BRUNNSTROM

Anna Signe Sofia Brunnstrom

1960

reflex control theory

reflex control theory

reflex

CNS

hierarchical control theory

equilibrium reactions, complex motor movements

righting reactions, less complex movements

primitive reflexes, reflexive movements

evolution in reverse

brunnstrom technique

normal synergistic movements

basic limb synergies

basic limb synergies

flexor, extensor, mixed

associated reflexes

simons, 1923

homolateral limb synkinesis

ramiste’s phenomenon

yawning

coughing and sneezing

UE: movements employed elicited the same reactions in the affected limb, LE: movements employed elicited opposite reactions in the affected limb

instinctive grasp reaction

instinctive grasp reaction

instinctive avoiding reaction

souques finger phenomenon

neck flexion, neck extension

neck lateral rotation

supine, prone

R trunk rot, L trunk rot

UE: flexion, LE: extension

UE: extension, LE: extension

UE: flexion, LE: flexion

limbs move into extension

limbs move into flexion

increase flexor tone in RUE and LLE, increase extensor tone in LUE and RLE

increase flexor tone in LUE and RLE, increase extension tone in RUE and LLE

false

stage 1

pt in completely flaccid, pt is bed bound, no voluntary movement

development of limb strategies, no voluntary movement, spasticity appears

basic limb strategies develop voluntarily and is marked, spasticity is marked

spasticity begins to decrease, movement combinationd deviated from bls and become available

relative independence of bls, spasticity is waning

isolated jt movements, coordination reaching normally, no spasticity

normal motor function restored

placing hand behind body, alternative pronation-supination with 90 deg elbow flexion, elevation of arm to a forward horizontal position

arm raising to side horizontal position, alternative pronation-supination with elbow extended, bring hand over head

kinesthesia, tactile localization, pressure

developmentally

false

semi voluntary movement

proprioceptive, exteroceptive

isometric, eccentric, concentric, agonist antagonist reversal movement

voluntary control

stage 3

true

true

scapular retraction/elevation, shoulder abd, ER, elbow flexion, forearm supination, wrist flexion, finger flexion

scapular protraction/depression, shoulder add, IR, elbow extension, forearm pronation, wrist extension, finger flexion

pelvic anterior tilt, hip flexion, abd, ER, knee flexion, ankle df, toe extension

pelvic posterior tilt, hip extension, add, IR, knee extension, ankle pf, toe flexion

scapula retraction, shoulder add, IR, elbow flexion, forearm pronation, wrist and finger flexion