Structural Conceptualization Part 4

100問 • 1年前

問題一覧

is a space frame in which the members and the joints are capable of resisting forces primarily by flexure

moment resisting frame

is the effect of the structure due to the earthquake motion acting in the direction other than parallel to the direction of resistance under consideration

orthogonal effect

is the secondary effect on share and moments of free members included by the vertical loads acting on the lateral displaced buildings frame

P-delta effect

it is a presentation of project plan by a schematic diagram or network that depicts the sequence and internal relation of all the components parts of the project, pentalogical analysis and manipulation of the network in the determining the best overall program of operation

PERT-CPM (Progam Evaluation Review Techinque-Critical Path Method)

is the lower rigid portion of a structure having vertical combination of structural system

platform

mortar apply to a surface with a cement gun in the same manner as gunite, with such mortar has a cube crashing strength of 20.68Mpa at 28 days with water and cement ratio of 0.45

pneumatic mortar

is a wall designed to resist a lateral forces parallel to the plane of the wall (sometimes referred to a structural wall)

shear wall

is a story whose lateral stiffness is less than 70% of the stiffness of the storey above

soft storey

is the coincidence of the natural period of structure which dominant frequently in the ground motion

soil-structure resonance

is the usable capacity of a structure or its member to carry loads within the deformation limits prescribe the code

strength

is the process of the improving the properties of a soil to make it more suitable for particular purpose

soil stabilization

is a three dimensional structural system without bearing wall composed of member interconnected so as to function as a complete self contains unit with or without the eight of horizontal diaphragm or bracing system

space frame

is the space within levels. storey x storey below level x

storey

is the summation of the sun lateral forces above the story under consideration

storey shear

is a displacement of one level relative the level above

storey drift

is the storey drift divided by the storey height

storey drift ratio

is an assemblage of framing members design to support gravity loads and resist lateral forces. they may be categorized as building or non-building

structure

is another term for downspout. it is a vertical pipe, often of sheet metal used to conduct water from roof train or gutter to the ground

rainwater ladder

use in systemic design refers to the relative stiffness of the structure to resistor torsional stress

torsion rigidity

is a upper flexible portion of a structure having a vertical combination of structural system

tower

is a space frame designed to carry all vertical gravity load

vertical load carrying space frame

is a storey whose strength is less than 80% of the strength of the storey

week storey

according to seismic requirements for transfer reinforcement, tesda maximum allowable space of hoops in the relation of the diameter of the smallest longitudinal bars

8 times the diameter

according to seismic requirements for transferment what is the maximum spacing of hope and shall not be exceed the diameter of hoop bars

24 times the diameter

it's a hoop the child be located not more than 15 mm from the from face of the supporting member

first hoop

is the extent of surface condition on completion of grading

as graded

is in place solid rock

bedrock

is relatively level step excavated into earth material on which field is to be placed

bench

is the material acquired from offside location for use in grading on site

burrow

is the densification have you feel by mechanical means

compaction

is any rock, natural soil or feel or any combination

earth material

is the wearing away of the ground surface as the result of the movement of the wind, water or ice

erosion

is the mechanical removal of the earth material

excavation

is deposit of earth material placed by artificial means

fill

is the vertical location of the ground surface

grade

is the great prior to the grading

existing grade

is the final grade of the site that confirms to the approval plan

finish grade

is an excavating or feeling or combination thereof

grading

is a design compact with fill placed in a trench is the weighted material beneath the toe of a proposed fill slop.

key

a material used as ingredient of a concrete and added to the concrete before or during its mixing to modify its properties

admixture

granular material such as sand gravel stone and iron blast furnace slag use with a cementing medium to form a hydraulic cement concrete or mortar

aggegate

aggregate with dry, lose weight 100 kg/m or less

aggregate lightweight

in post tensioning, a device used to anchor tendon to concrete member. in pre-tensioning, device used to anchor a tendon during hardening of concrete

ancourage

priestessing tendon that is bonded to concrete either directly or through grouting

bonded tendon

member with a ratio to at least lateral dimension of three or greater use primary to support actual compressive below

column

concrete flexural member of precast or cast in place concrete elements but so interconnected that all elements responded to load as unit

composite concrete flexural member

compressive strength of concrete used in design expressed in megapascal (Mpa). whether the quantity F"c is under a radical sign, square root of numerical value only is intended and result as unit of megapascal (Mpa)

specified compressive strength of concrete (f')

concrete containing lightweight aggregate and has an air dry unit weight not exceeding 1900 kg/m³. without natural sand is termed all lightweight concrete and lightweight in which of the fine aggregate consists of normal weight sand is termed sand lightweight concrete

concrete structural lightweight

friction resulting from bends or curve in the specified pre-stressing tendon profile

curvature friction

deformed reinforcing bars, bar mats, deformed wire fabric and welded deformed fabric

deformed reinforcement

length of embedded reinforcement required to develop the design turn cover enforcement at a critical section

development length

distance measure from extreme compression fiber to centroid of tension reinforcement

effective depth of section (d)

stress remaining in processing tendons after all loses has occurred, excluding effect of dead load and super imposed load

effective prestress

length of embedded enforcement provided beyond a critical section

embedment length

in pre-stressed concrete, temporary force exerted into pre-stressing tendon

jacking force

dead with supported by a member load of constant magnitude that remains in one position

dead load

those that may change in magnitude and position

live load

load multiplied by appropriate load factors, used to proportion a member by the length design method

factored load

ratio of normal stress to corresponding strain for tensile or compressive stresses below proportional limit of material

modulus of elasticity

also known as long term modulus, determine by using the stress and strain obtain after load has been applied for a certain length of time

modulus aparent

slope of the stress strain diagram at the origin of the curve

modulus initial

the slope of the line draw from the origin to a point of the curve somewhere between 25% and 50% of its ultimate compressive strength

modulus secant

the slope of tangent to the curve to some point along the curve

modulus tangent

an upright compression member with a ratio of unsupported way to average this lateral dimension of less than 3

padestal

concrete that the does not conform to the definition of reinforced concrete

plain concrete

reinforcement that does not confirm to the definition of deformed reinforcement

plain reinforcement

methoel of prestressing in which the tendons are tensioned after concrete has hardened

post tensioning

plain or reinforced concrete element cause elsewhere than its final position in the structure

precast concrete

method of pre-stressing concrete which the tendons are tensioned before concrete is placed

post tensioning

decide on the assumption that two materials act together in resisting forces

reinforced concrete

continuously wound reinforcement in the form of cylindrical helix

spiral reinforcement

reinforcement used to resist shear and push and stresses in the structural: typically bars, wires or welded wires fabrics smooth or deformed, either single leg or bent into L, U or rectangular shapes and located perpendicularly to or at angle to longitudinal reinforcement

stirrup

nominal strength reduction factor

deign strength

strength of a member or cross sectional view before application of any strength reduction factors

nominal strength

strength of a member or cross section required to resist factored loads or related internal moments and forces in such combinations

required strength

steel element such as wire, cable, bar, rods or strand or a bundle of such element used to import pre-stress to concrete

tendon

loop or reinforcing bar or wire and closing longitudinal reinforcement

tie

act of transferring stress and pre-stressing tendons from jacks are pretension in bed or concrete member

transfer

member, usually vertical, used to enclose our separate spaces

wall

is pre stress concrete, friction caused by unintended deviation of pre-stressing sheath or duct from its specificed profile

wobble friction

specified minimum yield strength or yield point or reinforcing in Mpa

yield strength

a design in proportion that the maximum stress in concrete (with strain of 0.003) and steel (with strain of Fy/Es) are reached simultaneously was the ultimate load is rich causing them to fall simultaneously

balanced design

a design in which the steel reinforcement is lesser than what is required for balance condition. failure under this condition is tactile and will give warning to the user or three structure to decrease the load

under reinforced design

is a design in which the steel reinforcement is more than what is required or balance condition

over reinforced design

types of aggregate that are passes through the no.4 sieve (about 6mm in size) like sand

fine aggregates

should shall not be less than 1/5 the norrowest dimension between sides of forms 1/3 the depth of slabs such gravel or crushed stone

coarse aggregate

minimum clear space in between individuals reinforcing bar or wires, bundle of bars or priestess intention or ducts

3/4

according to concrete protection for reinforcement, concrete gas and the permanently exposed to earth such as footing

75 mm

according to concrete protection for reinforcement, for concrete members exposed to weather

40-50 mm

according to concrete protection for reinforcement, for concrete cover of pipes, conduits are fitting and exposed to weather

40 mm

according to concrete protection for reinforcement, for concrete not exposed to weather or in contact with ground, such as slabs walls and joists

20 mm

what is the maximum number of parallel reinforcing bar allowed in one bundle

how should bundle bars be enclosed

within stirrups or tie

bars larger than what diameter should be not bundle in beam

32 mm

what is the minimum concrete cover for bundle bars cast against the permanently exposed to the earth

75 mm

a standard hook involves a 180° bend. what is the minimum extension required at the free end

65 mm

what is the extension at the free end of a bar with a 90° bend (standard hook type b)

12db

For stirrups and tie hooks using a 16 mm bar or smaller, what is the bend and extension

90° bend plus 6db extension

for stirrups and tie hooks using a 20 mm and 25 mm bar, what is the bend and extension

90° bend plus 6db extension

100

for stirrups and tai holes using a 25 mm bar or smaller what is the bend and extension

135° bend plus 6db extension

Building laws Part 1

Mari Alberca · 100問 · 1年前

Building laws Part 1