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23問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Given a situation where screening cells, major crossmatch, autocontrol, and DAT (anti-IgG) are all positive, what procedure should be performed next? A. Adsorption using rabbit stroma B. Antigen typing of patient cells C. Elution followed by a cell panel on the eluate D. Selected cell panel

C. Elution followed by a cell panel on the eluate

A major crossmatch and screening cells are 2+ at IS, 1+ at 37°C, and negative at the IAT phase. Identify the most likely problem. A. Combination of antibodies B. Cold alloantibody C. Rouleaux D. Test error

B. Cold alloantibody

What corrective action should be taken when rouleaux causes positive test results? A. Perform a saline replacement technique B. Perform an autoabsorption C. Run a panel D. Perform an elution

A. Perform a saline replacement technique

All of the following are reasons for performing an adsorption, except: A. Separation of mixtures of antibodies B. Removal of interfering substances C. Confirmation of weak antigens on red cells D. Identification of antibodies causing a positive DAT

D. Identification of antibodies causing a positive DAT

How long must a recipient sample be kept in the blood bank following compatibility testing? A. 3 days B. 5 days C. 7 days D. 10 days

C. 7 days

What is the crossmatching protocol for platelets and/or plasma? A. Perform a reverse grouping on donor plasma B. No testing is required C. Perform a reverse grouping on recipient plasma D. Platelets must be HLA compatible

B. No testing is required

What are the compatibility requirements for an autologous unit? A. ABO and Rh typing B. Type and screen C. Major crossmatch D. All of these options

A. ABO and Rh typing

A patient types as AB positive. Two units of blood have been ordered by the physician. Currently, the inventory shows no AB units, 10 A-positive units, 1 A-negative unit, 5 B-positive units, and 20 O-positive units. Which should be set up for the major crossmatch? A. A-positive units B. O-positive units C. B-positive units D. Call another blood supplier for type-specific blood

A. A-positive units

Which of the following comprises an abbreviated crossmatch? A. ABO, Rh, and antibody screen B. ABO, Rh, antibody screen, IS crossmatch C. Type and screen D. ABO, Rh, IS crossmatc

B. ABO, Rh, antibody screen, IS crossmatch

When may an IS crossmatch be performed? A. When a patient is being massively transfused B. When there is no history of antibodies and the current antibody screen is negative C. When blood is being emergency released D. When a patient has not been transfused in the past 3 months

B. When there is no history of antibodies and the current antibody screen is negative

A patient had a transfusion reaction to packed red blood cells. The medical laboratory scientist began the laboratory investigation of the transfusion reaction by assembling pre- and post-transfusion specimens and all paperwork and computer printouts. What should he do next? A. Perform a DAT on the post-transfusion sample B. Check for a clerical error(s) C. Repeat ABO and Rh typing of patient and donor unit D. Perform an antibody screen on the posttransfusion sample

B. Check for a clerical error(s)

What is the pathophysiological cause surrounding anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions? A. Antibody in patient serum is detected 3–7 days after transfusion, and is attached to donor red blood cells B. Donor plasma has reagins (IgE or IgA) that combine with allergens in patient plasma C. Patient is deficient in IgE and develops IgE antibodies via sensitization from transfusion or pregnancy D. Patient is deficient in IgA and develops IgA antibodies via sensitization from transfusion or pregnancy

D. Patient is deficient in IgA and develops IgA antibodies via sensitization from transfusion or pregnancy

A patient has a hemolytic reaction to blood transfused 8 days ago. What is the most likely cause? A. Immediate, nonimmunologic probably due to volume overload B. Delayed immunologic, probably due to an antibody such as anti-Jka C. Delayed nonimmunologic, probably due to iron overload D. Immediate, immunologic, probably due to clerical error, ABO incompatibility

B. Delayed immunologic, probably due to an antibody such as anti-Jka

What may be found in the serum of a person who is exhibiting signs of TRALI (transfusion-related acute lung injury)? A. Red blood cell alloantibody B. IgA antibody C. Antileukocyte antibody D. Allergen

C. Antileukocyte antibody

Which type of transfusion reaction occurs in about 1% of all transfusions, results in a temperature rise of 1°C or higher, is associated with blood component transfusion, and is not related to the patient’s medical condition? A. Immediate hemolytic B. Delayed hemolytic C. Febrile nonhemolytic reaction D. Transfusion-related acute lung injury

C. Febrile nonhemolytic reaction

What would be the result of group A blood given to an O patient? A. Nonimmune transfusion reaction B. Immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction C. Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction D. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction

B. Immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction

Patient DB received 2 units of group A-positive red cells 2 days ago. Two days later, he developed a fever and appeared jaundiced. His blood type was A positive. A transfusion reaction workup was ordered. There were no clerical errors detected. A post-transfusion specimen was collected and a DAT performed. The DAT was positive with monospecific anti-IgG. The plasma was also hemolyzed. An antibody screen and panel studies revealed the presence of anti-Jkb (postspecimen). The antibody screen on the pretransfusion specimen was negative. Which of the following explain the positive DAT? A. The donor cells had a positive DAT B. The donor cells were polyagglutinable C. The donor cells were likely positive for the Jkb antigen D. The recipient cells were likely positive for the Jkb antigen

C. The donor cells were likely positive for the Jkb antigen

All of the following are part of the preliminary evaluation of a transfusion reaction, except: A. Check pre- and post-transfusion samples for color of serum B. Perform ABO and Rh recheck C. DAT on the post-transfusion sample D. Panel on pre- and post-transfusion samples

D. Panel on pre- and post-transfusion samples

A 68-year-old female diagnosed with neutropenia and inflammation of the left hand was typed as A positive, and received 1 packed red blood cell unit. The antibody screen was negative and crossmatch was compatible. During the transfusion, her pulse was 94, and blood pressure rose from 114/59 to 132/64. Her temperature rose from 37.1°C pretransfusion to 37.8°C 60 minutes after starting transfusion, then to 38.1°C upon completion. A post-transfusion specimen yielded plasma that was neither hemolyzed nor icteric, and a negative DAT. Post-transfusion urinalysis gave a 1+ blood and protein with 10 RBCs/hpf microscopically. The clerical check was acceptable. What type of reaction most likely occurred as a result of transfusion? A. Allergic B. Circulatory overload C. Febrile nonhemolytic D. Delayed hemolytic

C. Febrile nonhemolytic

A 92-year-old male diagnosed with anemia and episodes of frequent falling was typed as B negative and transfused 1 unit of packed red blood cells, also B negative. He was not recently transfused, and the antibody screen was negative. During the transfusion, his temperature rose from 36.2°C to 36.4°C, his pulse rose from 96 to 124, respirations from 18 to 20, and BP from 127/81 to 174/83. He was transfused with 205 mL before a reaction was called by the transfusionist. The postspecimen DAT was negative and clerical check acceptable. Urinalysis yielded 1+ blood with 5 RBCs microscopically. Other symptoms included tachycardia and flushing. What reaction had most likely taken place? A. Febrile nonhemolytic B. Acute hemolytic C. Anaphylactic D. Volume overload

D. Volume overload

A 76-year-old female diagnosed with urosepsis was transfused 2 units of packed red blood cells. Her type was AB positive with a negative antibody screen. The units transfused were AB positive. Upon receiving the second unit, the patient became hypoxic with tachypnea. The clerical check was acceptable and DAT negative. She received 269 mL from the second unit before a reaction was called. Her temperature fell from 38°C to 36.4°C, her pulse increased from 72 to 90, and respirations rose from 35 to 41. Her BP was 110/70. The patient expired approximately 12 hours from the time the reaction was called. What type of reaction was most likely present? A. Febrile B. Symptoms not related to transfusion C. Allergic D. TRALI

B. Symptoms not related to transfusion

A 52-year-old male received 2 units of packed red blood cells as an outpatient in the IV therapy unit. He had a 20-year history of head trauma and was quadriplegic. He had recurrent pneumonia and hematuria due to removal of a Foley catheter. His blood type was A positive with a previously identified anti-Fya. There was an ABO discrepancy in that the A1 cells were positive. The technologist attributed the reaction to the Fya antigen being present on the A1 cells. The patient also had a cold autoantibody. Two units of A-positive packed cells were crossmatched that were Fya negative, and were compatible. One unit was transfused at 11:30 a.m. without incident. The second unit was transfused at 2:16 p.m., and stopped at 3:55 p.m. due to reddish brown–tinged urine discovered in his collection bag. A post-transfusion specimen yielded a positive DAT, and plasma that was grossly hemolyzed. A prewarm crossmatch was incompatible in both the pre- and postspecimen. Anti-E and c were present in the postspecimen. What reaction was most likely present? A. Acute hemolytic B. Febrile C. Allergic D. TRALI

A. Acute hemolytic

An 82-year-old male was admitted for renal failure. His type was B positive, and his antibody screen was negative. Two units of red cells were ordered. The first unit was transfused at 1:00 p.m. without incident. The second was started at 4:15 p.m. and stopped at 5:12 p.m., after the nurse observed the patient had expired. Vital signs were taken at 4:30 p.m. with no abnormalities. A transfusion reaction was called and the blood unit, tubing, and paperwork sent to the blood bank. There were no clinical manifestations noted on the paperwork and no post-transfusion specimen was sent to the blood bank. What type of reaction most likely occurred? A. Symptoms not related to transfusion B. Acute hemolytic reaction C. Anaphylactic reaction D. Volume overload

A. Symptoms not related to transfusion

other names parasitology

Yves Laure Pimentel · 70問 · 2年前

other names parasitology