AUBF- STRASINGER

100問 • 1年前

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A primary characteristic used to identify renal tubular epithelial cells is: A. Elongated structure B. Centrally located nucleus C. Spherical appearance

D. Eccentrically located nucleus

Following an episode of hemoglobinuria, RTE cells may contain: A. Bilirubin B. Hemosiderin granules C. Porphobilinogen D. Myoglobin

B. Hemosiderin granules

The predecessor of the oval fat body is the: A. Histiocyte B. Urothelial cell C. Monocyte D. Renal tubular cell

D. Renal tubular cell

A structure believed to be an oval fat body produced a Maltese cross formation under polarized light but does not stain with Sudan III. The structure: A. Contains cholesterol B. Is not an oval fat body C. Contains neutral fats D. Is contaminated with immersion oil

A. Contains cholesterol

The finding of yeast cells in the urine is commonly associated with: A. Cystitis B. Diabetes mellitus C. Pyelonephritis D. Liver disorders

B. Diabetes mellitus

The primary component of urinary mucus is: A. Bence Jones protein B. Microalbumin C. Uromodulin D. Orthostatic protein

C. Uromodulin

The majority of casts are formed in the: A. Proximal convoluted tubules B. Ascending loop of Henle C. Distal convoluted tubules D. Collecting ducts

C. Distal convoluted tubules

Cylindruria refers to the presence of: A. Cylindrical renal tubular cells B. Mucus-resembling casts C. Hyaline and waxy casts D. All types of casts

D. All types of casts

A person submitting a urine specimen following a strenuous exercise routine can normally have all of the following in the sediment except: A. Hyaline casts B. Granular casts C. RBC casts D. WBC casts

D. WBC casts

Prior to identifying an RBC cast, all of the following should be observed except: A. Free-floating RBCs B. Intact RBCs in the cast C. Presence of a cast matrix D. A positive reagent strip blood reaction

B. Intact RBCs in the cast

WBC casts are primarily associated with: A. Pyelonephritis B. Cystitis C. Glomerulonephritis D. Viral infections

A. Pyelonephritis

The shape of the RTE cell associated with renal tubular epithelial casts is primarily: A. Elongated B. Cuboidal C. Round D. Columnar

C. Round

When observing RTE casts, the cells are primarily: A. Embedded in a clear matrix B. Embedded in a granular matrix C. Attached to the surface of a matrix D. Stained by components of the urine filtrate

A. Embedded in a clear matrix

The presence of fatty casts is associated with: A. Nephrotic syndrome B. Crush injuries C. Diabetes mellitus D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Nonpathogenic granular casts contain: A. Cellular lysosomes B. Degenerated cells C. Protein aggregates D. Gram-positive cocci

A. Cellular lysosomes

All of the following are true about waxy casts except they: A. Represent extreme urine stasis B. May have a brittle consistency C. Require staining to be visualized D. Contain degenerated granules

C. Require staining to be visualized

Observation of broad casts represents: A. Destruction of tubular walls B. Dehydration and high fever C. Formation in the collecting ducts D. Both A and C

D. Both A and C

All of the following contribute to urinary crystals formation except: A. Protein concentration B. pH C. Solute concentration D. Temperature

A. Protein concentration

The most valuable initial aid for identifying crystals in a urine specimen is: A. pH B. Solubility C. Staining D. Polarized microscopy

A. pH

Crystals associated with severe liver disease include all of the following except: A. Bilirubin B. Leucine C. Cystine D. Tyrosine

C. Cystine

All of the following crystals routinely polarize except: A. Uric acid B. Cholesterol C. Radiographic dye D. Cystine

D. Cystine

Casts and fibers can usually be differentiated using: A. Solubility characteristics B. Patient history C. Polarized light D. Fluorescent light

C. Polarized light

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: Amorphous urates =

Pink sediments

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: = Pink sediments

Amorphous urates

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: = Yellow-brown

Uric acid

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: Uric acid =

Yellow-brown

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: =Ovoid

Calcium oxalate monohydrate

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: Calcium oxalate monohydrate =

Ovoid

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: Calcium oxalate dihydrate =

Envelope

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: =Envelope

Calcium oxalate dihydrate

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: = coffin lids

Triple phosphate

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: Triple phosphate =

coffin lids

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: = white precipitate

Amorphous phosphate

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: Amorphous phosphate =

white precipitate

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: Calcium phosphate =

thin prisms

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: = thin prisms

Calcium phosphate

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: Ammonium biurate =

thorny apples

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: = thorny apples

Ammonium biurate

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: Calcium carbonate =

dumbbell shapes

Match the following crystals seen in acidic urine with their description/identifying characteristics: = dumbbell shapes

Calcium carbonate

Most glomerular disorders are caused by: A. Sudden drops in blood pressure B. Immunologic disorders C. Exposure to toxic substances D. Bacterial infections

B. Immunologic disorders

Dysmorphic RBC casts would be a significant finding with all of the following except: A. Goodpasture syndrome B. Acute glomerulonephritis C. Chronic pyelonephritis D. Henoch-Schönlein purpura

C. Chronic pyelonephritis

Occasional episodes of macroscopic hematuria over periods of 20 or more years are seen with: A. Crescentic glomerulonephritis B. IgA nephropathy C. Nephrotic syndrome D. Wegener granulomatosis

B. IgA nephropathy

Antiglomerular basement membrane antibody is seen with: A. Wegener granulomatosis B. IgA nephropathy C. Goodpasture syndrome D. Diabetic nephropathy

C. Goodpasture syndrome

Antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody is diagnostic for: A. IgA nephropathy B. Wegener granulomatosis C. Henoch-Schönlein purpura D. Goodpasture syndrome

B. Wegener granulomatosis

Respiratory and renal symptoms are associated with all of the following except: A. IgA nephropathy B. Wegener granulomatosis C. Henoch-Schönlein purpura D. Goodpasture syndrome

D. Goodpasture syndrome

The presence of fatty casts is associated with all of the following except: A. Nephrotic syndrome B. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis C. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus D. Minimal change disease

C. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

The highest levels of proteinuria are seen with: A. Alport syndrome B. Diabetic nephropathy C. IgA nephropathy D. Nephrotic syndrome

D. Nephrotic syndrome

Ischemia frequently produces: A. Acute renal tubular necrosis B. Minimal change disorder C. Renal glycosuria D. Goodpasture’s syndrome

A. Acute renal tubular necrosis

A disorder associated with polyuria and low specific gravity is: A. Renal glucosuria B. Minimal change disease C. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus D. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

C. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

An inherited disorder producing a generalized defect in tubular reabsorption is: A. Alport syndrome B. Acute interstitial nephritis C. Fanconi syndrome D. Renal glycosuria

C. Fanconi syndrome

A teenage boy who develops gout in his big toe and has a high serum uric acid should be monitored for: A. Fanconi syndrome B. Renal calculi C. Uromodulin-associated kidney disease D. Chronic interstitial nephritis

C. Uromodulin-associated kidney disease

The only protein produced by the kidney is: A. Albumin B. Uromodulin C. Uroprotein D. Globulin

B. Uromodulin

The presence of renal tubular epithelial cells and casts is an indication of: A. Acute interstitial nephritis B. Chronic glomerulonephritis C. Minimal change disease D. Acute tubular necrosis

D. Acute tubular necrosis

Differentiation between cystitis and pyelonephritis is aided by the presence of: A. WBC casts B. RBC casts C. Bacteria D. Granular casts

A. WBC casts

The presence of WBCs and WBC casts with no bacteria is indicative of: A. Chronic pyelonephritis B. Acute tubular necrosis C. Acute interstitial nephritis D. Both B and C

C. Acute interstitial nephritis

End-stage renal disease is characterized by all of the following except: A. Hypersthenuria B. Isosthenuria C. Azotemia D. Electrolyte imbalance

A. Hypersthenuria

Prerenal acute renal failure could be caused by: A. Massive hemorrhage B. Acute tubular necrosis C. Acute interstitial nephritis D. Malignant tumors

A. Massive hemorrhage

The most common composition of renal calculi is: A. Calcium oxalate B. Magnesium ammonium phosphate C. Cystine D. Uric acid

A. Calcium oxalate

Urinalysis on a patient with severe back pain being evaluated for renal calculi would be most beneficial if it showed: A. Heavy proteinuria B. Low specific gravity C. Uric acid crystals D. Microscopic hematuria

D. Microscopic hematuria

All states require newborn screening for PKU for early: A. Modifications of diet B. Administration of antibiotics C. Detection of diabetes D. Initiation of gene therapy

A. Modifications of diet

All of the following disorders can be detected by newborn screening except: A. Tyrosyluria B. MSUD C. Melanuria D. Galactosemia

C. Melanuria

The best specimen for early newborn screening is a: A. Timed urine specimen B. Blood specimen C. First morning urine specimen D. Fecal specimen

B. Blood specimen

Abnormal urine screening tests categorized as an overflow disorder include all of the following except: A. Alkaptonuria B. Galactosemia C. Melanuria D. Cystinuria

C. Melanuria

Which of the following disorders is not associated with the phenylalanine-tyrosine pathway? A. MSUD B. Alkaptonuria C. Albinism D. Tyrosinemia

A. MSUD

The least serious form of tyrosylemia is: A. Immature liver function B. Type 1 C. Type 2 D. Type 3

A. Immature liver function

An overflow disorder of the phenylalanine-tyrosine pathway that would produce a positive reaction with the reagent strip test for ketones is: A. Alkaptonuria B. Melanuria C. MSUD D. Tyrosyluria

C. MSUD

An overflow disorder that could produce a false- positive reaction with Clinitest procedure is: A. Cystinuria B. Alkaptonuria C. Indicanuria D. Porphyrinuria

B. Alkaptonuria

9. A urine that turns black after sitting by the sink for several hours could be indicative of: A. Alkaptonuria B. MSUD C. Melanuria D. Both A and C

D. Both A and C

Ketonuria in a newborn is an indication of: A. MSUD B. Isovaleric acidemia C. Methylmalonic acidemia D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Urine from a newborn with MSUD will have a significant: A. Pale color B. Yellow precipitate C. Milky appearance D. Sweet odor

D. Sweet odor

Hartnup disease is a disorder associated with the metabolism of: A. Organic acids B. Tryptophan C. Cystine D. Phenylalanine

B. Tryptophan

5-HIAA is a degradation product of: A. Heme B. Indole C. Serotonin D. Melanin

C. Serotonin

Elevated urinary levels of 5-HIAA are associated with: A. Carcinoid tumors B. Hartnup disease C. Cystinuria D. Platelet disorders

A. Carcinoid tumors

False-positive levels of 5-HIAA can be caused by a diet high in: A. Meat B. Carbohydrates C. Starch D. Bananas

D. Bananas

Place the appropriate letter in front of the following statements. A. Cystinuria B. Cystinosis IEM

B. Cystinosis

Place the appropriate letter in front of the following statements. A. Cystinuria B. Cystinosis Fanconi syndrome

B. Cystinosis

Place the appropriate letter in front of the following statements. A. Cystinuria B. Cystinosis Cystine deposits in the cornea

B. Cystinosis

Place the appropriate letter in front of the following statements. A. Cystinuria B. Cystinosis Inherited disorder of tubular reabsorption

A. Cystinuria

Place the appropriate letter in front of the following statements. A. Cystinuria B. Cystinosis Early renal calculi formation

A. Cystinuria

Blue diaper syndrome is associated with: A. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome B. Phenylketonuria C. Cystinuria D. Hartnup disease

D. Hartnup disease

Homocystinuria is caused by failure to metabolize: A. Lysine B. Methionine C. Arginine D. Cystine

B. Methionine

The Ehrlich reaction will only detect the presence of: A. Uroporphyrin B. Porphobilinogen C. Coproporphyrin D. Protoporphyrin

B. Porphobilinogen

Acetyl acetone is added to the urine before performing the Ehrlich test when checking for: A. Aminolevulinic acid B. Porphobilinogen C. Uroporphyrin D. Coproporphyrin

B. Porphobilinogen

The classic urine color associated with porphyria is: A. Dark yellow B. Indigo blue C. Pink D. Port wine

D. Port wine

Which of the following specimens can be used for porphyrin testing? A. Urine B. Blood C. Feces D. All of the above

D. All of the above

The two stages of heme formation affected by lead poisoning are: A. Porphobilinogen and uroporphyrin B. Aminolevulinic acid and porphobilinogen C. Coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin D. Aminolevulinic acid and protoporphyrin

D. Aminolevulinic acid and protoporphyrin

Hurler, Hunter, and Sanfilippo syndromes are hereditary disorders affecting metabolism of: A. Porphyrins B. Purines C. Mucopolysaccharides D. Tryptophan

C. Mucopolysaccharides

Many uric acid crystals in a pediatric urine specimen may indicate: A. Hurler syndrome B. Lesch-Nyhan disease C. Melituria D. Sanfilippo syndrome

B. Lesch-Nyhan disease

Deficiency of the GALT enzyme will produce a: A. Positive Clinitest B. Glycosuria C. Galactosemia D. Both A and C

D. Both A and C

Match the metabolic urine disorders with their classic urine abnormalities. 1. Cystinuria 2. PKU 3. Indicanuria 4. Alkaptonuria 5. Lesch-Nyhan disease 6. Isovaleric academia A. Sulfur odor B. Sweaty feet odor C. Orange sand in diaper D. Mousy odor E. Black color F. Blue color

_A_ _D_ _F_ _E_ _C_ _B_

The functions of the CSF include all of the following except: A. Removing metabolic wastes B. Producing an ultrafiltrate of plasma C. Supplying nutrients to the CNS D. Protecting the brain and spinal cord

B. Producing an ultrafiltrate of plasma

The CSF flows through the: A. Choroid plexus B. Pia mater C. Arachnoid space D. Dura mater

C. Arachnoid space

Substances present in the CSF are controlled by the: A. Arachnoid granulations B. Blood–brain barrier C. Presence of one-way valves D. Blood–CSF barrier

B. Blood–brain barrier

What department is the CSF tube labeled 3 routinely sent to? A. Hematology B. Chemistry C. Microbiology D. Serology

A. Hematology

The CSF tube that should be kept at room temperature is: A. Tube 1 B. Tube 2 C. Tube 3 D. Tube 4

B. Tube 2

Place the appropriate letter in front of the statement that best describes CSF specimens in these two conditions: A. Traumatic tap B. Intracranial hemorrhage Even distribution of blood in all tubes

B. Intracranial hemorrhage

Place the appropriate letter in front of the statement that best describes CSF specimens in these two conditions: A. Traumatic tap B. Intracranial hemorrhage Xanthochromic supernatant

B. Intracranial hemorrhage

Place the appropriate letter in front of the statement that best describes CSF specimens in these two conditions: A. Traumatic tap B. Intracranial hemorrhage Concentration of blood in tube 1 is greater than in tube 3

A. Traumatic tap

100

Place the appropriate letter in front of the statement that best describes CSF specimens in these two conditions: A. Traumatic tap B. Intracranial hemorrhage Specimen contains clots

A. Traumatic tap

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Yves Laure Pimentel · 64問 · 2年前

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