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ANKLE AND FOOT
164問 • 1年前
  • Kyla Rafols
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    The ankle and foot is composed of how many bones, joints and muscles

    26 bones, 34 joints, over 100 muscles

  • 2

    Leg bones

    tibia, fibula

  • 3

    Bears 90% of the body weight

    tibia

  • 4

    Tibia is palpated distally and proximally where?

    tibial tuberosity proximally, anterior ridge or shin distally

  • 5

    What is the most distal aspect of tibia

    medial malleolus

  • 6

    Tibial shaft is rotated medially in the transverse plane as it runs distally

    false

  • 7

    Normal amount of tibial rotation

    15-40 deg

  • 8

    Lateral aspect has a triangular shaped concavity where the fibula sits

    tibia

  • 9

    The plafond is a saddle shaped structure found on the superior surface of tibia

    false

  • 10

    Plafond

    convex medially to laterally, concave anteriorly to posteriorly

  • 11

    Primarily a site for muscle attachment

    fibula

  • 12

    Distal end of the fibula

    lateral malleolus

  • 13

    Lateral malleolus projects proximally than medial malleolus which causes more restriction in medial motion than lateral motion. Lateral malleolus lies more posterior than medial malleolus

    first false, second true

  • 14

    Proximal aspect of the convex lateral malleolus wedged within fibular notch of lateral distal tibia

    true

  • 15

    Distal aspect of medial side of lateral malleolus articulates with

    talus

  • 16

    Comprise the rearfoot and midfoot

    tarsal bones

  • 17

    Arches of the foot

    medial, lateral, transverse

  • 18

    All body weight is transferred through this bone in single limb weight bearing

    talus

  • 19

    Talus has no muscle attachments. More than half of its surface is covered with articular cartilage

    both true

  • 20

    Superior articulation of talus

    inferior tibia

  • 21

    Inferior articulation of talus

    facets of calcaneus

  • 22

    Lateral articulation of talus

    lateral malleolus

  • 23

    Medial articulation of talus

    medial malleolus

  • 24

    Anterior articulation of talus

    navicular

  • 25

    Channel that runs between the articulations of talus and calcaneus

    sinus tarsi

  • 26

    Dome of talus

    convex anteriorly to posteriorly, concave medially to laterally

  • 27

    The dome of the talus is wider anteriorly. Anterior aspect may be palpated by passively moving the ankle in dorsiflexion.

    first true, second false

  • 28

    Talus can be palpated between

    navicular tuberosity, distal end of medial malleolus

  • 29

    Neck of talus may become prominent in what action

    inversion

  • 30

    Medial talus can be palpated with

    eversion

  • 31

    Medial tubercle of talus can be palpated immediately posterior to the distao end of the medial malleolus

    true

  • 32

    Largest and strongest of the tarsal bones

    calcaneus

  • 33

    Tarsal bones

    talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid

  • 34

    Orientation of calcaneus in regards with talus; how does calcaneus articulate with talus

    inferior, three facets

  • 35

    First bone which ground reaction forces are imparted in walking

    calcaneus

  • 36

    Middle section of the bone has a medial extension called the sustentaculum tali

    calcaneus

  • 37

    Protected by thick pad lies between the bone and skin

    calcaneus

  • 38

    Horizontal sheld on which the interior medial aspect of talus is supported

    sustentaculum tali

  • 39

    Forms the middle facet of the talocrural joint

    sustentaculum tali

  • 40

    Palpated just distal to the tip of the medial malleolus

    sustentaculum tali

  • 41

    Calcaneus articulates with cuboid

    anteriorly

  • 42

    Medial and lateral tubercles serve as insertion sites for plantar fascia and intrinsic foot muscles

    calcaneus

  • 43

    Boat shaped bone

    navicular

  • 44

    Articulates with talus posteriorly and the three cuneiforms anteriorly

    navicular

  • 45

    Found medially, palpated a finger’s width anterior to sustentaculum tali

    navicular tuberosity

  • 46

    Wedge shaped bones anterior to navicular

    cuneiforms

  • 47

    Lie across the instep of the foot to form the transverse arch of foot

    cuneiforms

  • 48

    Three side serve to articular with other bones

    cuboid

  • 49

    Lateral and plantar surfaces have a groove for the peroneus longus tendon

    cuboid

  • 50

    Largest cuneiform

    medial

  • 51

    Smallest cuneiform

    intermediate

  • 52

    Found between the tuberosity of the navicular and base of the first MT

    medial cuneiform

  • 53

    Lies in line with the second MT

    intermediate cuneiform

  • 54

    Lies in line with the third MT, articulates with the medial cuboid

    lateral cuneiform

  • 55

    Medial articulation of cuboid

    lateral cuneiform

  • 56

    Anterior articulation of cuboid

    4th and 5th MTs

  • 57

    Posterior articulation of cuboid

    calcaneus

  • 58

    Composes the forefoot

    metatarsals, phalanges

  • 59

    Thinnest and longest

    second mt

  • 60

    Shortest and thickest

    first mt

  • 61

    Firmly wedged at the proximal end by the cuneiforms proximally and adjacent metatarsals

    second mt

  • 62

    More posterior in relation to third mt

    fourth mt

  • 63

    Has a tuberosity and is the site of insertion for peroneus brevis

    fifth mt

  • 64

    Concavely arched on the plantar aspect which improves load absorption during weight bearing

    metatarsals

  • 65

    Easily palpated in toes

    phalanges

  • 66

    How many phalangeal bones

    14

  • 67

    Broader

    middle phalanges

  • 68

    Taller

    proximal phalanges

  • 69

    Flatter and smaller

    distal phalanges

  • 70

    Occurs as two segments of the joint move closer together

    dorsiflexion

  • 71

    Known as flexion in the pure sagittal plane

    dorsiflexion

  • 72

    Occurs when two segments of the joint move further apart

    plantarflexion

  • 73

    Known as extension in the pure sagittal plane

    plantarflexion

  • 74

    Rotation movement so that bottom of the foot rolls to the opposite limb

    inversion

  • 75

    Rolls to the sole of the foot away from the opposite limb

    eversion

  • 76

    Rotation of the foot along a transverse plane around a vertical axis away from midline

    abduction

  • 77

    Rotation of the foot around a vertical axis toward the midline

    adduction

  • 78

    Known as pronatioj and supination of the ankle and foot

    triplanar movement

  • 79

    Joint axes intersect all three planes

    triplanar movement

  • 80

    Functional movements of the foot typically occur as a result of all three movements

    triplanar movement

  • 81

    Not all joints serve to impact functional motion unless they ate affected by pathology

    true

  • 82

    Primarily serve weight bearing functions and can compensate for pathologies mote proximal in the kinematic chain

    joints

  • 83

    Interosseous membrane runs between the two bones and serves to maintain alignment and as a muscle attachment site of the leg muscles

    tibiofibular

  • 84

    Proximal tibiofibular joint

    synovial

  • 85

    Distal tibiofibular joint

    syndesmosis

  • 86

    Forgotten joint

    proximal tibiofibular

  • 87

    Movement is minimal and occurs with dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot

    proximal tibiofibular

  • 88

    Fibula moves superiorly

    dorsiflexion

  • 89

    Fibula moves inferiorly

    plantarflexion

  • 90

    Movement restraints of proximal tibiofibular joint

    biceps femoris tendon, LCL, tendon of popliteus, tibiofibular ligaments, fascia

  • 91

    In proximal tibiofibular joint, slighr gliding motion occur as the ankle dorsiflexes. Restriction at this joint = limited plantarflexion

    first true, second false

  • 92

    In distal tibiofibular joint, as the ankle dorsiflexes,

    the fibula abducts from the tibia as it rotates medially

  • 93

    In distal tibiofibular joint, as the ankle plantarflexes,

    the fibula adducts from the tibia as it rotates laterally

  • 94

    Normal tibial torsion

    20-23 deg

  • 95

    Proximal TF joint articular surfaces

    concave: articular surface at tibia, convex: articular surface at fibula

  • 96

    Ankle joint

    talocrural

  • 97

    What holds the talocrural joint firmly in place, creating a strong mortise for the trochlea and wedge shaped talus

    tibiofibular ligaments

  • 98

    What type of joint is talocrural and how many degrees of freedom

    hinge, one degree

  • 99

    Talocrural joint capsule is reinforced medially and laterally by what ligaments

    MCL or deltoid, LCL

  • 100

    A line formed by the tips of the malleoli approximate the joiny axis

    talocrural

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    The ankle and foot is composed of how many bones, joints and muscles

    26 bones, 34 joints, over 100 muscles

  • 2

    Leg bones

    tibia, fibula

  • 3

    Bears 90% of the body weight

    tibia

  • 4

    Tibia is palpated distally and proximally where?

    tibial tuberosity proximally, anterior ridge or shin distally

  • 5

    What is the most distal aspect of tibia

    medial malleolus

  • 6

    Tibial shaft is rotated medially in the transverse plane as it runs distally

    false

  • 7

    Normal amount of tibial rotation

    15-40 deg

  • 8

    Lateral aspect has a triangular shaped concavity where the fibula sits

    tibia

  • 9

    The plafond is a saddle shaped structure found on the superior surface of tibia

    false

  • 10

    Plafond

    convex medially to laterally, concave anteriorly to posteriorly

  • 11

    Primarily a site for muscle attachment

    fibula

  • 12

    Distal end of the fibula

    lateral malleolus

  • 13

    Lateral malleolus projects proximally than medial malleolus which causes more restriction in medial motion than lateral motion. Lateral malleolus lies more posterior than medial malleolus

    first false, second true

  • 14

    Proximal aspect of the convex lateral malleolus wedged within fibular notch of lateral distal tibia

    true

  • 15

    Distal aspect of medial side of lateral malleolus articulates with

    talus

  • 16

    Comprise the rearfoot and midfoot

    tarsal bones

  • 17

    Arches of the foot

    medial, lateral, transverse

  • 18

    All body weight is transferred through this bone in single limb weight bearing

    talus

  • 19

    Talus has no muscle attachments. More than half of its surface is covered with articular cartilage

    both true

  • 20

    Superior articulation of talus

    inferior tibia

  • 21

    Inferior articulation of talus

    facets of calcaneus

  • 22

    Lateral articulation of talus

    lateral malleolus

  • 23

    Medial articulation of talus

    medial malleolus

  • 24

    Anterior articulation of talus

    navicular

  • 25

    Channel that runs between the articulations of talus and calcaneus

    sinus tarsi

  • 26

    Dome of talus

    convex anteriorly to posteriorly, concave medially to laterally

  • 27

    The dome of the talus is wider anteriorly. Anterior aspect may be palpated by passively moving the ankle in dorsiflexion.

    first true, second false

  • 28

    Talus can be palpated between

    navicular tuberosity, distal end of medial malleolus

  • 29

    Neck of talus may become prominent in what action

    inversion

  • 30

    Medial talus can be palpated with

    eversion

  • 31

    Medial tubercle of talus can be palpated immediately posterior to the distao end of the medial malleolus

    true

  • 32

    Largest and strongest of the tarsal bones

    calcaneus

  • 33

    Tarsal bones

    talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid

  • 34

    Orientation of calcaneus in regards with talus; how does calcaneus articulate with talus

    inferior, three facets

  • 35

    First bone which ground reaction forces are imparted in walking

    calcaneus

  • 36

    Middle section of the bone has a medial extension called the sustentaculum tali

    calcaneus

  • 37

    Protected by thick pad lies between the bone and skin

    calcaneus

  • 38

    Horizontal sheld on which the interior medial aspect of talus is supported

    sustentaculum tali

  • 39

    Forms the middle facet of the talocrural joint

    sustentaculum tali

  • 40

    Palpated just distal to the tip of the medial malleolus

    sustentaculum tali

  • 41

    Calcaneus articulates with cuboid

    anteriorly

  • 42

    Medial and lateral tubercles serve as insertion sites for plantar fascia and intrinsic foot muscles

    calcaneus

  • 43

    Boat shaped bone

    navicular

  • 44

    Articulates with talus posteriorly and the three cuneiforms anteriorly

    navicular

  • 45

    Found medially, palpated a finger’s width anterior to sustentaculum tali

    navicular tuberosity

  • 46

    Wedge shaped bones anterior to navicular

    cuneiforms

  • 47

    Lie across the instep of the foot to form the transverse arch of foot

    cuneiforms

  • 48

    Three side serve to articular with other bones

    cuboid

  • 49

    Lateral and plantar surfaces have a groove for the peroneus longus tendon

    cuboid

  • 50

    Largest cuneiform

    medial

  • 51

    Smallest cuneiform

    intermediate

  • 52

    Found between the tuberosity of the navicular and base of the first MT

    medial cuneiform

  • 53

    Lies in line with the second MT

    intermediate cuneiform

  • 54

    Lies in line with the third MT, articulates with the medial cuboid

    lateral cuneiform

  • 55

    Medial articulation of cuboid

    lateral cuneiform

  • 56

    Anterior articulation of cuboid

    4th and 5th MTs

  • 57

    Posterior articulation of cuboid

    calcaneus

  • 58

    Composes the forefoot

    metatarsals, phalanges

  • 59

    Thinnest and longest

    second mt

  • 60

    Shortest and thickest

    first mt

  • 61

    Firmly wedged at the proximal end by the cuneiforms proximally and adjacent metatarsals

    second mt

  • 62

    More posterior in relation to third mt

    fourth mt

  • 63

    Has a tuberosity and is the site of insertion for peroneus brevis

    fifth mt

  • 64

    Concavely arched on the plantar aspect which improves load absorption during weight bearing

    metatarsals

  • 65

    Easily palpated in toes

    phalanges

  • 66

    How many phalangeal bones

    14

  • 67

    Broader

    middle phalanges

  • 68

    Taller

    proximal phalanges

  • 69

    Flatter and smaller

    distal phalanges

  • 70

    Occurs as two segments of the joint move closer together

    dorsiflexion

  • 71

    Known as flexion in the pure sagittal plane

    dorsiflexion

  • 72

    Occurs when two segments of the joint move further apart

    plantarflexion

  • 73

    Known as extension in the pure sagittal plane

    plantarflexion

  • 74

    Rotation movement so that bottom of the foot rolls to the opposite limb

    inversion

  • 75

    Rolls to the sole of the foot away from the opposite limb

    eversion

  • 76

    Rotation of the foot along a transverse plane around a vertical axis away from midline

    abduction

  • 77

    Rotation of the foot around a vertical axis toward the midline

    adduction

  • 78

    Known as pronatioj and supination of the ankle and foot

    triplanar movement

  • 79

    Joint axes intersect all three planes

    triplanar movement

  • 80

    Functional movements of the foot typically occur as a result of all three movements

    triplanar movement

  • 81

    Not all joints serve to impact functional motion unless they ate affected by pathology

    true

  • 82

    Primarily serve weight bearing functions and can compensate for pathologies mote proximal in the kinematic chain

    joints

  • 83

    Interosseous membrane runs between the two bones and serves to maintain alignment and as a muscle attachment site of the leg muscles

    tibiofibular

  • 84

    Proximal tibiofibular joint

    synovial

  • 85

    Distal tibiofibular joint

    syndesmosis

  • 86

    Forgotten joint

    proximal tibiofibular

  • 87

    Movement is minimal and occurs with dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot

    proximal tibiofibular

  • 88

    Fibula moves superiorly

    dorsiflexion

  • 89

    Fibula moves inferiorly

    plantarflexion

  • 90

    Movement restraints of proximal tibiofibular joint

    biceps femoris tendon, LCL, tendon of popliteus, tibiofibular ligaments, fascia

  • 91

    In proximal tibiofibular joint, slighr gliding motion occur as the ankle dorsiflexes. Restriction at this joint = limited plantarflexion

    first true, second false

  • 92

    In distal tibiofibular joint, as the ankle dorsiflexes,

    the fibula abducts from the tibia as it rotates medially

  • 93

    In distal tibiofibular joint, as the ankle plantarflexes,

    the fibula adducts from the tibia as it rotates laterally

  • 94

    Normal tibial torsion

    20-23 deg

  • 95

    Proximal TF joint articular surfaces

    concave: articular surface at tibia, convex: articular surface at fibula

  • 96

    Ankle joint

    talocrural

  • 97

    What holds the talocrural joint firmly in place, creating a strong mortise for the trochlea and wedge shaped talus

    tibiofibular ligaments

  • 98

    What type of joint is talocrural and how many degrees of freedom

    hinge, one degree

  • 99

    Talocrural joint capsule is reinforced medially and laterally by what ligaments

    MCL or deltoid, LCL

  • 100

    A line formed by the tips of the malleoli approximate the joiny axis

    talocrural