Thigh

通報

問題一覧

Hip bone

Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

Hyaline cartilage lined horseshoe shaped

Acetabulum

Anatomic position of acetabulum: _______ and _____ are line in same vertical plane

ASIS, Symphysis pubis

Ligamentum teres attachment

Fovea capitis

Femur shaft is smooth and rounded

anteriorly

Triangular area on the posterior surface of the distal end

Popliteal surface

Large, weight bearing, medial bone

Tibia

Largest sesamoid bone

Patella

Triangular bone with apex inferiorly

Patella

Largest muscle and responsible for the prominence in the buttocks

Gluteus maximus

Separates the superior gluteal vessels and nerves from the inferior gluteal vessels and nerves

Piriformis

Muscles of anterior thigh

Sartorius, Iliacus, Psoas, Pectineus, Quadriceps femoris, Vasti muscles

Powerful extensor of the knee

Quadriceps femoris

Posterior muscles of thigh

Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Adductor magnus

Muscles of medial thigh

Gracilis, Adductor magnus, Adductor longus, Adductor brevis, Obturator externus

Fibrous expansion of the semitendinosus insertion

Oblique popliteal ligament

Sciatic nerve root

L4-S3

In _________, sciatix nerve divides into tibial and common peroneal nerve

Lower third

Largest nerve

Sciatic

Sciatic nerve emerges from belowZ what muscle

Piriformis

Posterior cutaneous nerve emerges from below what muscle?

Gluteus maximus

Posterior cutanenous nerve of the thigh exits through

Greater sciatic foramen

Pudendal nerve and nerve to obturator internus reentera through

Lesser sciatic foramen

Pudendal nerve supplies the structure in the

perineum

Largest branch of the lumbar plexus

Femoral

Femoral nerve enters the thigh ____ to the femoral sheath

lateral

Femoral nerve divides into anterior and posterior division ____ inches below the inguinal ligament

1.5

Emerges at the mediao side of the kneee between sartorius and gracilis

Saphenous nerve

Superficial inguinal ring

ilioinguinal nerve

Supplies skin at root of penis/clitorus and adjacent part of scrotum/labia majora and skin below medial part of inguinal ligament

ilioinguinal nerve

Enters at middle of inguinal ligament

femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve

Supplies small area of the skin

femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve

Enters the thifh at the lateral end of inguinal ligament

lateral cutaneous nerve

Divides into anterior and posterior branches

lateral cutaneous nerve

Supplies the skin of the lateral aspect of the thigh and knee and lower lateral quadrant of the buttocks

lateral cutaneous nerve

Formed by terminal branches of the lateral, intermediate and medial cutaneous nerve of the thigh and infeapatellar branch of saphenous nerve

Patellar plexus

Obturator nerve

L2-L4

Obturator nerve emerges from medial border of

psoas

Gluteal arteries are from what artery

internal iliac artery

Main blood supply to the head of femur

Trochanteric anastomosis

Superior gluteal artery, Inferior gluteal artery, Medial circumflex artery, Lateral circumflex artery

Cruciate anastomosis, except

Main blood supply to the head of the femur, Nutrient artery passes along rhe neck beneath the capsule, At the level of greater trochanter

True about femoral artery

From external iliac artery, Main supply to the lower limb, Continues as popliteal artery, Between ASIS and symphysis pubis

Superficial circumflex iliac artery

to ASIS

Supplies the knee joint

Descending genicular artery

Femoral vein is from popliteal vein

True

Tributaries of femoral vein

Great saphenous vein, Branches corresponding to the artery

Profunda femoris artery arises on the ____ side of the femoral artery in the femoral triangle

lateral

Where does profunda artery drain

Femoral vein

Superficial veins drains into

Great saphenous vein

Great saphenous vein joins the femoral vein

True

Medial end of dorsal venous arch

Great saphenous vein

Passes thru the femoral canal along external iliac artery

Deep inguinal lymph nodes

Fascia: laden with fats

Superficial

Fascia: continuous with TFL of thigh on lateral side as IT band

Deep

Splits in the gluteal region to cover the gluteus maximus

Deep

Covers the outer surface of gluteus medius in the superior part

Deep

Ligaments of gluteal region

Sacrotuberous, Sacrospinous

Continuation of the Scarpa’s fascia is attached to

fascia lata

Opening between the deep fascia and inguinal ligament

Saphenous opening

Filled with cribriform fascia

saphenous opening

Lower margin of saphenous opening is called

falciform margin

Femoral triangle

Superior: inguinal ligament, Lateral: Sartorius, Medial: Adductor longus, Floor: gutter shaped from iliopsoas, pectineus, adductor longus, Roof: skin and fascia

Downward protrusion of the fascial envelope from abdominal wall into the thigh

Femoral sheath

Contents of femoral sheath

Femoral artery, Femoral vein, Femoral canal

Femoral canal

0.5 inches long

Femoral canal

anterior: inguinal ligament, posterior: pectineus, lateral: femoral vein, medial: lacunar ligament

Femoral ______ closes the ring

septum

Site for femoral hernia

Femoral canal

Passage for femoral vessels

adductor hiatus

What type of joint is hip joint

synovial ball and socket

Hip joint articulation

femoral head, acetabulum

Inverted Y

iliofemoral

Prevents over extension

iliofemoral

ASIS ti upper and lower parts of intertrochanteric lines

iliofemoral

Triangular

pubofemoral

Superior pubic rami and apex to lower parr of intertrochanteric line

pubofemoral

Limits extension and abduction

pubofemoral

Spiral shaped

ischiofemoral

Limits extension

ischiofemoral

Body of ischium to greater trochanter

ischiofemoral

A pouch of synovial membrane protruding between the pubofemoral and iliofemoral ligaments

psoas bursa

Lines the capsule

synovial membrane

Hip joint movements

flexion, EXTENSION, adduction, abduction, LATERAL ROTATION, medial rotation, circumduction

Most complicated joint

knee

Menisci increases the congruency of joints

True

Type of knee joint

synovial hinge joint

Patellofemoral joint type

plane gliding

Inferior pole to the tibial tuberosity

ligamentum patella

Cordlike

LCL

flat band

MCL

Two ligaments crossing each other

cruciate ligament

Main bond between femur and tibia

cruciate ligament

ACL

Prevents posterior displacement of femur on tibia, On knee flexion, prevents the anterior displacement of tibia on femur

PCL

Prevents anterior displacement of femur on tibia, On knee flexion, prevents posterior displacement of the tibia on femur

C-shaped fibrocartilage

menisci

Cruciate ligaments are

extrasynovial

Synovial membrane is reflected backwards on the posterior surface of the patellar ligament

infrapatellar fold

Outpouching beneath the quads

suprapatellar bursa

100

Subcutaneous tissue between skin and lower half of the patella and upper part of the patellar ligament

prepatellar bursa

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