Plumbing Part 4

通報

問題一覧

how should each clean out be installed in relation to the direction of flow

so it opens with the direction of flow or at right angles to the direction of flow, except in the case of wye branch

how should a 90° clean-out extension be constructed

from a wye fitting or an approved fitting of equivalent sweep

what is the minimum front clearance required for a clean-out that is 51 mm or less

305 mm

under what circumstance must clean-outs in under floor piping must be extended to or above the finish floor, or extended outside the building

when there is less than a 450 mm vertical clearance or 750 mm horizontal clearance to the means of access

what is the maximum allowable distance from an access door, trap door, or crawl hole for an under floor clean-out in residential occupancies

6.1 m

portion of the drain pipe installation intended to maintain a balance atmospheric pressure inside the system

ventilation

a pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap seals

vent pipe

what is the name given to a vertical pipe that acts as a "backbone" of the entire sanitary system, to which other pipes are connected

main soil & waste stack

The portion of the plumbing system where waste does NOT travel through is called what

vent stack

it continues to the roof,the portion penetrating the roof is called

vent stack through roof (VSTR)

the principal artery of venting system to which vent branches are connected

main vent

it is also called collecting vent line

main vent

is a pipe installed to vent a fixture trap, that connects with event system above the fixture served or terminates in the open air

individual vent or back vent

an arrangement of fent so installed at one vent pipe serve two (2) traps

unit, common, or dual vent

a vertical vent line that provides additional circulation of air between the drainage and vent systems or acts as an auxiliary vent on a special designed system such as "yoke vent" connection between the soil and vent stacks

relief vent

a pipe connecting upward from a soil or waste stack below the floor and below horizontal connection to add adjacent vent stack at a point above the floor and higher than the highest spill level of mixtures for preventing pressure changes in the stacks

yoke or by-pass vent

a group vent pipe which starts in the front extreme highest fixture connection on a horizontal branch and connection to the stock it also called loop bed and serve as a battery of fixture

circuit vent

a vertical vent connection on horizontal soil or base pipe branch at a point downstream to the last fixture connection and turning to a horizontal line above the highest overflow level at the highest fixture connected there it uses in spaces without partition

looped vent

that portion of vent pipe which waste water also flows through

wet vent

event that does not carry liquid or waterborne wastes

dry vent

a pipe or shaft to convey foul air from plumbing fixture or a room to the outer air commonly used in the bathrooms without windows

local vent

the extension of a solar waste stack above the highest horizontal train connected to the stark

stack vent

the vent vertical pipe installed primary to providing circulation of air to and from any part of the soil, ways of the drainage system. to uppermost end above the roof is called

vent stack

what is a primary purpose of venting a trap

to prevent the trap seal from being broken by siphonage or back pressure

what is siphonage

emptying of a trap sealed due to negative pressure

why are vent NOT required on the primary interceptor

because it discharge into a secondary interceptor which is vented

what is the purpose of secondary intercepter being properly tapped

to ensure proper connection to the drainage system

why are vents are not required for trap serving sinks in an island bar counter

because they discharge into floor sink or other receptor

what is an "indirect waste pipe"

a pipe that connects a fixtures to a receptor before connecting to the main drain

what factors determine the size of vent piping

the length of the pen piping and the total number of fixture units connected thereto.

what is the minimum allowable diameter for an individual vent

32 mm (1- 1/4")

how should horizontal or branch vents be created and connected

they should be free from drops or tags and graded and connected to the drip back by gravity to the drainage pipe it serves

what is the meaning of vertical rise required for each vent above the highest level rim how to fixtures served before offsetting horizontally

152 mm

how should vent pipes extend above the roof

they should extended undiminished insize

if bent pipes are not extended undiminished in size above the roof, what must be done

they shall be reconnected to the soil or waste stack vent at a point below roof

how many fixtures having the same level in let's openings may be served by common vertical vent connecting to an approved double branch fitting

what is the minimum vertical distance VSTR (vent stock through roof) shell terminate above the roof

150 mm

what is the minimum distance VSTR shall terminate from any vertical surfaces nearby

300 mm

what is the minimum distance of each fence opening shall terminate from any openable window

3.00 m

what is the minimum distance each fence opening shall be terminate above any openable window

0.90 m

if vertical vent pipes extend 3.00 m distance from any part of the roof used for human activities, what is the minimum distance they shall extend above such roof

2.10 m

what is the purpose of the "yoke vent" in vent stock system

to provide a relief vent and prevent pressure build up

at what height above the floor level should the yoke vent that connection at the vent stack be placed

1.0 m above the floor level

what is the minimum diameter requirement for the yoke vent

it must be limit as large as the smaller the soil stack or the vent stack

direct effect of the minus and plus pressure inside the system due to inadequate ventilation of traps.

trap seal loss

self-siphonage or monumentum siphonage creating a vacuum that breaks trap seal

siphonage

excessive pressure at the lowest branch cost trap seal to look for opening

back pressure

caused by changes in temperature

evaporation

foreign objects in the traps absorbing trap sea

capillary attraction

strong wind through the vent system forcing water out of the trap

wind effect

the effect of atmospheric pressure or gravity to inefficient ventilation

retardation of flow

due to excessive amount of acid created by a substantial amount of hydrogen in the system.an effective vent system will allow to release of hydrogen, subsequently preventing acid formation

deterioration of materials

a pipe that does not connected directly with the drainage system but can face liquid waste by discharging into a plumbing fixture, interceptor for receptacle directly connecting to the drainage system

indirect waste pipe

what is the primary purpose of a grease trap

to separate grease from liquids to prevent line stoppages and hinder sewage treatment

in what type of establishment grease traps typically required

in establishments like restaurants, cafe and hospital

what is the minimum approved water seal depth for a grease trap

51 mm

what is the maximum approve rate of flow for a facility that does not required a grease trap

more than 3.4 liters per seconds (54.24 gpm)

2 main types of grease traps

earth cooled grease traps, mechanical grease trap

place in the house train immediately inside the foundation wall of the building

house traps

what is the required rate of flow (in L/min) andof a grease trap connected to one fixture

76 L/min

if i grease trap is connected to three fixtures, what is its greace retention capacity (in kg)

32 kg

what is the required rate of flow (in L/min) for a grease trap serving four fixtures

189 L/min

with two fixtures connected, what are the grease retention capacity for the grease traps

23 kg

totoo capacity of fixtures discharging into the grease trap should not exceed what multiple of the certified L/m flow rate of the grease trap

2.5 times

used to prevent groundwater from seeping through the basement walls and foundation. hollow tiles are placed around the perimeter of the foundation where the water is collected and connected to the house drain or sump pit

drain tiles

aka garage catch basin, is a trap filled with water and located at the lowest point of the garage so it can collect the separate all wastes, such as grease, gas, oil, etc. .

garage traps

use in how strain to prevent the unlikely occurrence of backflow, similar to check valve

back flow valves

pumps that waters up from the sump pit to the sewers (which are usually higher than basement levels)

sewage ejectors

is the final stage of the plumbing process;when used water and water carried wastes are bought into various disposal outlets

disposal phase

a water tight covered receptacle design and constructed to receive discharge of sewage from building sewer, separate solids from the liquids, digest organic matter and store digested solids the clarified liquid to discharge for final disposal

septic tanks

solid organic matter that are denser than water and subtle at the bottom of the septic tank

sludge

lighter organic material that rise to the surface of the water

scum

liquid content of sewage

effluent

a bacteria in a septic tank to encourage decomposition realies on oxygen to survive

aerobic bacteria

a bacteria in septic tank to encourage the composition can survive in place without oxygen

anaerobic bacteria

septic tank plants should shown all dimensions, reinforcing, structural, calculation and what other partinent data

materials specifications

what materials are commonly used in septic tanks construction

cement or fabricated cast iron

what is the minimum capacity of the first compartment of septic tank

2/3 of the total tank capacity

what is the minimum length of the secondary compartment in septic tanks having over 6 cubic meter capacity

1.5 m

what is the recommended slope at the bottom of the digestion chamber in septic tank

1:10

what is the meaning of diameter of manhole in septic tank

508 mm

if a septic tank exceed 3.7 m in length what is required

additional manhole

what is the minimum diameter size for inlet and outlet pipes in a septic tank

not less than the super pipe diameter nor less than 104.6 mm

how far above the water surface should the inlet and outlet extended

101.6 mm

What should the venn diameter be equal to

the cross sectional area of the house sewer

How far above the liquid depth should the side falls extended for vent openings

228.6 mm

how far above the liquid level should the partition between compartment extended

101.6 mm

what is the meaning earth load capacity (in kPa) that the structure of a septic tank system must be able to

14.4 kPa

how is the capacity of septic tanks determined

by the number of bedrooms or apartment units, estimated waste/sewage flow rate, or number of fixtures units; which is greater

where should septic tanks NOT be located

underneath the house

one of the three classification of waste water, with the exception of human waste

gray water or area water

one of the three classification of waste water, with solid and liquid human waste

black water

one of the three classification of waste water, rainwater only

storm water

the oldest variety of classification of sewers that carries both storm and sanitary waste

combination public sewer

a classification of sewer that carries only rain water collected from the storm drain or from the streets that terminates a natural drainage area (i.e. flakes,rivers, and water reservoirs). it require manholes to serve as clean-outs and to make sewer accessible for inspection and repair built at depth about 2 to 3 m with a diameter raging from 0.6 to 1.2 m

storm sewers

a classification of sewer that carries irregular sanitary waste only and terminates in a modern sewage disposal plant for treatment it is built at a depth of 3 m

sanitary sewers

a type of sanitary sewers that termination points of individual units or structures, usually round shaped with diameter between 0.60 to 1.2 m. made of petrified clay or cement pipes, often installed by the curb line, before the street

tributary sewers

aka collecting sewers, termination point of tributary sewers, place much lower in the ground from 4 to 30 m in depth varies in shape but have a diameter for effective opening from 0.60 to 3 m

intercepting sewers

to what system should drainage pipe of all buildings ideally be connected

public sewer

100

what at what distance from proposed building does a public server become considered "not available", requiring connection to the private system

61 m

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