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Liver Function Test 1

  • Yves Laure Pimentel

    • 問題数 100 • 12/23/2023

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Liver Is the ____ metabolic organ in the body

    CHIEF

  • 2

    Is the CHIEF metabolic organ in the body

    Liver

  • 3

    Liver Two types of cells:

    hepatocytes and kupfer cells (phagocytic)

  • 4

    . has the capacity to REGENERATE by cell division and hypertrophy of the remaining tissue in case of tissue injury

    Liver

  • 5

    to abolish the liver tissue function, more than ____ of the liver must be destroyed

    80%

  • 6

    Liver Synthetic

    TP, ALB., PT

  • 7

    Liver Conjugation

    BILIRUBIN

  • 8

    Liver Excretory and Secretory

    BILIRUBIN

  • 9

    Liver Detoxification

    AMMONIA

  • 10

    Liver Storage

    VIT. A,D,E,K, GLYCOGEN, WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS (VIT.B COMPLEX)

  • 11

    USE TO CHECK LIVER PROBLEM MARKER OF HEPATO CELLULAR NECROSIS/ HEPATIC NECROSIS

    AST, ALT

  • 12

    – most USEFUL indices for assessing liver severity

    Albumin and Vit.k Dependent Coag Factors

  • 13

    = False increase for protein

    Hemolysis

  • 14

    Plasma levels of total protein is 0.2-0.4 g/dL _______than serum due to fibrinogen

    HIGHER

  • 15

    Plasma levels of total protein is _______ HIGHER than serum due to fibrinogen

    0.2-0.4 g/dL

  • 16

    Total Protein Determination IT is Used rather than Plasma

    Serum

  • 17

    USED TO MEASURE AND QUANTITATE PROTEIN

    ELECTROPHORESIS

  • 18

    STANDARD reference method

    Kjeldahl Method

  • 19

    Measurement of NITROGEN content

    Kjeldahl Method

  • 20

    Kjeldahl Method Measurement of ________content

    NITROGEN

  • 21

    Kjeldahl Method 1 gram of nitrogen =

    6.54 g PROTEINS

  • 22

    Kjeldahl Method Reagent: ? (digesting agent)- WHICH SEPARATES CARBON NUTRIENT

    H2SO4- Sulfuric acid

  • 23

    Curpic Ions + Di peptide +Na+ K+ Tartrate (Rochelle salt) + Potassium Iodide + NaOH = Violet color –_____ nm ? Protein Conc.

    545

  • 24

    WHAT METHOD? Curpic Ions + Di peptide +Na+ K+ Tartrate (Rochelle salt) + Potassium Iodide + NaOH = Violet color –545 nm Protein Conc.

    Biuret Method

  • 25

    has the HIGHEST analytical sensitivity

    Folin-Ciocalteu (Lowry) Method

  • 26

    Folin-Ciocalteu (Lowry) Method (3)

    Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and histidine

  • 27

    Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and histidine Method

    Folin-Ciocalteu (Lowry) Method

  • 28

    Folin-Ciocalteu (Lowry) Method Reagents

    phosphotungstic-molybdic acid or phenol reagent & biuret reagent.

  • 29

    WHAT METHOD USES .Reagents: phosphotungstic-molybdic acid or phenol reagent & biuret reagent.

    Folin-Ciocalteu (Lowry) Method

  • 30

    Ultraviolet Absorption - tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine absorbs at ____ nm

    280

  • 31

    - tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine absorbs at 280 nm

    Ultraviolet Absorption

  • 32

    Ultraviolet Absorption-

    tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine absorbs at 280 nm

  • 33

    – for monoclonal spike

    Electrophoresis

  • 34

    Electrophoresis MOST IMPORTANT FINDING

    MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY

  • 35

    globulin flat curve IN WHAT REGION

    A1

  • 36

    A1 – globulin flat curve DSE

    PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA AND LIVER CIRRHOSIS

  • 37

    – globulin band spike AT

    A2

  • 38

    A2 – globulin band spike DSE

    NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

  • 39

    small spikes in B region DSE

    IDA

  • 40

    alpha-1 & alpha-2 –

    acute

  • 41

    – acute

    alpha-1 & alpha-2

  • 42

    alpha-1, alpha-2, & gamma -

    chronic

  • 43

    - chronic

    alpha-1, alpha-2, & gamma

  • 44

    Polyclonal ↑ (all fractions) in gamma with beta-gamma bridging

    Beta-gamma bridging

  • 45

    Beta-gamma bridging DSE

    HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS

  • 46

    Gamma spike DSE

    MULTIPLE MYELOMA/ MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY

  • 47

    Polyclonal - Diffuse ↑ in gamma

    Gamma spike

  • 48

    Hemolyzed specimen-

    ↑ beta or unusual band between alpha-2 & beta

  • 49

    Serum + sodium sulfate

    Salt Fractionation:

  • 50

    Salt Fractionation:

    Serum + sodium sulfate

  • 51

    Salt Fractionation: Globulin =

    PRECIPITATE

  • 52

    Salt Fractionation: = PRECIPITATE

    Globulin

  • 53

    Salt Fractionation Albumin =

    SUPERNATANT

  • 54

    Salt Fractionation = SUPERNATANT

    Albumin

  • 55

    Turbidimetric & Nephelometric -

    Sulfosalicylic and or Trichloroacetic acid -

  • 56

    - Sulfosalicylic and or Trichloroacetic acid -

    Turbidimetric & Nephelometric

  • 57

    - measurement of refractive index due to solutes in serum

    Refractometry

  • 58

    LIGHT BLOCKED

    Turbidimetric

  • 59

    LIGHT SCATTERED

    Nephelometric

  • 60

    LIGHT BEND IS? TO HIGH CONCENTRATION

    DIRECTLY

  • 61

    REFRACTIVE INDEX FORMULA

    REFRACTIVE INDEX =SPEED OF LIGHT IN AIR/ SPEED OF LIGHT IN WATER SOLUTION OR SOLVENT

  • 62

    WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON PROTEIN AFFECTED

    ALBUMIN

  • 63

    HYPOPROTEINEMIA/ HYPERPROTENEIMIA BRUTONS AGAMMAGLOBUNEMIA

    HYPOPROTEINEMIA

  • 64

    HYPOPROTEINEMIA/ HYPERPROTENEIMIA HYPOGAMMAGLOBUNEMIA

    HYPOPROTEINEMIA

  • 65

    Inherited Immunodeficiency IS NOT INVOLVED IN?

    ALBUMIN

  • 66

    Intrahepatic vs Extrahepatic

    Prothrombin Time (Vitamin K Response Test)

  • 67

    = Loss SYNTHETIC ability of the liver.

    Long PT

  • 68

    THIS IS USED TO ACTIVATE CLOT

    VITAMIN K

  • 69

    VITAMIN K COAGULATION FACTORS

    2,7,9,10

  • 70

    2,7,9,10

    VITAMIN K COAGULATION FACTORS

  • 71

    VITAMIN K COAGULATION FACTORS WHAT BLOOD COMPONENT IS USED?

    FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

  • 72

    MARKERS IN POST HEPATIC

    ALP/GGT

  • 73

    CONJUGATION AND EXCRETION FUNCTION OF THE LIVER

    BILIRUBIN

  • 74

    % urobilinogen –oxidation -> Urobilin/stercobilin

    80%

  • 75

    80% urobilinogen –oxidation ->

    Urobilin/stercobilin

  • 76

    80% urobilinogen –oxidation -> Urobilin/stercobilin color

    orange

  • 77

    recirculates in blood

    20% Urobiliongen:

  • 78

    20% Urobiliongen: color

    colorless

  • 79

    Urobiliongen: ● Recycled and reexcreted to the

    LIVER

  • 80

    Urobiliongen: Filtered to the ___________and excreted in the urine

    KIDNEY

  • 81

    Bilirubin production: ____________ mg/day

    200-300 mg/day

  • 82

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 Water soluble/polar

    Bilirubin 2

  • 83

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 Cholebilirubin

    Bilirubin 2

  • 84

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 Direct reacting

    Bilirubin 2

  • 85

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 Post hepatic/obstructive and regurgitate bilirubin

    Bilirubin 2

  • 86

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 Low affinity for brain tissue

    Bilirubin 2

  • 87

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 Water insoluble/nonpolar

    Bilirubin 1

  • 88

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 Hemobilirubin

    Bilirubin 1

  • 89

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 Indirect reacting

    Bilirubin 1

  • 90

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 Prehepatic bilirubin

    Bilirubin 1

  • 91

    Bilirubin 1/ Bilirubin 2 High affinity for brain tissue

    Bilirubin 1

  • 92

    Bilirubin transport or uptake deficit. Elevated b1

    Gilbert’s syndrome

  • 93

    Gilbert’s syndrome - Bilirubin transport or uptake deficit. Elevated ?

    b1

  • 94

    - Conjugation deficit, most severe

    Crigler-Najjar Syndrome

  • 95

    Crigler-Najjar Syndrome -

    Conjugation deficit

  • 96

    Crigler-Najjar Syndrome type 1

    deficiency of UDGPT

  • 97

    Crigler-Najjar Syndrome type 2

    Partial Deficiency

  • 98

    Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Partial Deficiency what type ?

    type 2

  • 99

    Crigler-Najjar Syndrome UDGPT what type ?

    Type 1

  • 100

    most common bilirubin no morbidity and mortality

    b1