Locked knee essence during extension is for quads not to contract continuously

10mm in width

Stout; rarely injured

if not normal, it can alter the normal function of the joint

Normally does not interfere

Smaller, without broken line

Patella lies on the femur

Only happens when knees are flexed 90 deg

Knee hyperextension

Patellofemoral has no ROM

Measurement to assess patellar height

Q angle

Axis of motion: lateral condyle

Fully automatic

OKC EXTENSION

TESTING ROM OF TIBIAL ROT: IR/ER leg

Largest sesamoid bone

When is PJM usually done

Longer

Locking mechanism with an automatic terminal locking

4/5 of a ring

Patella goes down

During knee flexion

Patellofemoral capsular pattern

Normal in walking, stair climbing

Specialized articulation within the complex

Similar to labrum

Unstable tibia

No fixed point

What happens when ITB becomes tensed

Distributes the load

Patella deeply embedded

CKC EXTENSION

Bigger without broken line

Observed in vehicular accidents; head on collisions

Can be measured

Traction then oscillate anteriorly

Angle of pull of quads is very strong towards the anterior side

Due to inequality of the articular surface of femur condyles

Bigger patellar surface will coincide with the bulge of the lateral femoral patellar surface

Supporting tissues

CKC FLEXION

Moves in arc as you flex or extend

Closed chain

Due to joint assymmetry

Diagonally oriented

Most common MOI

Bony blick of patella to prevent dislocation or subluxation

biggest joint in human body

Lateral meniscus attachment

Has 2 bands that becomes taut during anterior translation in tibia

Most common type of meniscal injury

In walking, the GRF will matter as to where the contact is

Axis of motion: intercondylar eminence

Open chain

Has fibers going to the patella

No medial facet is in contact, only ofd and lateral facet

Has greater contact surface tune

Lateral tibial rotation

During knee flexion

Knee joint

Blends with posterior capsule

When looking with the distal articulating surface at rest/standing: bigger surface contact

Movement along longitudinal axis of the patella

PROXIMAL

Odd facet contracts medially; medial and lateral facets also maje contact against the femur

Femur extension

When it tears, there will be a flap

Posterior tibia — anterior femur

Not purely allowing 1 degree of freedom

Femur flexion

Stable tibia

Semicircular

Tibia against femur

Most commonly injured

small facet found medially

Becomes a supporting tissue (like the collaterals)

Serves as a bony block to the patella so that it wont be pulled laterally (defense mechanism)

Problem in the synovium

Restricts side to side motion

Weight bearing at rest: normal slight genu valgum degrees

Patellofemoral OPP

Supporting tissue at the back of the knee

Major supporting structures in the knee

Instances that increases q angle

Arthritis contracts in this surface which degenerates first

Cruciates are found inside the capsule

Most common injury of PCL

Patella goes up

Locking mechanism; automatic terminal rotation

Active knee flexion

TESTING OF TIBIAL ROT: align with thigh

Contribute to stability

how it behaves depends upon where it is attached

Hapoens during knee extension

If foot is very straight, BOS narrow

WB>NWB

Strong trauma to tibia anterior which translates posterior

Supports ACL

No actual surface contact thats why you can move it side to side