Techniques for teaching students in clinical settings

97問 • 1年前

問題一覧

In _____, _______ and colleagues stated that the purpose of clinical education

1968, Callahan

Purpose of clinical education according to Callahan and colleagues

Assist student to correlate clinical practices with basic sciences, Acquire new knowledge, attitudes and skill to observe, Evaluate, Develop realistic goals and plan effective treatment programs, Accept professional responsibility, Maintain a spirit of inquiry and develop pattern for continuing education

The importance of clinical education is expressed by students when they remind instructors “__________________” in physical therapy occurs in the clinic

real learning

_______________ has a profound effect on how students practice and how they want to teach the next generation of students

Clinical teacher

Clinical learning is situated in the context of physical therapy practice

True

Fundamental elements of clinical education

Student, Patient, Clinical teacher

As the treatment of patients with impairments and functional limitations related to human movement and movement dysfunction has moved from outpatient to inpatient settings, physical therapy clinical education has moved from hospitals to a variety of community based centers

First statement is false, second is true

Community based centers

Outpatient health care facilities, Schools, Retirement centers, Health promotion and wellness centers, Preschools

Students get a fuller view of the quality of life of a patient when the patient is seen not only during acute illness requiring hospitalization but also in outpatient clinics where patients are treated for movement related disorders.

True

Explicitly defining the desired outcome for each clinical experience dictates the appropriate timing in

Curriculum, Duration of experience, Type of setting, Qualifications of clinical teacher

Students’ late experiences may be even more critical than experiences that occuring before the completion of the didactic curriculum

False

Basic knowledge and skills are prerequisite to clinical learning

True

Acquisition of knowledge

Classroom

Acquisition of skill

Laboratory

Use of knowledge and skill for clinical decision making

Clinic

The control of academic teaching lies with

education system

The control of clinical teaching lies with

healthcare system and patient

Organized for the efficiency and convenience of the system, its administration and faculty and technologies

Academic

Organized for the convenience of delivering healthcare to the patient

Clinical

The ______ setting is a unique and complex learning environment

clinical

University mission and program objectives

External source

Assignment of students

External source

Time and length of assignment

External source

Department policies and procedures

Internal source

Assignment of the clinical instructor

Internal source

Health requirements

Internal source

Preparation and experience

Clinical teacher

Value judgments

Clinical teacher

Clinical learnin occurs in the context of the whole as opposed to isolated parts of physical therapy care

True

Holistic activities with concentrated work on the simple parts promote the acquisition of needed knowledge and skill with the opportunity to learn how to learn

False

The clinical education belongs to the

student

It requires the ___’s time, energy and creativity. It is imperative that the _____ accepts ownership and responsibility for the experience

CI, students

Focus of goal orientation: Judgment

Dampeners

Focus of goal orientation: Development and learning

Motivators

High performance expectation

Motivators

Low performance expectation

Dampeners

Governed by rules and regulations, prescriptive, mandatory experiences

Dampeners

Self-directed, multiple opportunitues with recommendations

Motivators

Routine extrinsic rewards and incentives

Dampeners

Challenging, encourage deep and rich thinking processes

Motivators

Dominate and control behavior

Dampeners

Emphasize conformity

Dampeners

Emphasize creativity, innovation and alternative perspectives

Motivators

Primary goal of clinical teaching

enable the student to build bridges between theory and practice

Academic knowledge needs to be reformatted in the contextal basis of patient care

True

A transformation of knowledge done by integrating reflective experience

Clinical wisdom

The bridge between theory and practice is a one-way street

False

Knowing is not enough. Students must learn to put their knowledge to work, and in doing so, practice and perform fundamental skills to enhance movement

Both statements are true

Physical therapists

Palpate, Stabilize, Inhibit, Teach, Simplify, Modify, Facilitate, Intervene

Skilled performance comes only with

Practice, Development, Refinement

Process in which a student is socialized into the profession of physical therapy

acculturation

Account of how a new person is added to the group and becomes a member capable of meeting the traditional expectations of yhe profession

socialization process

Physical therapy us a service-oriented profession. Clinical education occurs in setting where patients comes to receive care

Both statements are true

Patients are not exhibits who give time and money to come to a clinic to provide an example of a diagnosis for a student

True

Is a critical ability for professional practice

accurate self assessment

Hallmark of professional behavior

lifelong reflective practice

Begin to know your students as people rather than as students

True

Make it clear that you believe in the students’ abilities to work at low levels of excellence

False

Avoid didactic monologues. Don’t expect a given answer in discussions

True

Work from experience into theory only

False

Move students from success to success yet prepare them to accept constant failure

False

Capitalize on storytelling. Help students view mistakes as disappointment

First statement is true, second is false

Enable students to think aboht learning as _____ in addition to ______

finding, receiving

Enable understanding of the ______ instead of ___________

whole, bits and pieces

Encourage humor and spontaneity. Cultivate rigor and joy in practice

Both statements are true

Praise you students’ work excessively. Find ways of making public the good works of the students

First statement is false, second is true

_________ for the clinical education experience is a key component that begins after a students is assigned to a clinical instructor

preparation

Recalls facts or principles

Knowledge

Never presume that a student has the prerequisite needed to examine or treat a patient with particular disease, impairment, disability, particularly during early clinical education experiences

Knowledge

Questions are to be asked in a manner that encourages verbal exchange and provides the student with an opportunity to support and reinforce basic information or correct misconceptions

Knowledge

Demonstrate understanding of knowledge

Translation

Require student to perform a simple transformation or to interpret the functional meaning of a laboratory test

Translation

True learning in the clinical setting mag not occur until learner becomes the teacher

Translation

Challenge problem-solving and clinical decision-making skills

Excognitive

Requires the student to reorganize knowledge, apply principles, and predict outcomes

Excognitive

Appropriate after a student has taken the patient’s history and performed the objective examinations

Excognitive

Guide in the development of goals as well as the treatment plan

Excognitive

Require the student to make judgements about value of ideas, solutions and methods

Evaluation

Phrased properly, evaluation questions reinforce self-assisted learning and encourage critical analysis

Evaluation

To ensure that selection of clinucak learning experiences matches the student’s readiness

Ongoing re-evaluation of student performance

The CI may be able to choose between the patients, but this may not be possible in the real world

Selection of clinical problems

The CI needs to identify learning opportunities within the context of practice that day or even at the moment

Selection of clinical problems

Monitor student performance