Building Materials - Masonry Part 1

100問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Is cement mix used to glue masonry units to each other, or other surface finishing materials like tiles, bricks, stones to a receiving structure like a wall or floor.

mortar

Is mortar applied to wall surfaces as a preparation or a hard finish coat.

plaster

Mortar made with fine sand requires a much larger quantity of cement to obtain a given strength than mortar made with coarse sand.

cement mortar

What are the main components of cement mortar

Cement, fine aggregate, and water

What is the recommended ratio of cement to sand for first-class mortars

1:3

What percentage of cement can be replaced by hydrated lime to improve workability and strength

10-15%

Which cement mortar ratio is stronger for rubble stonework

1:4

What is the purpose of applying plaster in layers

To give a hard finish surface to walls and ceilings

What does the word “plaster” commonly refer to

Gypsum plaster

What is sometimes added to plaster to increase strength

Fiber or hair

What are the three coats in a three-coat plastering method

Scratch coat, brown coat, finish coat

Vernacular term of scratch coat

rebokada

Vernacular term of brown coat

tapon

Vernacular term of finish coat

palitada

mixture of lime, sand and water that is rarely used because of its low rate of hardening or setting and its low compressive strength

lime mortar

Is a mixture of water, cement, and sand and is employed in pressure, embedding rebar in masonry wall, connecting sections of pre-cast concrete, filling voids and sealing joints such as those between tiles

grout

cement mortar to which lime is added to increase its plasticity and water retentivity

cement-Iime mortar

A proprietary mixture of portland cemet and other ingredients such as hydrated lime, plasticizers, air-entraining agents and gypsum requiring only the addition of sand and water to make a cement mortar

masonry cement

High strength mortar recommended for use in reinforced masonry below grade or in contact with the earth, as foundation and retaining walls that are subject to high lateral ar compressive load

Type M Mortar

Medium-high strength mortar recommended for use in masory where bond and lateral strength are more important than compressive strength.

Type S Mortar

Medium-strength mortar recommended for general use in exposed masonry above grade where high compressive and lateral strength are not reguired

Type N Mortar

Low strength mortar suitable for in interior non-load bearing walls permitted by the building code

Type O Mortar

Very low-strength mortar suitable for use in interior non-load bearing walls permitted by the building code

Type K Mortar

What is compressive strength of Type M Motar

2,500 psi (17,238 kPa)

What is compressive strength of Type S Motar

1,800 psi (12,411 kPa)

What is compressive strength of Type N Motar

750 psi (5,171 kPa)

What is the mortar mixture proportion of Class AA

1:1

What is the mortar mixture proportion of Class A

1:2

What is the mortar mixture proportion of Class B

1:3

What is the mortar mixture proportion of Class C

1:4

What is the mortar mixture proportion of Class D

1:5

Lime putty (hydrated lime and water), mixed on the job with sand and gypsum plaster, used for two and three-coat finish surfaces for interior walls and ceilings.

lime plaster

1 part lime putty, 1 part Portland cement or Keene’s cement, 2-3/4 parts sand by weight.

Scratch coat

1 part lime putty, 1part Portland cement or Keene’s cement, 3 parts sand by weight.

Brown coat

1 part lime putty, 1/3 gypsum plaster by volume

Hard finish

1 part lime putty, ¼ gypsum plaster, 2 parts sand by volume

Sand float

Plaster of Paris mixed with clay, lime and other materials in combinations covered by trademarks or patents. Mixed on the job with water, sand, lime putty, hair or fiber for two or three-coat finish surfaces for interior walls and ceilings; or used dry as ingredient for hard or sand float finish with lime plaster

gypsum plaster

Same as gypsum plaster but mixed to meet established standards. Mixed on the job with water, sand, lime putty, hair or fiber for two and three-coat finish surfaces for both exteriors and interiors.

high-strength gypsum plaster

Gypsum plaster premixed with fibers. Mixed on the job with water and sand for scratch coat for three-coat plastering job

Fibered gypsum plaster

Gypsum plaster mixed with fine white sand. Used for two and three-coat finish surfaces for interior walls and ceilings .

Prepared gypsum plaster

Gypsum plaster mixed with ingredients develop more adhesive strength in combinations covered by trademarks or patents. Used for interior finish for smooth concrete walls or ceilings. Mix and apply as per manufacturer’s directions

Bonding plaster

Gypsum plaster mixed on the job with water, perlite, vermiculite or other suitable mineral aggregate. Lightweight gypsum plaster is used when weight is important, and for fire-proofing other materials such as steel. Applied on lath. For interior use only .

Lightweight gypsum plaster, fire-resistant plaster

Plaster of Paris mixed with alum or borax or other materials and burned (calcined) at 932F. Mixed on the job with water, lime putty and fine white sand as hard finish for two and three-coat gypsum plaster. For interior use only

Keene’s cement

For ornamental plaster work and castings.

Plaster of Paris

For ornamental plaster work and castings. Mix with water as per manufacturer’s directions.

Molding plaster

For acoustic treatment of interior walls and ceilings. Applied on gypsum plaster base coats. Mix with water as per manufacturer’s directions.

Acoustics plaster

Mixed with water, sand and lime putty. Used for two and three-coat finish surfaces for exterior and interior walls and ceilings

Portland cement plaster

What is the mixture ratio for scratch and brown coats using portland cement plaster

1 cement, ¼ lime putty, 3 sand

What is the total thickness of plaster on a lathing board and gypsum block

½ inch

What is the minimum thickness of the scratch and brown coats in three-coat plastering work

¼ inch

What is the composition of the sand float finish of portland cement plaster

1 cement, ¼ lime putty, 3 sand

What is the minimum thickness of the finish coat in three-coat plastering work

1/16 inch

What is the total thickness of plaster on metal lath

⅝ inch

In three-coat plastering, what is the thickness of the finish coat

1/16 inch minimum, 1/8 inch standard

Is highly decorative type of plaster work developed in Italy during the Renaissance. This type of technique consists of applying two or three thin coats of plaster different colors and the cutting away certain areas of one or two coats to produce a 3-D colored design

Sgraffito

Is a built-up construction or combination of building materials as clay, concrete, or stone set in mortar; or plain concrete.

Masonry

The horizontal surfaces on which the stones or bricks of walls lie in the courses.

bed

A continuous layer of bricks, stones, or other masonry units

course

Each continuous, vertical section of the wall, one masonry unit thick.

wythe or tier

That connection between bricks, stones or other masonry units formed by lapping them one upon another carrying up the work, so as to form an inseparable mass of building, by preventing the vertical joints falling over each other (also called a breaking joint).

bond

A brick or block masonry laid lengthwise of a wall

stretcher

A brick or block masonry extending over the thickness of the wall

header

A course in which the bricks or other masonry units are all headers.

heading course

A unit laid on its end with its face perpendicular to the face of the wall

soldier

The corner stones at the angles of buildings, usually rusticated so as to project from the normal surface of the wall.

quoins

Stones running through the thickness of the wall at right angles to its face, in order to bind it together.

bond stones

A course of stones placed on top of cornice crowning the walls

blocking or blocking course

Name the brick orientation

stretcher

Name the brick orientation

shiner

Name the brick orientation

header

Name the brick orientation

sailor

Name the brick orientation

rowlock

Name the brick orientation

soldier

What is the function of wall ties in cavity walls

To connect inner and outer masonry layers

Which is NOT a type of masonry wall

Wooden wall

Label the following

Cavity airspace, Foil-faced Polyisocyanurate Insulation, Wall tile, Weepholes, Flashing membranes

Also know as plain masonry walls, incorporate horizontal joint reinforcement and metal wall ties to bond the wythes of a solid or cavity walls

Unreinforced masonry walls

Are walls that utilize steel reinforcing bars embedded in grout filled joints and cavities to aid the masonry in resisting stresses

Reinforced masonry walls

What does CMU stand for

Concrete Masonry Unit

Which material is commonly used to make Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHBs)

Portland cement and aggregate

What is typically added to lower-density concrete blocks

Industrial wastes as aggregate

What is the common height of a Concrete Hollow Block (CHB)

8 inches (200mm)

In the Philippines, what is the preferred depth for hollow blocks

4, 5, and 6 inches

What type of concrete can be used to produce lightweight blocks

Aerated concrete

What is the common width of a Concrete Hollow Block (CHB)

16 inches (400mm)

How many holes do CHBs commonly have

2 or 3

Name the types of CHB

stretcher, corner, double corner or pier, bull nose, jamb, full cut header, half cut header, solid top

Together with wood and clay, are the basic building material of man. The history of architecture until as late as 1900 was largely the history of stone in architecture

Stone

Was the structural material, the exterior and interior finishing material, the flooring material and in many cases the roofing material.

Stone

Choose the commonly used for architectural purposes

granite, marble, travertine, limestone, sandstone, slate

Stone delivered from the quarries rough and irregular shape.

rubble stone

Stone cut into specific size, squared to dimensions, and to a specific thickness

Dimension stone

Name the commonly classified stone.

rubble stone

Name the commonly classified stone.

dimension stone

Name the stoneworks

random rubble, random rubble brought to course, squared rubble, squared rubble brought to course, coursed square rubble, polygonal rubble

Masonry of rough, undressed stones.

rubble work

When only the roughest irregularities are knocked off, it is called

scabbled rubbl

When the stones in each course are rudely dressed to a nearly uniform height

Range rubble

Stones fitted together at random without any attempt to lay them in course

random work

100

Squared stones in regular courses, in contradistinction to rubble work

ashlar

Building laws Part 1

Mari Alberca · 100問 · 1年前

Building laws Part 1