Is the industrial-scale processes that makes water more acceptable for an end-use, which may be drinking, industry, or medicine.

Processes such as settling and fitration.

Processes such as disinfection and coagulation.

Processes are employed in the treatment of wastewater.

Is the introduction of substances, biological organisms, or energy into the soil, resulting in a change of the soil cuality, which is likely to affect the normal use of the soil or endangering public health and the living environment.

The combined effects of population explosion and changing modern living standards have had a cumulative effect in the generation of a large amount of various types of wastes.

Is very important in order to minimize the adverse effects of solid wastes.

Any material that is thrown away or discarded as unwanted.

Disposal of municipal waste in the upper layers of the earth's mantle.

Burn highly combustible wastes at very high temperature.

Decompose the organic components of the municipal solid wastes.

The introduction of substances to the marine environment directly or indirectly by man resulting in adverse effects such as hazardous to human health, obstruction of marine activities and lowering the quality of sea water.

Is mechanical energy from a vibrating source.

Is unpleasant and unwanted sound.

It can propagate through air, liquid or solid.

Is pressure perturbation in the medium through which it travels.

It creates alternate compression and rarefaction.

Noise is measure in terms of __ which is a log ratio of sound P to a std. P. It has a dimensionless unit __ (_). The international reference P is 2 x 10^-5 Pa.

The __ has recommended the permissible noise levels for various places

Is the degradation of water quality by any process that increases the ambient water temperature.

The physical pollution of air, water and soil by radioactive materials.

Is a waste with properties that make it potentially dangerous or harmful to human health or the environment.

This list includes certain wastes from specific industries, such as petroleum refining or pesticide manufacturing.

This list identifies wastes from many common manufacturing and industrial processes, such as solvents that have been used for cleaning or degreasing.

These lists include specific commercial chemical products that have not been used, but that will be (or have been) discarded.

This list includes certain wastes known to contain mercury, such as fluorescent lamps, mercury switches, and the products that house these switches, and mercury-containing novelties.

Can create fires under certain conditions, undergo spontaneous combustion, or have a flash point less than 60°C (140°F).

Are unstable under normal conditions. They can cause explosions or release toxic fumes, gases, or vapors when heated, compressed, or mixed with water.

Are materials, including solids, that are acids or bases, or that produce acidic or alkaline solutions.

Are harmful or fatal when ingested or absorbed.

These contain small amounts of mercury, a potent, developmental neurotoxin that can damage the brain, liver, kidneys and central nervous system, especially in infants and young children.

Accidental exposure can occur through ingestion, inhalation, and/or skin absorption.

The dangers associated with these are generally combustion or explosion dangers.

These are solid wastes that pose a fire threat. These are materials that have the potential to ignite by friction or heat sources, or by contact with other chemicals.

The primary danger is that the substance could ignite.

Permanent change in DNA (genetic material), which may be passed on to later generations.

An increase in an individual's risk of developing cancer.

The risk that a developing embryo will have physical defects.

Are key concerns as a hazardous waste begins its journey from the generator site to a secure long-term storage facility.

In this process, chemicals are mixed with waste sludge, the mixture is pumped onto land, and solidification occurs in several days or weeks.

Offers an alternative to digging up and moving large quantities of hazardous waste, and is particularly suitable for treating large volumes of dilute waste.

is usually achieved by incineration, which takes advantage of the large organic fraction of waste being generated by many industries, but may lead to secondary problems for hazardous waste engineers.

Before shipment to a processing or long-term storage facility, wastes are segregated by type and chemical characteristics.

Is generally practiced to prevent undesirable reactions at disposal sites and may lead to economics of scale in the design of detoxification or resource recovery facilities.

These techniques are specific ion exchange obviously does not work for every chemical, and some forms of heat treatment may be prohibitively expensive for sludge that has a high water content.

Waste-specific degradation processes include __, which destroys organophosphorus and carbonate pesticides, and __, which destroys some polychiorinated pesticides

A wide range of material to encapsulate hazardous waste is available.

Are transported across the nation on trucks, rail flatcars, and barges.

Are based on the premise that one person's waste is another person's prize.

Hazardous waste landfills should be located well above historically high groundwater tables.

Hazardous waste management facilities should be located outside the paths of recurring severe storms.

A disposal or processing facility should be located only on stable geologic formations.

The ecological balance must be considered as hazardous waste management facilities are located in a region.

Areas with low ultimate land use should receive prime consideration. Areas with high recreational use potential should be avoided because of the increased possibility of direct human contact with the wastes.

Factors that could make or break an effort to site a hazardous waste management facility fall under this major heading.

Is a controlled process that uses combustion to convert a waste to a less bulky, less toxic, or less noxious material.