Airports, ATC and Airspace

1,000 feet

500 feet

500 feet

rapid identification of the approach end of the runway during reduced visibility

REIL

Arrows leading to the threshold mark

During conditions of standing water, slush, high speed, and smooth runway texture

white lettering with a red background

White with a red background

yellow, and the dashed lines are nearest the runway

an entrance to runway from a taxiway

identifies where aircraft hold short of the runway

paved area where aircraft entry is prohibited

designation and direction of taxiway leading out of an intersection

Safe obstruction clearance in the approach area

3.00°

If departing to the high side of the glidepath, the far bars will change from red to white

white and the far bar as red

level off momentarily to intercept the proper approach path

constitute a 2-bar VASI for using the upper glidepath

a single unit, projecting a three-color visual approach path

One light projector with three colors: red, green, and amber

3.0°

5

7

4

10

11

8

9

12

Light quartering tailwind

of the high angle of attack and high gross weight

The upwind vortex would tend to remain over the runway

Beyond the jet's touchdown point

Climb on the centerline of the airway except when maneuvering to avoid other air traffic in VFR conditions

Execute gentle banks, left and right, at a frequency which permits continuous visual scanning of the airspace about you

When weather conditions permit, regardless of whether operating under IFR or VFR

To see and avoid other traffic

the FSS

To advise of changes in flight data which affect instrument approach procedures (IAP), aeronautical charts, and flight restrictions prior to normal publication

FAA AFSS/FSS

Airport Facility Directory, Distant (D) NOTAM's, and Local (L) NOTAM's

Upon receipt of any official weather, regardless of content change or reported values

the ceiling is more than 5,000 feet and visibility is 5 miles or more

the ground visibility is less than 3 miles and/or the ceiling is less than 1,000 feet in Class B, C, or D airspace

The point of first intended landing

Any time a portion of the flight will be VFR

All points of transition from one airway to another, fixes defining direct route segments, and the clearance limit fix

Prior to transitioning to IFR, contact the nearest FSS, close the VFR portion, and request ATC clearance

Only in VFR conditions when not in Class A airspace

Upon landing, you must close your flight plan by radio or by telephone to any FSS or ATC facility

A predetermined geographical position used for an RNAV route or an RNAV instrument approach

Read back those parts containing altitude assignments or vectors and any part requiring verification

Destination airport, altitude, DP Name, Number, and/or Transition, if appropriate

Name of destination airport or specific fix and altitude

of the destination airport filed in the flight plan

destination airport and route

The pilot must advise ATC as soon as possible, but no later than 30 minutes, of their intentions if not off by the void time

It authorizes a pilot to conduct flight at any altitude from minimum IFR altitude up to and including 6,000

Climbs may be made to, or descents made from, 6,000 feet at the pilot's discretion

vacate 4,000 feet without notifying ATC

When departing from a runway intersection

When advised by the tower

Maintain an optimum climb on the centerline of the airway without intermediate level-offs until 1,000 feet below assigned altitude, then 500 to 1,500 feet per minute

As rapidly as practicable to 1,000 feet above/below the assigned altitude, and then between 500 and 1,500 feet per minute until reaching the assigned altitude

500 feet per minute and 1,500 feet per minute

When leaving final approach fix in bound on final approach

Fixes selected to define the route

At all times if the equipment has been calibrated, unless requested otherwise by ATC

40° to the right of the aircraft's nose

Resume normal position reporting

Your aircraft has been identified on the radar display and radar flight-following will be provided until radar identification is terminated

You should maintain the airway by use of your navigation equipment

You are to assume responsibility for your own navigation

Separation from all IFR aircraft and participating VFR aircraft

Avoid the clouds and inform ATC that altitude/heading will not permit VFR

Continue on the assigned heading and query ATC

Reduce IAS to 160 knots and maintain that speed within 10 knots

When the average true airspeed changes 5 percent or 10 knots, whichever is greater

Before entering Class D airspace

Airport Advisory Service

Airport advisories

Merely an advisory that indicates an emergency situation is possible should any undue delay occur

Depart the holding fix at the EFC time, and complete the approach

Depart the holding fix at the EFC time

Set transponder to code 7600, continue flight on assigned route and fly at the last assigned altitude or the MEA, whichever is higher

Continue on the route specified in your clearance, fly at an altitude that is the highest of last assigned altitude, altitude ATC has informed you to expect, or the MEA

Continue the flight under VFR and land as soon as practicable

VFR and land as soon as practicable

Notify ATC of the failure and continue to the next airport of intended landing where repairs can be made

After immediately notifying ATC, you may continue to the next airport of intended landing where repairs can be made

Report the malfunction immediately to ATC

Class D, Class C, Class B, Class E, and special use airspace

ATC does not control air traffic

The Class E airspace extending upward from 700 feet or more above the surface and terminating at the base of the overlying controlled airspace

700 feet AGL or more to the base of the overlying controlled airspace

18,000 feet to and including FL 600

separate certain military activities from IFR traffic