midterm

38問 • 1年前

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When the loading is uniform, its resultant passes through the centroid of the loaded area.

Centroidal Axial Loading

The difference between the effects of two different but statically equivalent loads becomes very small at sufficiently large distances from the load.

Saint Venant's Principle

About __ years ago, the French mathematician __ studied the effects of statically equivalent loads on the twisting of bars.

150, Saint Venant

The principle also applies to the effects caused by abrupt changes in the cross section.

Saint Venant's Principle

The stresses that act on complementary planes have the same magnitude but opposite sense.

Shear Stress

Stress acting on an interior plane is directed perpendicular to that plane.

Normal Stress

Is tangent to the plane on which it acts.

Shear Stress

Arises whenever the applied loads cause one section of a body to slide past its adjacent section.

Shear Stress

Only one cross-section of the rivet resist the shear, the rivet is said to be in __.

Single Shear

The bolt of the clevis carries the load P across two cross-sectional areas, the shear force being V = P/2 on each cross-section. Therefore, the bolt is said to be in __.

Double Shear

A circular slug is being punched out of a metal sheet. Here, the shear force is P and the shear area is similar to the milled edge of a coin. The loads shown in these figures are sometimes called __ to distinguish them from the __.

Direct Shear, Induced Shear

If two bodies are pressed against each other, __ forces are developed on the area of contact. The pressure caused by these surface loads is called __.

Compressive, Bearing Stress

A tank or pipe carrying a fluid or gas under a pressure is subjected to tensile forced, which resists bursting, developed across longitudinal and transverse sections.

Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels

Tangential stress is also known as __.

Circumferential Stress

Also known as unit deformation, __ is the ratio of the change in length caused by the applied force to original length.

Simple Strain

From the origin O to the point called __, the stress-strain curve is a straight line.

Proportional Limit

This linear relation between elongation and the axial force causing was first noticed by __ in __ and is called __ that within the proportional limit, the stress is directly proportional to strain.

Sir Robert Hooke, 1678, Hooke's Law

Is the limit beyond which the material will no longer go back to its original shape when the load is removed.

Elastic Limit

Is the maximum stress that maybe developed such that there is no permanent or residual deformation when the load is entirely removed.

Elastic Limit

The region in stress-strain diagram from O to P is called __.

Elastic Range

The region from P to R is called the __.

Plastic Range

Is the point at which the material will have an appreciable elongation or yielding without any increase in load.

Yield Point

The maximum ordinate in the stress-strain diagram is the __.

Ultimate Strength

Is the strength of the material at rupture. This is also known as the __.

Rapture Strength, Breaking Strength

Is the work done on a unit of material as the force is gradually increased from O to P.

Modulus of Resilience

This may be calculated as the area under the stress-strain curve from the origin O to up to the elastic limit E (the shaded area in the figure).

Modulus of Resilience

The __ of the material is its ability to absorb energy without creating a permanent distortion.

Resilience, Modulus of Resilience

Is the work done on a unit volume of a material as the force is gradually increased from O to R.

Modulus of Toughness

This may be calculated as the area under the entire stress-strain curve (from O to R).

Modulus of Toughness

The __ of a material is its ability to absorb energy without causing it to break.

Toughness, Modulus of Toughness

Is defined as the actual stress of a material under a given loading.

Working Stress

The maximum safe stress that a material can carry is termed as the __.

Allowable Stress

The __ should be limited to values not exceeding the proportional limit.

Allowable Stress

Since the proportional limit the __ is difficult to determine accurately, it is taken as either the yield point or ultimate strength divided by a factor of safety.

Allowable Stress

The ration of this strength (Ultimate or Yield Strength) to allowable strength is called the __.

Factor of Safety

Is the ratio of the steady force acting on an elastic body to the resulting displacement.

Stiffness

When the reactive forces or the internal resisting forces over a cross section exceed the number of independent equations of equilibrium, the structure is called __.

Statically Indeterminate

These cases require the use of additional relations that depend on the elastic deformations in the members.

Statically Indeterminate

Enumeration

Sabrina Mikhaela Canindo · 42問 · 1年前

Enumeration