AUBF LAB SAFETY

Yves Laure Pimentel · 70問 · 2年前

通報

問題一覧

must be update and reviewed annually by the lab directror

safety procedure manuals

safety procedure manuals must be update and reviewed ____ by the lab director

annually

safety procedure manuals must be update and reviewed annually by the lab ____

director

it provides the guidelines for writing these procedures and policies

CLSI- CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STANDARDS INSTITUTE

SOURCE: INFECTIOUS AGENTS; POSSIBLE INJURY: MICROBIAL INFECTION

BILOGIC HAZARDS

SOURCE: NEEDLES, LANCETS, BROKEN GLASS; POSSIBLE INJURY: CUTS, PUNCTURES, OR BLOOD- BORNE

SHARPS HAZARD

SOURCE: PRESERVATIVES AND REAGENTS ; POSSIBLE INJURY: EXPOSURE TO TOXIC, CARCINOGENIC, OR CAUSTIC AGENTS

CHEMICAL HAZARDS

SOURCE: EQUIPMENT AND RADIOISOTOPES ; POSSIBLE INJURY: RADIATION EXPOSURES

RADIOACTIVE HAZARDS

SOURCE: UNGROUNDED OR WET EQUIPMENT, FRAYED CORDS ; POSSIBLE INJURY: BURNS OR SHOCK

ELECTRICAL HAZARDS

SOURCE: OPEN FLAMES, ORGANIC MATERIALS; POSSIBLE INJURY:BURNS OR DISMEMBERMENT

FIRE/ EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS

SOURCE: WET FLOORS, HEAVY BOXES, PATIENTS ; POSSIBLE INJURY: FALLS, SPRAINS, OR STRAINS

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

3 black circles overlapping a single black circle on a yellow backgrund

biohazard

CHAIN OF INFECTION

INFECTIOUS AGENTS->RESERVOIR->PORTAL OF EXIT->MODE OF TRANSMISSION->PORTAL OF ENTRY->SUSCEPTIBLE HOST

bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses

Infectious Agent

location of potentially harmful microorganisms (human or animal)

Reservoir

equipment and other soiled inanimate objects

fomites

mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and eyes, and in blood or other body fluids.

Portal of exit

Means of transmission

Direct contact, Airborne, Droplet, Vehicle, Vector

same as portal exit

portal of entry

stress, fatique, and of proper nutrition

host

primary objective of biologic safety- preventing the__________of the chain of infection

completion

is the primary method of infection transmission

Hand contact

must always sanitize hands before patient contact, after gloves are removed, before leaving the work area, at any time when hands have been knowingly contaminated, before going to designated break areas, and before and after using bathroom facilities. Hand hygiene includes both hand washing and using alcohol based antiseptic cleansers.

Laboratory personnel

best way to break the chain of infection

Hand Hygiene

Rub to form a lather, create friction, and loosen debris. Thoroughly clean between the fingers and under the fingernails for at least ? include thumbs and wrists in the cleaning

20 seconds;

Rinse hands in ______position

downward

last step in handwashing

Turn off the faucet

Use______if hands are visibly soiled

handwash

Use _____ if hands are not visibly soiled

sanitizer / alcohol

what is the most common PPE?

Gloves

worn when in contact with patients, specimens, and laboratory equipment or fixtures Removal = between every patient, contaminated, or damaged, when leaving the work area

Personal Protective Equipment

latex allergy resembles

poison IVY

what type is poison ivy?

type IV

delayed hypersensitivity reactions resembling poison ivy (appear ?)

24 to 48 hours after exposure

: flushing and breathing difficulties

Immediate hypersensitivity

for latex energy

Polyvinyl, nitrile, vinyl

always be completely buttoned and gloves should be pulled over the cuffs Worn at all times and removed prior to leaving the work area Changed when visibly soiled

Fluid resistant gown

N95 mask and HEPA respirator mask um for mtb

0.03 um

Donning:

gown, mask, goggle, gloves

Removing:

gloves, goggles, gown, mask

Gloves and gowncanbe

non sterile

all biologic waste, except _____ must be placed in appropriate containers labeled with the biohazard symbol

urine

Safest Sterilization method:

incineration

destroys prions? and what it causes?

incineration, creutzfeld jacob disease

- Discard by pouring it into a laboratory sink

Urine Specimen

Empty urine containers discarded in ?

non biohazard waste bin

Disinfection of the sink under a Plexiglas countertop shield using ___should be performed ____

bleach (1:5 , 1:10); daily

can be used for routinely disinfecting countertops and accidental spills allowed to air-dry on the contaminated area

Disinfection

Instituted by CDC in 1987 due to Concern over exposure to blood-borne pathogens (HBV, HCV, AND HIV) ii. all patients are considered to be possible carriers of bloodborne pathogens iii. The CDC excluded urine and body fluids

Universal Precautions

all patients are considered to be possible carriers of _____ pathogens

bloodborne

Universal Precautions i. Instituted by

CDC in 1987

The COC excluded IN Universal Precautions

urine and body fluids

modification of UP ii. they consider all body fluids and moist body substances to be potentially infectious iii. wear gloves at all times when encountering moist body substances

body substance isolation (BSI)

In 1996, CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) combined the major features of UP and BSI guidelines

Standard Precautions

Standard Precautions , In ? combined the major features of UP and BSI guidelines

1996, CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC)

use self-sheathing needles or a mechanical device to conceal the needle Use mouthpieces, resuscitation bags, or other ventilation devices as an alternative to mouth to mouth resuscitation methods in areas where the need for resuscitation Is predictable

Occupational health and blood-borne pathogens

Providing sharps disposal containers and needles with safety devices * Requiring discarding of needles with the safety device activated and the holder attached » Labeling all biohazardous materials and containers

Engineering controls

safety training is?

annual basis

Requiring all employees to practice Standard Precautions and documenting training on an annual basis * Prohibiting eating, drinking, smoking, and applying cosmetics in the work area * Establishing a daily work surface disinfection protocol

Work Practice Controls

and laundry facilities for nondisposable protective clothing

Personal Protective Equipment — PPE

-Report any accident to ___IMMEDIATELY to ensure appropriate postexposure prophylaxis (PEP).

supervisor

Sharp objects (needles, lancets, broken glassware) b. Needles should not be transported, recapped, bent, or broken by hand

Sharp Hazards

not alphabetical but accd to property

Chemical Hazards

in any chemical spill

>Evacuate the people = neutralize

If eyes/skin are accidentally splashed with chemicals, it must be washed with flowing water/large amount of water for atle

15 mins

Do not _______, chemicals that come in contact with skin

neutralize

Required by OSHA to all facilities that use hazardous chemicals

Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP)

Major source of safety info.

MSDS (Material safety data sheet)

radioactivity presents very small and represents little danger cumulative Fetus in pregnant women is at risk

Radioactive Hazard

Radiation Exposure:

Time + Distance Shielding (TDS)

Do not operate equipment with WET hands b. Example: frayed cords and overloaded circuits

Electrical Hazard

Use properly grounded equipment ____ Pronged plug

if wet floor: use a non- _____ Material to step on to move or unplug the equipment

NON CONDUCTIBLE

Centrifuge should be balanced Don’t open while centrifuge is still rotating

Mechanical Hazards

Under physical hazard Know the proper position/ posture at work. Lift heavy objects using muscles of LEG the not the back. GRADUALLY increase force when pushing or pulling objects.

Ergonomic Hazard

wet floors and heavy boxes Running Bend knees when lifting heavy objects keep long haired pull back avoid dangling jewelry Maintain a clean and organized workplace Closed-toed shoes

Physical Hazards

Flammable chemical should be stored in safety cabinet and explosion —proof REF cylinders of compressed gas should be located away from heat and securely fastened to a stationary device to prevent accidental capsizing

Fire/ Explosive Hazards

Place the tank in A_____ position

VERTICAL

WHEN A FIRE IS DISCOVERED WHAT SHOULD YOU DO?

RESCUE, ALARM, CONTAIN, EXTINGUISH, EVACUATE

TO Operate an Extinguisher

P-ull the pin , A-im at the base of the fire, S-queez handles, S-weep nozzle side to side

Ordinary Combustibles, wood, paper, cloth, etc

Class A ; Water, Dry chem

Flammable LIQUIDS: grease, gasoline, paint, Flammable organic chemicals

Class B; Dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, foam, or halon

Electrical Equipment and motor switches

Class C ; Dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, or halon

extinguisher For computer—

Halogenated carbon

Flammable Metals, mercury, Na, Lithium

Class D ; Sand or dry powder, Dry chemicals , Metal X: Fire fighters only

Detonation, arsenal fire

Class E ;Allowed to burn out

oil, grease, fats

Class K:

other names parasitology

other names parasitology

70問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 111問 · 2年前

PARASITOLOGY

PARASITOLOGY

111問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 64問 · 2年前

HTMLBE

HTMLBE

64問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 61問 · 2年前

CC - 1 LAB. SAFETY, BASIC UNITS, AND CONVERSION FACTOR

CC - 1 LAB. SAFETY, BASIC UNITS, AND CONVERSION FACTOR

61問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 69問 · 2年前

HISTOPATHOLOGY

HISTOPATHOLOGY

69問 • 2年前

CC-2 SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

CC-2 SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

Yves Laure Pimentel · 41問 · 2年前

CC-3 ELECTROPHORESIS

CC-3 ELECTROPHORESIS

41問 • 2年前

CSF 1

CSF 1

Yves Laure Pimentel · 82問 · 2年前

CSF 2

CSF 2

82問 • 2年前

SEMEN 1

SEMEN 1

Yves Laure Pimentel · 7問 · 2年前

SEMEN 2

SEMEN 2

7問 • 2年前

SYNOVIAL FLUID 1

SYNOVIAL FLUID 1

Yves Laure Pimentel · 6問 · 2年前

SYNOVIAL FLUID 2

SYNOVIAL FLUID 2

6問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 25問 · 2年前

SEROUS FLUID

SEROUS FLUID

25問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 44問 · 2年前

PLEURAL FLUID

PLEURAL FLUID

44問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 18問 · 2年前

PERICARDIAL FLUID

PERICARDIAL FLUID

18問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 30問 · 2年前

PERITONEAL FLUID/ ASCITIC FLUID

PERITONEAL FLUID/ ASCITIC FLUID

30問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 92問 · 2年前

AMNIOTIC FLUID

AMNIOTIC FLUID

92問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 80問 · 2年前

FECALYSIS

FECALYSIS

80問 • 2年前