OTHER BODY FLUIDS

Yves Laure Pimentel · 70問 · 2年前

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Net Direct Test for pregnancy (Detection of fetus) but rather, is a test to detect presence of

HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADROTROPHIN (HCG)

produced by the syncytiotrophoblast cells of the PLACENTA

glycoprotein HORMONE CG

stimulates the corpus luteum in the ovary to synthesize progesterone during the first weeks of pregnancy

Alpha Subunit of HCG

HCG, LH, FSH, TSH

Beta Subunit of HCG

Unique for HCG

Minimum Detectable

25 IU/ML

Urine Sample

First Morning Specimen

False (+) Urine HCG

Increased protein

False (-) Urine HCG

Dilute urine

Card Pregnancy Test

Rabbit Anti-HCG

Appearance of 2 black bands in result window, one at T (Test) & the other C (Control)

Report as Positive

Only the control band in the results window

Report as Negative

Recommended that a new sample be collected 48 hours later & tested again using another card pregnancy test device

Very Faint Test Band

Mature Virgin Female Rabbit

Friedman

Friedman Mode of Injection

Marginal Ear Vein

Friedman Positive Result

Hyperemic uterus and corpora hemorrhagica

Immature female mice

Ascheim-Zondek

Ascheim-Zondek Mode of Injection

Subcutaneous

Ascheim-Zondek Positive Result

Formation of hemorrhagic follicles and corpora lutea

Female foad (Xenopus laevis) South African frog-carries eggs throughout the year

Hogben

Hogben Mode of Injection

Lymph Sac

Hogben Positive Result

Oogenesis

Male Frog & Male Toad

Galli-Mainini

Galli-Mainini Mode of Injection

Subcutaneous

Galli-Mainini Positive Result

Spermatogenesis

Immature female rats

Frank- Berman

Frank- Berman Mode of Injection

Subcutaneous

Frank- Berman Positive Result

Ovarian Hyperemia

Female Rat

Kupperman

Kupperman Mode of Injection

Intraperitoneal

Kupperman Positive Result

Ovarian Hyperemia

secrete Gastrin which stimulates Parietal cells to produce Hydrochloric Acid

SPECIALIZED G-CELLS

Secrete Hydrochloric Acid which activates Pepsinogen fo Pepsin

PARIETAL CELLS

Secrete Intrinsic Factor for the intestinal absorption of Vitamin B12

PARIETAL CELLS

PARIETAL CELLS Secrete Intrinsic Factor for the intestinal absorption of ?

Vitamin B12

PARIETAL CELLS Secrete ? which activates Pepsinogen fo Pepsin

Hydrochloric Acid

Secrete Pepsinogen activated by HCL to Pepsin (Catalyzes the digestion of proteins)

ZYMOGEN

Introduced through the mouth

REHFSUSS

Inserted through the NOSE

LEVINE

GASTRIC FLUID Normal Appearance

Pale Gray with Mucus

GASTRIC FLUID Fasting Residual Volume

20-100 ML

GASTRIC FLUID Preffered Stimulant

PENTAGASTRIN:

Test the completeness of Vagotomy Procedure

INSULIN:

Chemical Stimulants GASTRIC FLUID

1 . PENTAGASTRIN: Preffered Stimulant 2. INSULIN: Test the completeness of Vagotomy Procedure 3. Histamine 4. Histalog

12 Hour Overnight Fasting, water maybe taken until 8 hours prior to intubation Four 15-Minute Samples are collected

BASAL ACID OUTPUT

Stimulant is injected for gastric stimulation - gastric secretion is collected Representing the sum of the four 15-minute spx is the MOST ACCEPTABLE Specimen

MAXIMUM ACID OUTPUT

Tubeless Test for Acidity

Diagnex/ Dianex (Azure Blue)

Normal Free HCl

EUCHLORYDIA

Failure to produce a pH <6.0 ff gastric stimulation

ANACIDITY

Decreased Free HCI; Carcinoma of the stomach, Chronic gastritis

HYPOCHLORYDIA

Absence of free HCL

ACHLORYDIA

Highest Elevation of gastrin

ZOLLINGER ELLISION

Absence of HCL (Anti-Parietal Cell, Anti-Intrinsic Factor)

Pernicious anemia

Secreted by TRACHEOBRONCHIAL TREES and brought by coughing

SPUTUM

VOLUME scanty: Bronchial Asthma, Acute Bronchitis, Early Pneumonia

scanty:

VOLUME scanty:

Bronchial Asthma, Acute Bronchitis, Early Pneumonia

VOLUME : Bronchiectasis

Large

VOLUME Large:

Bronchiectasis

ODOR Lung Gangrene, Necrotizing tumors

Foul & Putrid:

ODOR Foul & Putrid:

Lung Gangrene, Necrotizing tumors

ODOR : Bronchiectasis

Sweetish

ODOR Sweetish:

Bronchiectasis

Mucus Only COLOR

COLORLESS

Pus is present COLOR

WHITE/YELLOW

COLOR Presence of Bile; Infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

BRIGHT GREEN

Fresh Blood/ Pnuemonia

RED/ BRIGHT RED

COLOR Old Blood/ Pneumonia

ANCHOVY SAUCE

COLOR Inhalation of Dust/ dirt/ Carbon, anthacosis, heavy smokers

BLACK

Yellowish or gray caseous matter; The size of a pinhead or navy bean which when crushed will give a foul odor.

DITTRICH PLUGS

White or gray fragments of calcified TB Tissue or calcified foreign matter

PNEUMOLITHS

Branching Tree-like casts found in lobar pneumonia, Fibrinous bronchitis, Diptheria

BRONCHIAL CASTS

Found on Bronchial Asthma or following an attack

curschmann spirals

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA:

Curschmann spiral, Creola Bodies, Charcoat- Leyden Crystals

Layer Formation In, bronchiectasis, Gangrene, Lung abscess:

Top Layer: Frothy Mucus 2nd Layer: Opaque Watery Layer 3rd: Pus, Tissues, bacteria

MOST SIGNIFICANT: Pointed at both ends, needle-Like, formed as eosinophil degeneration

CHARCOTT LEYDEN CRYSTALS

Mistaken for Blastomyces (Yeast-Like Fungi)

MYELIN GLOBULES

Provides a method for obtaining cellular & microbiological information from the Lower Respiratory Tract

BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE (BAL)

BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE (BAL) Diagnostic Test for ? in immunocompromised patients

PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII

Useful in evaluating Interstitial Lung diseases, Airway Diseases

BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE (BAL)

BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE (BAL) Desired Volume

10-20 ml (Minimum: 5 ml)

BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE (BAL) Delay > 30 min

TRANSPORT WITH ICE

(BAL) COLOR Acute Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage

BLOODY

(BAL) COLOR Older haemorrhage Syndrome = Iron ee

ORANGE

(BAL) COLOR pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (Accumulation of Phospholipid from pulmonary Surfactant

MILKY

BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE (BAL) "DIFFERENTIAL COUNT COUNT cells on ? = Average | Must AGREE 10%

18 squares on both side

BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE (BAL) "DIFFERENTIAL COUNT COUNT cells on on 18 squares on both side = Average | Must AGREE ?

10%

Metabolic Disease that affects the mucus secreting glands of the body

CYSTIC FIBROSIS

Cholinergic-Like Drug used to stimulate sweat glands

PILOCARPINE

Sweat Chloride & Sodium:

>70 MEQ/L

other names parasitology

other names parasitology

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