Protects the mandible from excessive anterior translation

Most anterior portion of the internal intercostal muscles; considered primary inspiratory muscle during quiet breathing

Costal facet is found where?

Fibers travel cephalad from their origin to insert into a central tendon

PUMP

Limits downward and posterior motion of the mandible, limit rotation of the condyle during mandibular depression

Have no ligamentous support

Elevation of the lower ribs is the increase in the transverse diameter of the lower thorax

Typical ribs

Synchondrosis

Action lifts the first two ribs, and therefore the sternum, in the pump-handle motion of the upper rib cage

T1-T6 costotransverse: Slightly convex costal facets on the transverse process of the vertebrae & slightly concave costal tubercles on the corresponding ribs

Voluntary control

Superior border

Tend to become fibrous and fuse with age

Strong ligament is the swinging hinge from which the mandible is suspended

Vertebral ribs

Primary muscles of ventilation are those recruited for quiet ventilation

Supported by a capsule and ligaments

True ribs

Zone of apposition

Manubriosternal joint is also known as

Motion that creates c curve with the mandible moving away from the midline during mandibular depression or protrusion

Two knuckles placed between the upper and lower incisors is considered _____, while three knuckles is considered ______

Motion that produces an s curve as the mandible moves away from the midline during mandibular depression or protrusion

Arises from the vertebral bodies

Chronic hyperinflation of the lungs results in a resting position of the diaphragm that is lower in the thorax than is found in healthy people

Articular disc of TMJ is

Work primarily against the elastic properties of the lungs and airway resistance

Thorax

Lateral excursion considered normal for an adult

Returns midline by the end of the movement

Formed by the head of the rib, two adjacent vertebral bodies and the intervertebral disc

Larger

has fibrocartilaginous disc between the hyaline cartilage covered articulating ends

Function of articular disc of TMJ

Synchondrosis

BUCKET

Largest facial bone and is highly mobile

Formed by the articulation of the costal tubercle of the rib with a costal facet on the transverse corresponding vertebra

Articulation of the 1st through 10th ribs anterolaterally with the costal cartilages

Important component necessary for maximal mandibular depression

Serves as a restrain on the disc

Important component of mandibular elevation from a maximally depressed mandible

Joint noise at two intervals: during mandibular depression and mandibular elevation

Attached posteriorly to the tympanic plate (posterior mandibular fossa)

Upper ribs

Involves moving the mandible to the left and to the right

Neurological control is both voluntary and involuntary

Resist posterior motion of the condyle

Primary muscles of ventilation

Stabilizes the rib cage

Infrahyoid

Demonstrate limited mandibular motion as a result of the disc creating a mechanical obstruction to condylar motion rather than facilitating condylar translation

Pump handle motion

Coronoid process is located ______ to the mandibular condyle and serve as an attachment for the temporalis muscle

Strong ligament composed of 2 parts, an outer oblique element and an inner horizontal element

Scoliosis: Amount of ventilator dysfunction found in patients depends on

Xiphisternal joint articulation

Primary muscle of ventilation, 70-80% of inspiration force during quiet breathing

Rolling during initial phase of mandibular depression

Joint noise referred as reciprocal click

Lateral border

_______ and ________ joints are mechanically linked, with a single axis of motion for ________ and ________

Inability to fully depress the mandible, difficulty performing functional movements involving jaw such as chewing, talking or yawning

Pass through the costovertebral joint only

Vertebrochondral ribs

Suprahyoid

Limits protrusion of the mandible

Unique; anterior articulation larger and thicker

Articulation of manubriosternal joint

Inferior border

Vertebrosternal ribs

Anterior border

Work against gravitational forces

Occur in the upper TMJ

More mobile

Unresolved or chronic inflammation of the TMJ capsule stimilates overproduction of fibrous connective tissue

Episodically

Lateral pterygoid muscle attaches to the anterior portion of the disc

Elastic properties assist in repositioning the disc posteriorly during mandibular closing

Inferior TMJ joint type

Produces two distinct but highly interdependent articulations

Primary muscles of mastication ate innervates by the mandibular nerve which is the branch of

Functionally divided into dorsal and ventral segments

Supported by the radiate ligament that has 3 bands: superior, intermediate, inferior bands

Arises from sternum and ribs

Superior TMJ joint type

Ipsilateral mandibular condyle spins around a vertical axis within the mandibular fossa, while the contralateral mandibular condyle translates anteriorly along the articular eminence

Contains a disc that separates the joint into upper and lower articulations

Also intercostal muscles but are generally found only in the lower rib cage

Easily fatigues and lesser oxidative capacity

Costal cartilages of ribs 7-10 each articulate with the cartilage immediately above them

The rib cage _______ changes ________ in scoliosis

Increase in A-P diameter of the thorax

Increased fatigue resistance wnd greater oxidative capacity

Assist with mandibular depression

Bucket handle motion

Does not return to midline by the end lf the movement

Posterior border