QUALITY IN THE LABORATORY

Yves Laure Pimentel · 70問 · 2年前

通報

問題一覧

Random error – Arises from _____ variations of influence quantities. Error that doesn’t recur in regular pattern

UNPREDICTABLE

– Arises from UNPREDICTABLE variations of influence quantities. Error that doesn’t recur in regular pattern

Random error

Random error – affect __________

PRECISION

– affect PRECISION

Random error

use of wrong pipet

Random error

dirty glassware

Random error

improper mixing

Random error

voltage fluctuation

Random error

voltage fluctuation

Random error

Temperature of analyzer

Random error

Instability of instrument

Random error

sampling error

Random error

mislabeling of samples

Random error

Sample evaporation

Random error

Reagent dispensing

Random error

anticoagulant interference

Random error

drug interference

Random error

Calibrator reconstitution

Random error

violation of the 13S or R4S Westgard rules. Usually a 1-time error

Random error

consistent in one direction or varies in a predictable way. Recurring error inherent in test procedure

Systematic error

Indicated by trend or shift on Levey-Jennings chart, or violation of 22S, 41S, or 10× Westgard rules

Systematic error

dirty photometer

Systematic error

faulty ISE

Systematic error

faulty ISE evaporation or contamination of standards or reagents

Systematic error

calibration prob

Systematic error

Calibration differences

Systematic error

leaky ion selective electrode

Systematic error

Aging reagents

Systematic error

inadequate reagent

Systematic error

poorly written procedures

Systematic error

Wear and tear of instrument

Systematic error

contaminated sol’n

Systematic error

Technologists interaction

Systematic error

Optical changes

Systematic error

Handwritten labels and request forms

Clerical error

Phase of Errors

Preanalytical Error Analytical Error Post Analytical Error

-Incorrect test ordered

Preanalytical Error Before Collection

-Inadequate/improper patient prep

Preanalytical Error Before Collection

-MisID of ptx

Preanalytical Error Before Collection

-Wrong container/additive

Preanalytical Error During Collection

incorrect order of draw

Preanalytical Error During Collection

-Short draws

Preanalytical Error During Collection

-Prolonged tourniquet

Preanalytical Error During Collection

-Hemolysis

Preanalytical Error During Collection

-Inadequate mixing

Preanalytical Error After Collection

-Mislabelling of specimen

Preanalytical Error After Collection

Improper transport

Preanalytical Error After Collection

-Processing errors: incomplete centri, incorrect LOG-IN, improper storage, or aliquoting prior to analysis

Preanalytical Error After Collection

Equipment malfunction

Analytical Error

Interference

Analytical Error

Interference

Analytical Error

Procedures not followed Undetected failure in QC

Analytical Error

Unavailable or delayed lab results

Post Analytical Error

Incomplete lab results

Post Analytical Error

Wrong transcription

Post Analytical Error

Wrong interpretation

Post Analytical Error

is the science of gathering, analyzing, interpreting and presenting data

Statistics

Mean – measure of _______ tendency, symmetrical or normal distribution

CENTRAL

– measure of CENTRAL tendency, symmetrical or normal distribution

Mean

____ - difference between the observed mean and the reference mean

BIAS

values tend to be lower than the reference value,

Negative bias

test values are generally higher.

positive bias test

is a type of constant systematic error.

BIAS

BIAS is a type of constant

systematic error.

is the middle value in a set of numbers that are arranged according to their magnitude

Median

Mode is the _________ frequently obtained value in a set of numbers

MOST

is the MOST frequently obtained value in a set of numbers

Mode

Standard Deviation – Measure of the ________ of values from the mean

DISPERSION

– Measure of the DISPERSION of values from the mean

Standard Deviation

Standard Deviation – Reflects the ________of data values around the mean.

VARIATION

– Reflects the VARIATION of data values around the mean.

Standard Deviation

Coefficient of Variation – percentile expression of the mean, an index of ______________

PRECISION

– percentile expression of the mean, an index of PRECISION

Coefficient of Variation

– standard deviation squared, a measure of variability reflects dispersion around the mean

Variance

Variance – standard deviation squared, a measure of variability reflects dispersion around the ?

mean

Indicate the extent of variation of the observations:

Standard Deviation Variance Range

Quality Control Chart

AXI – DOY Abscissa/X –axis Ordinate/Y-axis

where independent variable is plotted

Abscissa/X –axis

where dependent variable is plotted

Ordinate/Y-axis

data elements are Centered around the mean

Gaussian Curve (bell shaped curved)

Gaussian Curve (bell shaped curved) 1SD- % CHANCE

68%

Gaussian Curve (bell shaped curved) - 68 % CHANCE

1SD

Gaussian Curve (bell shaped curved) 2SD- % CHANCE

Gaussian Curve (bell shaped curved) - 95 % CHANCE

2SD

Gaussian Curve (bell shaped curved) - 99.7 % CHANCE

3SD

Gaussian Curve (bell shaped curved) 3SD- % CHANCE

99.7

Gaussian Curve (bell shaped curved) ACCEPTABLE RANGE

2SD- 95% CHANCE

difference between QC results and target mean.Requires Computer

Cumulative Sum Graph (CUSUM)

Youden/Twin plot – used to _______results obtained Control results from different lab

COMPARE

– used to COMPARE results obtained Control results from different lab

Youden/Twin plot

Youden/

Twin plot

/Twin plot

Youden

– QC chart in the clinical lab

Shewhard Levey-Jennings Chart

Parameter/s for Levey Jennings Chart:

Mean and SD

Parameter/s for ? Chart: Mean and SD

Levey Jennings

- Range within which control values must fall for assay to be considered valid

control limits

WITHIN LAN AND BET. LAB VARIABILITY

Youden/Twin plot

A loss of precision is obvious on the chart when control values become more _________

DISPERSE

is obvious on the chart when control values become more DISPERSE

A loss of precision

100

Errors in LJ Chart

Trend Shift Outliers

other names parasitology

other names parasitology

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PARASITOLOGY

PARASITOLOGY

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HTMLBE

HTMLBE

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CC - 1 LAB. SAFETY, BASIC UNITS, AND CONVERSION FACTOR

CC - 1 LAB. SAFETY, BASIC UNITS, AND CONVERSION FACTOR

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HISTOPATHOLOGY

HISTOPATHOLOGY

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CC-2 SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

CC-2 SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

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CC-3 ELECTROPHORESIS

CC-3 ELECTROPHORESIS

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AUBF LAB SAFETY

AUBF LAB SAFETY

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CSF 1

CSF 1

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CSF 2

CSF 2

82問 • 2年前

SEMEN 1

SEMEN 1

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SEMEN 2

SEMEN 2

7問 • 2年前

SYNOVIAL FLUID 1

SYNOVIAL FLUID 1

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SYNOVIAL FLUID 2

SYNOVIAL FLUID 2

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SEROUS FLUID

SEROUS FLUID

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PLEURAL FLUID

PLEURAL FLUID

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PERICARDIAL FLUID

PERICARDIAL FLUID

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PERITONEAL FLUID/ ASCITIC FLUID

PERITONEAL FLUID/ ASCITIC FLUID

30問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 92問 · 2年前

AMNIOTIC FLUID

AMNIOTIC FLUID

92問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 80問 · 2年前

FECALYSIS

FECALYSIS

80問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 89問 · 2年前

OTHER BODY FLUIDS

OTHER BODY FLUIDS

89問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 86問 · 2年前

MTLBE- SUHO NOTES

MTLBE- SUHO NOTES

86問 • 2年前

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MTLBE..

MTLBE..

35問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 19問 · 1年前

CC- CHROMATOGRAPHY

CC- CHROMATOGRAPHY

19問 • 1年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 14問 · 1年前

CC-OSMOMETRY

CC-OSMOMETRY

14問 • 1年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 43問 · 1年前

CC-ELECTROCHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES

CC-ELECTROCHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES

43問 • 1年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 49問 · 2年前

CC- CARBOHYDRATES

CC- CARBOHYDRATES

49問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 97問 · 2年前

CC- DIABETES MELLITUS

CC- DIABETES MELLITUS

97問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 57問 · 2年前

MAJOR LIPOPROTEINS

MAJOR LIPOPROTEINS

57問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 63問 · 2年前

MINOR LIPOPROTEINS

MINOR LIPOPROTEINS

63問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 37問 · 2年前

PROTEINS

PROTEINS

37問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 91問 · 2年前

PLASMA PROTEINS 1

PLASMA PROTEINS 1

91問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 98問 · 2年前

PLASMA PROTEINS 2 (ALPHA 2 REGION)

PLASMA PROTEINS 2 (ALPHA 2 REGION)

98問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 61問 · 2年前

MISCELLANEOUS PROTEINS

MISCELLANEOUS PROTEINS

61問 • 2年前

Liver Function Test 1

Liver Function Test 1

Yves Laure Pimentel · 96問 · 2年前

Liver Function Test 2

Liver Function Test 2

96問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 33問 · 2年前

TUMOR MARKERS

TUMOR MARKERS

33問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 41問 · 2年前

KIDNEY FUNCTION TESTS - NON PROTEIN NITROGEN & CREATININE

KIDNEY FUNCTION TESTS - NON PROTEIN NITROGEN & CREATININE

41問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 17問 · 2年前

GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASES

GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASES

17問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 14問 · 2年前

LIPID STORAGE DISEASES

LIPID STORAGE DISEASES

14問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 71問 · 2年前

PROTEINS

PROTEINS

71問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 7問 · 2年前

QUICK FIRE- ELECTRODES

QUICK FIRE- ELECTRODES

7問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 10問 · 2年前

ELECTROLYTES

ELECTROLYTES

10問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 27問 · 2年前

DRUGS

DRUGS

27問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 12問 · 2年前

TOXIC AGENTS:

TOXIC AGENTS:

12問 • 2年前

HEMATOLOGY 1 (HEMATOPOIESIS 1)

HEMATOLOGY 1 (HEMATOPOIESIS 1)

Yves Laure Pimentel · 29問 · 2年前

HEMATOLOGY (HEMATOPOIESIS 2)

HEMATOLOGY (HEMATOPOIESIS 2)

29問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 25問 · 2年前

hema diseases

hema diseases

25問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 43問 · 2年前

AML

AML

43問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 71問 · 2年前

GLOBIN SYNTHESIS

GLOBIN SYNTHESIS

71問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 31問 · 2年前

HEMATOLOGY REFERENCE RANGES

HEMATOLOGY REFERENCE RANGES

31問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 34問 · 2年前

DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASIS

DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASIS

34問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 37問 · 2年前

PLATELET DISORDERS

PLATELET DISORDERS

37問 • 2年前

CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOTTING FACTORS

CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOTTING FACTORS

Yves Laure Pimentel · 12問 · 2年前

4. CLASSIFICATION OF MACROPHAGE

4. CLASSIFICATION OF MACROPHAGE

12問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 39問 · 2年前

3. NATURAL OR INNATE IMMUNITY

3. NATURAL OR INNATE IMMUNITY

39問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 55問 · 2年前

5. INTERNAL DEFENSE:SOLUBLE FACTORS (ACUTE PHASE REACTANTS)

5. INTERNAL DEFENSE:SOLUBLE FACTORS (ACUTE PHASE REACTANTS)

55問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 37問 · 2年前

6. PHAGOCYTOSIS Chemotaxis

6. PHAGOCYTOSIS Chemotaxis

37問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 44問 · 2年前

8. NATURE OF ANTIGEN

8. NATURE OF ANTIGEN

44問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 50問 · 2年前

9. MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX/HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN

9. MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX/HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN

50問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 69問 · 2年前

1. HISTORY

1. HISTORY

69問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 38問 · 2年前

2. TYPES OF IMMUNITY

2. TYPES OF IMMUNITY

38問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 21問 · 2年前

7. PHAGOCYTOSIS Engulfment and Digestion

7. PHAGOCYTOSIS Engulfment and Digestion

21問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 15問 · 2年前

8. PHAGOCYTOSIS EXOCYTOSIS

8. PHAGOCYTOSIS EXOCYTOSIS

15問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 32問 · 2年前

10. DISEASE ASSOCIATED TO HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN (henry)

10. DISEASE ASSOCIATED TO HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN (henry)

32問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 30問 · 2年前

11. TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNOLOGY

11. TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNOLOGY

30問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 38問 · 2年前

2. LYMPHOID ORGANS

2. LYMPHOID ORGANS

38問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 48問 · 2年前

3. CLUSTER OF DIFFERENTIATION

3. CLUSTER OF DIFFERENTIATION

48問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 35問 · 2年前

4. T-CELL DIFFERENTIATION

4. T-CELL DIFFERENTIATION

35問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 18問 · 2年前

5. T CELL IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

5. T CELL IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

18問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 44問 · 2年前

6. STAGES IN B-CELL DIFFERENTIATION  PROPIMAP

6. STAGES IN B-CELL DIFFERENTIATION  PROPIMAP

44問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 23問 · 2年前

7. B CELL IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

7. B CELL IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

23問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 34問 · 2年前

8. COMBINED T CELL AND B CELL DEFICIENCIES

8. COMBINED T CELL AND B CELL DEFICIENCIES

34問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 12問 · 2年前

9. COMPARISON OF T AND B CELLS

9. COMPARISON OF T AND B CELLS

12問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 16問 · 2年前

10. LABORATORY IDENTIFICATION OF LYMPHOCYTES

10. LABORATORY IDENTIFICATION OF LYMPHOCYTES

16問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 15問 · 2年前

11. NATURAL KILLER CELLS OR THIRD POPULATION CELL

11. NATURAL KILLER CELLS OR THIRD POPULATION CELL

15問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 79問 · 2年前

12. ANTIBODY

12. ANTIBODY

79問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 97問 · 2年前

13. TYPES OF ANTIBODIES

13. TYPES OF ANTIBODIES

97問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 11問 · 2年前

14. MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

14. MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

11問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 23問 · 2年前

1. INTERLEUKINS

1. INTERLEUKINS

23問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 28問 · 2年前

2. INTERFERONS

2. INTERFERONS

28問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 8問 · 2年前

3. CYTOKINES IN THE INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

3. CYTOKINES IN THE INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

8問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 19問 · 2年前

4. COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

4. COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

19問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 76問 · 2年前

15. COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

15. COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

76問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 21問 · 2年前

16. SYSTEM CONTROLS/COMPLEMENT REGULATION

16. SYSTEM CONTROLS/COMPLEMENT REGULATION

21問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 29問 · 2年前

17. COMPLEMENT AND DISEASE STATES

17. COMPLEMENT AND DISEASE STATES

29問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 19問 · 2年前

18. IMMUNOLOGIC ASSAYS OF INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS (CLASSICAL)

18. IMMUNOLOGIC ASSAYS OF INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS (CLASSICAL)

19問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 22問 · 2年前

19. CYTOKINES

19. CYTOKINES

22問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 24問 · 2年前

20. INTERLEUKINS

20. INTERLEUKINS

24問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 21問 · 2年前

21. INTERFERONS, TNF, TGF, CHEMOKINE

21. INTERFERONS, TNF, TGF, CHEMOKINE

21問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 54問 · 2年前

1. SERO

1. SERO

54問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 38問 · 2年前

2. PRECIPITATION

2. PRECIPITATION

38問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 17問 · 2年前

3. PASSIVE IMMUNODIFFUSION

3. PASSIVE IMMUNODIFFUSION

17問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 15問 · 2年前

4. OUCHTERLONY

4. OUCHTERLONY

15問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 9問 · 2年前

5. ELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIQUE

5. ELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIQUE

9問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 11問 · 2年前

6. IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS (DOUBLE DIFFUSION)

6. IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS (DOUBLE DIFFUSION)

11問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 29問 · 2年前

7. IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS

7. IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS

29問 • 2年前