Leads to lumbar spine flattening, reducing shock absorption and load distribution capabilities

    exc post pelvic tilt

  • 13

    Exaggerated thoracic curvature increases anterior vertebral stress and posterior tensioe forces

    kyphosis

  • 14

    Dowager’s hump impairs respiratory function and exacerbates spinal loading

    kyphosis

  • 15

    Excessive lumbar curvature increases shear forces and stresses anterior structures, predisposing to spondylolisthesis and lower back pain

    lordosis

  • 16

    Anterior displacement increases cervical extensor workload and stress on posterior structures

    fhp

  • 17

    Normal until age 6-7, correcting 5-7 deg in adulthood

    genu valgum

  • 18

    Knock knees

    genu valgum

  • 19

    Leads to abnormal stress on knee structures, patellar displacement, and associated foot pronation, tibial torsion and lumbar rotation

    genu valgum

  • 20

    Bow legs

    genu varum

  • 21

    Normal in infancy until age 3-4

    genu varum

  • 22

    Vitamin D efficiency, renal rickets and epiphyseal injuries

    genu varum

  • 23

    Medial cortical thickening and patellar displacement

    genu varum

  • 24

    Scoliosis is lateral curvature of the spine with rotation and _______ plane changes

    sagittal

  • 25

    Reversible with cause correction

    Functional scoliosis

  • 26

    Involves bone or soft tissue changes, with concave growth asymmetry

    structural scoliosis

  • 27

    Scoliosis: observation

    <25 deg

  • 28

    Scoliosis: bracing

    25-40 deg

  • 29

    Srugery may be needed

    >40 deg

  • 30

    The body’s alignment is determined by the

    line of gravity

  • 31

    Ariaes when the LOG deviates from the jt axis, creating a torque that the body must counteract

    gravitational moment

  • 32

    Requires muscle activation and passive tissue tension to stabilize the position

    gravitational moment

  • 33

    LOG is positioned closer to the jt axes, reducing gravitational moment and the required muscle activity

    active erect sitting

  • 34

    LOG shifts forward, increasing rhe gravitational moment and demanding more muscle effort, particularly from the trunk muscles to maintain balance

    slumped posture

  • 35

    This posture demands active muscle activation to maintain an upright position

    active erect sitting

  • 36

    Higher energy expenditure

    active erect sitting

  • 37

    LOG shifts forward in this posture, requiring less muscle activity

    slumped posture

  • 38

    Increase interdiscal pressure and lead to long term disc degeneration if sustained

    slumped posture

  • 39

    Back extensors relax, passive tissues bear the load

    flexion relaxation

  • 40

    Particular muscles active in active erect sitting

    multifidus, erector spinae, abdominals

  • 41

    Cessation of electrical activity in the back extensors during trunk flexion

    flexion relaxation

  • 42

    Increase shear and tensile forces on the IV discs particulary the post and ant annuli

    kyphotic sitting postures

  • 43

    Help maintain natural spinal curvature, reducing shear forces and distributing loads more evenly, thereby protecting spinal health

    lordotic sitting postures

  • 44

    Prolonged flexed postures can lead to

    disc degeneration

  • 45

    Studies show that active erect standing can result in higher interdiscal pressures compared to sitting.

    false

  • 46

    Forces that devvelop where the bodg contracts the seat

    seat interface pressures

  • 47

    Plays a crucial role in minimizing pressures

    seat design

  • 48

    Refers to the compression of vertebrae due to gravitational forces

    spinal shrinkage

  • 49

    Studies indicate that spinal shrinkage during standing is less than in sitting

    false

  • 50

    Back rest angle

    110-130 deg

  • 51

    Helps reduce lumbar interdiscal pressures

    backrest

  • 52

    Can further reduce lumbar spine stress by redistributing the load and providing addtl support for the upper body

    armrest

  • 53

    reduces muscle fatigue and pressure on the spine

    dynamic chairs

  • 54

    Caused by high interface pressures that reduce blood flow to tissues leading to damage

    pressure ulcers

  • 55

    Used to measure seat interface pressures, helps identify high risk areas

    pressure mapping

  • 56

    Indicates blood supply

    tissue perfusion

  • 57

    Individuals with low body mass or _____ are at higher risk due to increased seat interface pressures

    paraplegia

  • 58

    Initially affect the layers if skin near epidermal tissue

    superficial pressure sore

  • 59

    Initially affect subdermal tissue and originate in muscle underlying bony prominences

    deep pressure sore

  • 60

    Systematic study of human locomotion that focuses on the mehanics of walking and running

    gait

  • 61

    Vital in rehabilitation settings to assess functional mobility, identify impairments and guide therapeutic interventions

    gait

  • 62

    Number of steps per minute, indicating walking speed and efficiency

    cadence

  • 63

    Distance covered in one gait cycle, crucial for assessing walking efficiency

    stride length

  • 64

    Timing and pattern of steps, indicating coordination and balance issues

    rhythm

  • 65

    Lateral distance between the feet, indicating balance and stability

    step width

  • 66

    Duration both feet are on the ground, providing insights into stability and balance

    double support time

  • 67

    Measurement between opposite feet

    step length

  • 68

    Distance measured by right heel strike to left heel strike

    step length

  • 69

    Angle of foot with respect to the line of progression

    fick angle

  • 70

    How many degrees is fick angle

    7 deg

  • 71

    Lessens the angle of femur, lengthens the femur

    pelvic rotation

  • 72

    Normal lateral pelvic shift

    2.5-5 cm

  • 73

    Highest COG

    midstance

  • 74

    Lowest COG

    double limb support

  • 75

    Rate of displacement

    walking speed

  • 76

    Vector rate of displacement

    walking velocity

  • 77

    Rate of change of speed

    acceleration

  • 78

    Normal walking speed

    3 mph

  • 79

    Normal walking velocity

    3mph with direction

  • 80

    Normal cadence

    90-120

  • 81

    Purpose of gait analysis

    assessment of function, intervention planning, effectiveness evaluation

  • 82

    Types of gait analysis

    kinematic qualitative, kinematic quantitative, kinetic

  • 83

    Common gait analysis tools

    6MWT, timed walk test, HiMAT, GaitRite system

  • 84

    Observational gait analysis

    training and skills development, recording deviations, common observational tools

  • 85

    Factors affecting gait

    muscle strength, joint rom, neurological conditions, assistive devices, environmental factors

  • 86

    Evaluates walking capacity, providing insights into functional status

    assessment of function

  • 87

    Identifies specific gait deviations, helping thrapists plan targeted treatments

    intervention planning

  • 88

    Assess the impact of interventions on gait performance

    effectiveness evaluation

  • 89

    Visual assessments of gait patterns, such as symmetry and rhythm

    kinematic qualitative

  • 90

    Precise measurements using technology

    kinematic quantitative

  • 91

    Examins forces involved in gait, using force plates to measure GRF

    kinetic

  • 92

    Assess functional ambulation and dynamic balance by measuring the distance walked in six mins

    6MWT

  • 93

    Includes 5m, 10m, and 30m tests to measure walking speed and assess mobility

    timed walk tests

  • 94

    Assess higher level mobility skills, used for TBI recovery

    HiMAT

  • 95

    Computerized walkways system to measure spatial and temporal gait parameters

    gaitrite system

  • 96

    Therapists must develop observational skills through practice and resources like the Rancho Los Amigos handbook

    training and skills development

  • 97

    Structured forms track deviations, causes and clinical findings

    recording deviations

  • 98

    Checklists and scoring systems standardize observations for consistency and reliability

    common observational tools

  • 99

    Weakness in muscles leads to compensatory gait patterns, affecting overall mobility

    muscle strength

  • 100

    Limited ROM in jts can hinder limb clearance and affect gait efficiency

    joint rom