ROM

71問 • 2年前

問題一覧

An important therapeutic intervention that is used to improve the functional capacity of patients

Exercise

Basic types of exercise

Passive, Active

Requires the patient to wssist with or independently perform the exercise with the use of an active, voluntary contraction of muscle

Active exercise

Used for patients who are unable or not permitted to contract the muscles or who need to avoid undesired muscle contraction

Passive exercise

Used to promote motion or movement

Support

Used to avoid, limit, or prohibit movement

Stabilization

The caregiver must integrate knowledge of the musculoskeletal, neuromuscular and cardiopulmonary systems to properly determine and implement an exercise program

True

Measurements of joint range of motion with a goniometer

Goniometric measurements

Evaluation of the function and strength of individual muscles and muscle groups based on effective performance of a movement in relation to the forces of gravity and manual resistance

Manual Muscle Testing

Cardinal planes

Sagittal, Transverse, Coronal/frontal

Divides the body into left and right

Sagittal

Divides the body into anterior and posterior

Coronal

Divides the body into upper and lower components

Transverse

Movement of joint or body segmebt by a force external to the body within an unrestricted and normal ROM without active, voluntary muscle contraction by the patient

Passive ROM

PROM is the same with passive stretching

False

The goal or objective is to maintain the unrestricted joint range

PROM

The goal or objective is to increase the joint range to full joint range

Passive stretching

Movement of joint or body segment produced by active, voluntary muscle contractions by the patient within the unrestricted, normal ROM

Active ROM

No increase in joint range should be expected, but strength and endurance can be increased

AROM

May be used when muscular weakness, fatigue or pain limit the patient’s performance and when active, voluntary muscle contracyions are desired

Active assistive ROM

Used when a patient is unable to perform any active exercise

PROM

Used to agoid exercuse of an unhealed fracture when healing of the fracture would be disrupted by with active muscle contractions

PROM

PROM cannot prevent muscle atrophy

True

PROM is more effective than active exercise

FALSE

Used when a patient is able to voluntarily contract, control and coordinate muscular movements without assistance, when no contraindications to its use exist, and when its established benefits are desirable to fulfill the goaks of the patient’s treatment

AROM

PNF

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

Can be a beneficial treatment when a patient is unable to actively move a body segment

PROM

Can be performed by the patient, by a family member or by a trained professional

Manual PROM

Unyielding painless sensation

Hard-bone to bone

Yielding compression

Soft-soft tissue appr.

Firm (springy) type of movement with a slight give; elastic resistance

Firm-tissue stretch

Invoked by movement; early muscle spasm occurs early in the ROM

Early muscle spasm

Occurs late in the ROM; caused by instability and resulting irritability caused by movement

Late muscle spasm

Similar to firm tissue stretch; has a feel thick to it

Hard capsule

Similar to normal but with a restricted ROM; has soft, boggy end feel

Soft capsule

Abnormal bone to bone

Bone to bone

Considerable pain is produced by movement; stopped w no mechanical resistance

Empty

Similar to tissue stretch but unpredicatbly; internal derangement

Springy block

PROM should be performed through the entire unrestricted, normal range of the joint and soft tissue

TRUE

When soft tissues are compressed or stretched

Soft

When joint capsules or ligaments are stretched

Firm

When a bony block or resistance is reached

Hard

When no end feel is elicited because the patient does not permit full motion to occur

Empty

Mechanical devices is important because it assists in maintaining proper capsular and ligamentous flexibility

False

The goals in ROM exercises for _______ are to prevent contractures, maintain ROM, and provide protection form shoulder subluxation by proper positioning of the affected side

hemiplegic

Research studues have not soecifically determined the frequency or number of reps necessary for PRIM to be effective

TRUE

Passive movement should be perfomed in the direction opposite to the movement the muscke would produce if it were to contract actively

TRUE

Many combinatuons or types of muscle contractions and assistance or resistance cane be used an PROM exercise program

FALSE

Basic types of contraction

Isotonic, Isometric, Isokinetic

Shortening of muscle

Concentric

Lengthening of muscle

Eccentric

Can be used to maintain or increase strength, power and endurance

Isotonic

Promote local circulation

Isotonic

Eccentric muscke develips more tension in the muscle than a concentric contraction

True

When no resistance is applied, the contraction is frequently termed

Muscle setting

During exercise with a patient who has an unprotected healing fracture, apply resistance to the distl segment of the fracture

False

Active exercise is contraindicated by a patient who has unstable angina or has a myocardial infraction within the past 30 days

True

Common forms of active exercise

Active assistive, Active free, Active resistive

Requires the patient to actively contract the muscles involved in the exercise maximally while receiving assistance from another source to perform the exercise

Active assistive

The greates amount of assistance should be given when the patient has the greatest difficulty performing the activity

Active assistive

Performed by the patient without any assistance or resistance other than gravity gravity and the weight of the extremity or segment involved in the exercise

Active free

The more exercises you attempt and the more positions you use, the better you will be able to determine how to position a patient to obtain maximal effort while avoiding undesired motions

Active free

Requires the addition of a resistive force other than gravity

Active resistive

Require th patient to use maximal contraction to perform the activity but the movement should be able to be completed slowly, smoothly and through entire available ROM

Active resistive

The shorter the lever arm, the greater the torque the patient can develop

Active resistance

The longer the lever arm, the less force will need to provide resistance

Active resistance

When th epatient performs an isotonic contraction, the maximal resistance able to be used is the resistance that can be overcome through the part of the range where the muscle has the weakes contractile capacity

True

Can be used to increase muscle strength through te addition of manual or mechanical assistance

Isometric Resistive Exercise

No observable joint motion should occur when this contraction is performed.

Isometric Exercise

Gravity has less effect on the muscle contraction when this type of exercise is used, and the patient’s position is not as important

Isometric exercise

Form of isometric exercise that can be beneficial to maintain some muscle tone, to maintain contractile awareness and to allow exercise to an immobilized, innervated muscle

Isometric exercise

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Kyla Rafols · 54問 · 2年前

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