Architectural Design &amp; Site Planning Part 7

通報

問題一覧

what factors are prime determinants in weather and how a parcel of land can be developed

availability and capacity of roads

which of the following is not mentioned as an important aspect of circulation gateway in the analysis of site design

bridges

what should be inventoried in relation to the site when studying link

both adjacent properties and community facilities

accord what is considered a critical piece of data in early analysis of a site

discovering the site has historical features and archaeological materials

may required to determine the most desirable way to orient buildings,outdoor areas and approaches to the buildings.undesirable views can be minimized or blocked within landscaping or other manufactured features

view analysis

also spatial pattern are all important in relating design elements sites and endowed with outstanding natural features with cynic and aesthetic values must be taken advantage by the designer

natural features

on a site maybe pleasing or objectionable they may have a very orientation of the building and therefore should be carefully studied

views

what is considered as a strong direction element lily to observer toward a focal point or closer observation

the open space or line of sight of the vista

orientation always merit consideration

orientation for sun and refilling summer breezes

chismos successful when sunshine is made available in the kitchen and some sandwiches each room and sometime of the day

orientation for sun

guidance by deflection and filtration

plants control by wind obstruction

as with other barriers reduce the wind speed by increasing the resistance to wind flow

obstruction with trees

use individually or in combination affects air movement

coniferous and deciduous trees and shrubs

within what distance from a site should all major roles be considered when evaluating exposure to roadway noise

1000 feet (304 meters)

noise control can be achieved by which of the following barrier adjustments

by any means of the above methods

for empire to be an effective noise shield, what condition must be met

it must be block all residential levels of all buildings from line of sight

is a level space,shelf or raise barrier usually made by compact soil separating two areas

berm

is a practice of building a wall of earth around outside of the home

earth berming

offers the planner the pest and easier solution to site development its economical in site development, adaptable to great variety of planning forms it is adequate to all types of street patterns

level site

provides the planner with variety of building types and groupings different street patterns with the employed.drainage problem are simpler but more difficult to manage but creates a far more interesting land development

sloping site

building itself could serve as the retaining wall and disadvantage of a rolling terrain excessive development cost,adaptability to terrain is imperative,drainage problem through posting difficulty may require a workable system of channeling from one area to another,less variety of street patterns and less variety of building patterns

very steep sites

can do considerable damage often to area much larger than that cover by the building so is loop analysis is necessary to ensure the minimal area of disturbance

earth shifting

shape of the building (building ground level perimeter profile)what is strongly related to the site form especially for the tight site where the buildings covers a major portion of the site surface.building slope is both restricted by the site form and strongly limits the potential for developing other site areas

site configuration

which of the following is not a design challenge typically associated with an irregular shaped plot

abundant natural platforms

an irregularly shaped lot

limited natural platforms space for buildings

what type of greeting arrangement is commonly associated with irregular shaped lots

abnormal grading arrangement

irregularly shaped lots often results in

unusable fragments areas

what financial impact is often associated with developing an irregularly shaped lots

higher site improvement cost and recurring maintenance problems

the design of unity system on an irregularly shaped flat is often described as

inefficient and extensive

enclosed within space

isolated buildings

interior space becomes cohesive therefore no elements to alienate buildings

building and closing space and space enclosing building

isolated but cut up the traffic lines

enclosed space

less isolated

space cohesive

unifies isolated buildings

under or overpass

corners are built up making the design of buildings restricted since a similar shape must be adapt to hold design together

build up corners

introducing a monument,statue,fountains create a visual identity for the space

monuments

use of terminal points is essential in setting a building such as the Piazza San Marco in Venice

terminal points

site is divided into square or rectangle blocks

gridion

used in highly mountainous sites. following the contours of the topography

Meandering

using both the geometric and yandering straight patterns.geometric street pattern is used where that the rain is flat and mendering where is terrain is rolling

combination

the advantage of the grid system is its ability to lay out straight in a easy and direct manner as well as the easy insulation of services following the grade of the street. one disadvantage of the grid is its relative monotony. to avoid monotonous treat layouts in modified grid would be used.

modified grids

the grouping of houses presents a fireless difficult problem than that of the straight street. is shaped so that the fronting house automatic to create and an enclosed space

cul-de-sac

what is the maximum length of cul-de-sac

500 ft (152.4 meters)

good opportunities exist for varied and interesting house groups on lots planking loop street. one disadvantage is the eventual narrowness of certain lot frontage along the curvature

loops

Name the street pattern

cul-de-sac

Name the street pattern

loops

Major arterial: highways, bi-ways, expressway, super highways, freeways, motorways, autobahns, etc Provide unity throughout contagious urban area usually from boundaries or neighborhood

major roads

Minor arterial avenue, boulevard etc Main feeder streets, signal were needed and stop signs on side streets occasionally from boundaries for neighborhood

secondary roads

Main interior street and has top sign on side street

collector street

Local service street and non-conducive through traffic

local street

Street oak pen only to one end with provision of a partial turn around at the other

cul-de-sac, dead ends, turn around, T- junction, Y- junction, hammer, loop

Involves the remodeling of the existing landform to facilitate the function and circulation of the site

grading

What are the two principal relationships between building and land

The land may be graded to suit the building's needs, or the building's design can be adapted to the existing land.

Refers to area where soil is removed

cut area

Refers to area where soil is added

fill area

Removal of soil

excavation

Addition of soil

embankment

Which of the following is an advantage of grading by cut

greater soil stability

What is the disadvantage of grading by fill

possible of setting especially for large area

What is the primary advantage of combining cut and fill grading method

it is the most economical approach

Which of the grading method is best suited for raising low spot where drainage is an issue

grading by fill

What is the potential disadvantage of combining cut and fill techniques

it might be possible to arrange spaces suitable to the users needs

What is the significant disadvantage of grading by cut

loss of topsoil resulting in exposure of non fertile soil

Best suited for linear construction such as road, path and utility trenching

average end area method

Appropriate for large relatively uncomplicated grading plants and may also be used to compute volumes of water in ponds and lakes mostly used by landscape architects because it's most accurate

contour area method

Is appropriate for complex reading projects and urban conditions example excavation of buildings

borrow pit method or grid method

The final grade after all landscape develop has been completed it is the top surface of lawns, planting beds, pavements, and so on, and is normally designed by contours and spot elevations on grading plan

finished grade

The top of the material on which the surface materials such as topsoil and pavement including base materials is placed

subgrade

A subgray that must attain a specified density

compacted subgrade

Soil that has not been excavated or charged in any way

undistributed subgrade

Imported materials normally coarse or fine aggregate, that is typically placed under pavement

base or sub base

Television of the first floor of a structure the term may be used to designate the elevation of any floor

finish floor elevation

A layer of a soul soil profile. Because of its high organic content it is subject to decomposition and therefore is not appropriate subgrade materials for structure

topsoil

What is the term used to describe the practice of training water away from building to avoid moisture and structural problems

positive drainage

For economic reasons, where should the cut area ideally be located in the relation of the fill area

as close as possible

Which soil type are considered easier to load, spread and compact during grading

clay, silt and loam

What is the approximate angle of response for average soil in cut

55°

What is the approximate angle of response for average soil in fill

17°

Generally, slope greater than what percentage are considered unsafe

25°

Above what slope presentation does the use of grass cutting machinery become impractical

30%

What is dimensioned as a significant cost factor associated with retaining walls over 3 ft in height

reinforcing, gravel backfill, and whip holes

Essay complex process that combines practical with a artful in a unified functional composition. It combines elements of arts and science to create functional aesthetic a placing extensions of door living to outdoors

landscape design

Has been over done in residential landscape this approach seems formal and monotonous

symmetrical balance

Name the balance of landscape

symmetrical balance

Is often more desirable for residential landscape and balance is created without monotony

asymmetrical balance

Can be made to appear taller in relation to its length by proper placement of plant materials. Larger trees planted as a background break the horizontal roof line. Smaller tree at a few feet from end or corner would also help the house in taller relation to its length

a long low house or ranch style

Seems longer when few or no trees are placed in the background but medium sized, rounded trees are positioned on the side of the house. Plants place near this tree should decrease in height the further from the house they are positioned to create a sloping line replacing the vertical line of the house

a tall slender house

Name the balance in landscape

asymmetrical balance

Name the balance in landscape

a long low house or ranch style

Name the balance in landscape

a tall slender house

May compliment an office building but probably dwarf a single story residence

one large towering tree

Can be achieved through repetition of plants masses

focalization of the entrance

Can be used to and frame and or focalize a scene or direct view

direct views

transition from shorter to taller plants and from fine to coarse texture wood and frame the scene and make it appear closer like a painting on a wall

Transition from taller to shorter plants with textural changes from coarse to find along focal lines emphasize the beauty of a lake scene

What is a primary purpose of using tree as visual screen in the landscape design

to provide privacy or block negative views

Where should a visual screen be placed in relation to the item being screened

as close as possible

What elements can be combined to create effective noise screens in landscape design

raised land forms, ground covers, shrubs and trees

What was a historical use of foundation plantings

to block the view of race foundation and slow cold air movement

100

What is the maximum recommended height of plants in the foundation planting relative to the height of the house wall at the corners

2/3 the wall height

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