Building Materials - Concrete Part 1

Cementing Materials * Lime * Gypsum * Cement

Building Materials - Concrete Part 1

100問 • 1年前Cementing Materials * Lime * Gypsum * Cement

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Is the process of mixing quicklime with water during during which water is absorbed and heat is energetically envolved, driving off much of the excess water in the form of steam

slacking or hydration

Is the process of mixing quicklime with water during during which water is absorbed and heat is energetically envolved, driving off much of the excess water in the form of steam

slacking or hydration

Possesses a great affinity for water; used primarily in masonry mortar

Quicklime

One of the oldest manufactured building materials which is und both as mortar and plaster by civilizations.

Lime

The lime bursts into pieces and is finally reduced to powder, becoming calcium hydroxide (C(OH)2) also known as

slacked lime or hydrated lime

Made from quicklimes in the plants; use in mortars, base coat plaster and concrete:

mason's hydrated lime

Characterized by whitenesses and plasticity; use in finishing coat of plasters

finishing hydrated lime

This maybe be used 1/2 hour after being made into a putty, as the plasticity will develop within this time:

special finishing hydrated lime

It's like lime, was used as plaster by the Egyptian, Greeks and Romans. A soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate. It's mined and processed to create various products like drywall, plaster, and cement.

gypsum

A soft material consisting of a hydrated calcium sulfate by heating; colorless when pure use as a retarder in portland cement

gypsum

A type of gypsum plaster that sets quickly. It's often used for creating molds, models, and decorative elements

plaster of paris

Is the result of heating gypsum to 400° f, we're almost all the combined water content is drawn of at the time of set is retarded.

hard finishing plaster

Is a type of gypsum plaster known for its hardness and durability. Which is the densest and is used with lime putty to slow the time of set somewhat

Keene's cement

Is rendered more plastic by the addition of hydrated lime. Gypsum that's been heated and processed into a powder. When mixed with water, it can be applied to walls and ceilings to create a smooth, durable surface.

gypsum plaster

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential additive to gypsum plaster for increased cohesiveness

Sand

Which of the following is NOT a primary ingredient in Portland cement

gypsum

Was first developed by the Romans by mixing slaked lime with pozzolana (volcanic ash) which hardened under the water, but the art was lost with fall of the Roman Empire

cement

Which type of cement hardens through a chemical reaction with water and remains stable even when submerged, it was rediscovered by Smeaton in 1756

hydraulic cement

Who is the English bricklayer invented and patent portland cement

Joseph Aspdin

What is the primary raw material used in the production of Alumina Cemen

bauxite

Also known as aluminous cement or calcium aluminate cement,is highly resistant to chemical attacks from hydroxyl compounds (phenols, glycerol, sugar, etc.), making it ideal for industrial, chemical, and refractory applications. It is commonly used in high-temperature environments and corrosive settings where Portland Cement would deteriorate.

high alumina cement

Which of the following is a prepared mixture of Portland cement with hydrated lime, granulated slag, silica, and other admixtures like calcium stearate and colloidal clays, often varying in proportions and usually patented

Masonry cements

Which type of cement is produced by simply grinding and burning natural raw materials found already mixed in the correct proportions, and is characterized by a faster setting time but slower strength development compared to Portland cement

Natural cements

A cement made of lime mortar and pozzolanic material, where the pozzolan reacts with calcium hydroxide to create cementitious compounds.

Pozzolanic cement

Which of the following is an example of a pozzolanic material commonly used in cement production

Flyash

Slag cement is a type of:

Pozzolanic cement where granulated slag is the primary pozzolanic component

Also known as sorel cement or magnesite cement, it has good resistance of fire, abrasion grease, and oil and does not require curing

magnesium-oxychloride cement

It has good binding properties but is generally weaker than oxychloricle cement

magnesium-oxysulphate cement

Generally used in patching, sprayable foams insulation, flame-resistant coatings

phosphate cement-quick- setting

Generally used in cementitious use waterproofing membranes

waterproof cement

ls developed by mixing finely pulverized clinker (produced by calcining to incipient fusion) and an intimate and proportion mixture of argillaceous (silica, alumina) in calcareous (lime) metals with iron oxide and small amounts of other ingredients

Portland cement

Which is NOT portland cement components

magnesium

A component of portland cement, that responsible for the hardening an early gain in strength of cement

tricalcium silicate

A component of portland cement, that responsible for the aging or long term gain of strength of cement

dicalcium silicate

Which of the following is NOT typically a characteristic of Portland cement

Waterproof

A type of portland cement which has a wide application today also called stainless cement because of its free of iron impurities which stain porous marbles, some granites and limestone and other light colored stones

white cement

A portland cement produced from a raw materials low in iron oxide and manganese oxide, the substance that give concrete its gray color; used in precast concrete work the making of terrazzo, stucco, tile grout

white cement

Which of standard specification of Portland Cement is Ordinary / Normal Portland Cement

Type I

A Portland cement used for general construction, having none of the distinguish qualities of the other types

Type I

Which of standard specification Portland Cemet is Moderate / Modified Portland Cement

Type II

A Portland cement having a reduced content of tricalcium aluminate, making it more resistant to sulfates and causing it to generate less heat of hydration, use in general construction where resistance to moderate sulfate action is required or where heat build up and be damaging, as in the construction of large piers and heavy retaining walls

Type II

A very finely ground portland cement having an increased content of tricalcium silicate, causing it to cure faster and gain strength earlier than normal portland cement, used when the early removal of formwork is desired, or in cold weather construction to reduce the time required for protection from low temperatures

Type III

Which of standard specification of Portland Cement is Low Heat Cement

Type IV

Which of standard specification of Portland Cement is High Early Strength / Extra Rapid Hardening Cement

Type III

A portland cement having a reduced content of triculium silicate and increased content of dicalcium silicate, causing it to generate less heat of hydration the normal portland cement, use in construction of massive concrete structures, such as gravity dams, where a large build up in heat can be damaging

Type IV

A Portland cement having a reduced content of tricalcium aluminate, lessening the need of gypsum, a sulfate normally added to cement retarded its time setting: use for resistance to severe sulfate action is required

Type V

Which of standard specification of Portland Cement is Sulfate Resistant Cement

Type V

ldentify the Air-Entraining Portland Cement

Type I A, Type II A, Type III A

A type of lime which will set underwater use only where slow underwater setting is required

hydraulic climb

What is the process called when gypsum rock is heated to lose about 3/4 of its combined water

Calcination

What material did the Romans use, in addition to slacked lime, to create their cement

Pozzolana (volcanic ash)

When the cement is stored in high piles for long periods, there is a tendency for the lower layers to harden cause by the pressure above

warehouse set

The cements are produced by in teammately and uniformly blending the portland cement and the byproduct materials, such as blast furnance slag, fly ash, silica fume and other pozzolans

blended cement

An inter-ground mixture of portland cement clinker and pozzolan

Portland pozzolan cement

A blended cement useful in general construction work and is especially suitable for applications in aggressive environmental conditions. It can be confidently employed in construction of hydraulic structures, marine works, mass concreting such as dams, dykes, retaining walls foundations and sewage pipes.An inter-ground mixture of portland cement clinker and pozzolan

Pozzolan-modified portland cement

A siliceous materials such as fly ash, that reacts chemically with a slaked lime in the presence of moisture to form a slow hardening cement, name after Pozzuoli, an ancient Roman town near Vesuvius

Pozzolan

Use in mass concrete because of low heat of hydration seawater construction because of better sulphate resistance

Slag Cement

An inter-ground mixture of portland cement cleanker and granulated blast furnace slag (25-70% slag)

Portland blast-furnace slag cement

How many percent of slag are there in Portland blast-furnace slag cement

25-70%

Slag cement contains not less than ____% slag plus portland cement or hydrated lime of both

Contains less than 25% slag by mass of finish cement

Slag-modified portland cement

Which of the following is are types of masonry cement according to ASTM C 91?

Type N, Type S, Type M

Which standard classifies expansive cements

ASTM C 845

Which of the following is are the examples of expansive cements classifies under ASTM C 845

Type E-1 (K), Type E-1 (M), Type E-1 (S)

A mixture of portland cement, air-entraining additives, plasticizers etc. These lm cements are used in mortar and masonry construction

Masonry Cement

Increases in volume during setting and the things a portion of such in volume after hardening. These cements are primarily used in concrete for shrinkage control

Expensive Cement

Slow setting and resistant to high temperatures and pressure, use for sealing oils wells

Oil well cement

Standard or white cement incorporating water repellent additives. For reducing capillary water transmission.

Waterproofed portland cement

A mixture of Types l or II portland cement and plasticizing agents. Used for making mortar, cement plaster and stucco (coating exterior surfaces)

Plastic cement

Similar to Type III cement, except that close control of uniform color is provided

Gun plastic cement

Specially made for centrifugally spun pipe

Pipe cement

How many bags of cement are in a barrel

Why is it important to store Portland cement on a raised platform

To prevent moisture from the ground from damaging the cement

What should be the limit of piles of sacks in height

What is the proportion mixture of concrete

cement, aggregate, & water

When cement is mixed with water and fine aggregate of less than 6 mm (1/4"), it is known as

mortar, stucco or cement plaster

What is the product when a large aggregate of more than 6mm (1/4") in size to cement, water and fine aggregate:

concrete

Concrete strengthened by having still embedded is called

reinforced concrete

Concrete without reinforcement is called

plain or mass concrete

The chemical reaction that takes place when portland cement and water are mixed

hydration

When cement is mixed with water to form a fluid paste, the mixture will eventually become stiff then hard

Setting

The stiffening of a concrete mixture with little evidence of significant heat generation

false set

Refers to the heat generated when water and cement chemically reacted

heat of hydration

A type of concrete that use for structural framing pavement floors

normal weight

A type of concrete that use for load bearing and exterior walls, pre-stressed concrete

lightweight-structural

A type of concrete that use maybe perlite, vermiculite, expanded polystyrene, what chips are fibers or fibers used for fill over metal roof decks, partitions and panel wall

lightweight-insulating

A type of concrete use for walls spaces containing radioactive materials; sometimes use as counterweight in various application

heavyweight concrete

What are the typical unit weight range for lightweight-structural

85-115 lbs/ft³

What are the typical characteristic of normal weight concrete in terms of density and compressive strength

135-165 lbs/ft³, compressive strength between 2000 to over 8000 psi

What are the typical unit weight range for lightweight-Insulating

15-90 lbs/ft³

What are the typical unit weight range for heavyweight concrete

130-290 lbs/ft³

Air or bubble gas suspended in mortar, used where high insulating properties are required

cellular concrete

Used where aggregate is to be exposed; as in inexpensive concrete fo foundations

gap-grading concrete

Pneumatic equipment using dry or wet method. Used whenever construction without formwork is very desirable, an in complex form such as shells, domes, swimming pools, etc

shotcrete or gunite

Coarse aggregate is placed dry mortar is pumped into it. Used in special forms, surfaces, e.g.,expose aggregate finishes on cast-in-place concrete columns, walls

pre-place concrete

Commonly normal, lightweight or lightweight insulating type of concrete, Used when concrete is to be placed high above create or inform work of complex shape.

Pumped concrete

Mortar with large amount of light-gauge wire reinforcing is used. Used in containers, e.g. bins, boat hulls, other thin complex shapes

Ferrocement

Short fibers are added to mixture, fibers may be still glass polypropylene. Used to control plastic shrinkage and associated cracking, will generally increase flexural and pencil strength of concrete. Used on slab on grade, pavements, pneumatically place concrete precast, overlays

Fiber-reinforced concrete

Nail holding strength, commonly lightweight insulating types, often would fiber /chip aggregate, has insulating value. Used in roof decks

Nailing

100

Concrete with a consistency corresponding to a slump of 6mm (1/4") or less, requires vibration during placement, has highest strength of low shrinkage. Used for plant precast items

No slump concrete

Building laws Part 1

Mari Alberca · 100問 · 1年前

Building laws Part 1