ANKLE AND FOOT

77問 • 1年前

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Articulates with the tibia and fibula above, calcaneum below and navicular in front

Talus

Head of talus

Directed distally, Oval convex articulating with navicular, Rests on the sustantaculum tali begubd and calcaneonavicular ligament in front

Neck of talus

Posterior to the head and is narrowed, Lower surface shows deep groove, the sulcus tali, Sulcus talu plus sulcus calcanei from sinus tarsi, occupied by interosseous talocalcaneal ligament

Body of talus

Cuboid shaped and articulates with tibia, Convex in sagittal and slight concave from side to side, Medial and lateral articular facet, Posterior surface has small tubercles separated by groove of FHL

Medial articular facet

Comma shaped

Lateral articular facet

Triangular shaped

Calcaneum articular surface

cuboid bone

Calcaneum posterior surface

prominence of heel and attachment of achilles tendon

Calcaneum superior surface

for two articular facet of talus

Calcaneum inferior surface

has anterior tubercle in midline and medial and lateral tubercle at junction of inferior and posterior surface

Medial surface

has sustentaculum tali for support of the talus

Lateral surface of calcaneum

almost flat

The two articular facets of talus are separated by

sulcus calcanei

Bones of the foot

Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, Cuboid, Cuneiform, Metatarsal, Phalanges

Has a deep groove for the peroneus longus tendon

cuboid

Insertion for tibialis posterior tendon

navicular

Three small wedge shaped bode

cuneiform

Formation of transverse arch of foot

cuneiform

Full ossification of tarsal bones

5 years old

Plays a role on the weight bearing

First metatarsal

Has tubercle for peroneus brevis insertion

Fifth metatarsal

How many phalanges

Structures anterior to extensor retinaculum

Superficial peroneal nerves, Saphenous nerve, Great saphenous vein

Structures beneath or thru the extensor retinaculum

Anterior tibial artery with venae comitantes, Tibialis anterior tendon, EHL tendon, Deep peroneal nerve, Anterior tibial artery with venae comitantes, EDL tendon, Peroneus tertius

Structures that pass behind the lateral malleolus superficial to the superior peroneal retinaculum

sural nerve, small saphenous vein

Structures that pass beneath the superior peroneal retinaculum

peroneus longus, peroneus brevis

Structure directly behind the ankle

tendocalcaneus

Nerve supply of medial side of the heel

medial calcaneal branch from tibial nerve

Nerve supply to medial 2/3 of the sole

Medial plantar nerve branches

Nerve supply to lateral third of the sole

Lateral plantar nerve branches

First layer

Abductor hallucis, Flexor digitorum brevis, Abductor digiti minimi

Second layer

Quadratus plantae, Lumbricals, Flexor digitorum longus tendon, Flexor hallucis longus tendon

Third layer

Flexor hallucis brevis, Adductor hallucis, Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Fourth layer

Interossei, Peroneus longus tendon, Tibialis posterior tendon

Distal ends of the anterior borders of tibia and fibula

Superior extensor retinacula

Y shaped band in front of the ankle

Inferior extensor retinacula

From medial malleoli to medial surface of calcaneum

Flexor retinacula

Connects the lateral malleolus to the lateral surface of the calcaneum

Superior peroneal retinacula

Bind the peroneus longus and brevus to back of lateral malleolus

Superior peroneal retinacula

Binds the peroneus longus and brevis to the lateral side of the calcaneum

Inferior peroneal retinacula

Smaller branch of the PTA

medial plantar artery

Arise below the flexor retinaculum

medial plantar artery

Passes forward to the abductor hallucis

medial plantar artery

Ends by supplying the medial side of the big toe

medial plantar artery

Larger terminal branch of PTA

lateral plantar artery

Arise beneath the flexor retinaculum

lateral plantar artery

Passes deep to tge abductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis

lateral plantar artery

At the base of 5th MT bone, it curves medially to form the plantar arch

lateral plantar artery

Joins yhe dorsalis pedis at the proximal end of 1st intermetatarsal space

lateral plantar artery

Gives rise to the digital arteries

plantar arch

Between the two heads of the first dorsal interossei, it joins the lateral plantar artery

dorsalis pedis artery

1st plantar metatarsal artery is a branch of

dorsalis pedis artery

Supplies the cleft between big and second toes

1st plantar metatarsal artery

Runs deep with tge abductor hallucis and medial plantar artery

medial plantar nerve

Lies between the abductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis

medial plantar nerve

Terminal branch of tibial nerve

lateral plantar nerve

Deep to the abductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis

lateral plantar nerve

Accompanies the lateral plantar artery

lateral plantar nerve

Divides into the superficial and deep branches at the base of the fifth metatarsal bone

lateral plantar nerve

Thick and hairless

sole

Thin, hairy and freely mobile

dorsum

Between peroneus brevis and EDL

superficial peroneal nerve

Divides into medial and lateral cutaneous branches

superficial peroneal nerve

Supplies the dorsum of the foot, medial side of big toe, and adjacent sides of the 2nd to 5th toe

superficial peroneal nerve

Supplies the adjacent sides between first and second toes

deep peroneal nerve

Supplies the medial side of the foot up to the head of the first metatarsal

saphenous nerve

Supplies the lateral margin of the foot and little toe

sural nerve

Muscles on the dorsum of foot

EDB

EDP joins the EDL at the

MTP level

Extensor expansion joins the fascial expansion and divides into 3 parts

Central part - base of mid phalanx, 2 Lateral parts - base of distal phalanx

Just below the ankle joint

lateral tarsal artery

Opposite the bases of the metatarsal bones

arcuate artery

Supplies both sides of big toes

first dorsal metatarsal artery

Small saphenous vein ascends behind the

lateral malleolus

Dorsal venous arch leaves the dorsum of the foot in front of

medial malleolus

Dorsal venous arch drains the head of the metatarsal and into the

great saphenous veins

Deep peroneal artery travels ______ to the dorsalis pedis artery

lateral

ROM

Kyla Rafols · 71問 · 2年前

ROM