問題一覧
1
Many ... are used for mining, agriculture, grazing, and recreation and for development of dams.
Commercial Uses, Forests Lands
2
Regulates earth temperature and hydrological cycle.
Ecological Significance of Forests
3
It also over use many resources because of their greater human population.
Developing Nations
4
Refers to energy sources which are not based on the burning of fossil fuels or the splitting of atoms.
Use of Alternate Energy Sources
5
Wood, tidal, solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, biofuel, geothermal, hydrogen.
Renewable Energy
6
Our forests contribute substantially to the national economy. The international timber trade alone is worth over US $ ... per year.
Over Exploitation of Forests, 40 billion
7
Change of forest with depletion of tree crown cover more than 90%.
Tropical Deforestation, FAO of UN
8
The natural reserves which man utilizes for sustenance and welfare.
Stock Supply
9
Comes from damming of rivers and utilization of high pressure, its kinetic energy is transformed into turbine blades and used to generate electricity.
Hydro Power
10
Are built across the river in order to store water for drinking, agricultural, industrial purpose.
Dams
11
Any component which can be transferred in a way such that it becomes more valuable and useful.
Resource
12
Litter helps in maintaining soil fertility.
Ecological Significance of Forests
13
The surface of the tropical ocean and at deeper level.
Ocean Thermal Energy
14
Petrol, electrical energy, coal burning.
Secondary
15
Advanced countries produce over ...% of global industrial waste and greenhouse gases.
75
16
Process of eating away the vegetation along with its roots without giving a chance to regenerate.
Overgrazing
17
It reduces soil erosion on steep slopes by concerting the land into a series of broad, level terraces.
Terracing
18
The chief product that forests supply is ..., which is used as fuel, raw material for various industries as pulp, paper, newsprint, board, timber for furniture items, other uses as in packing articles, matches, sports goods etc.
Commercial Uses, Wood
19
Conversion of forests to agricultural land to feed growing numbers of people.
Agriculture
20
Saturation of soil with irrigation water or excessive precipitation so that water table rises close to surface.
Water logging or Salinization
21
Fertilizers, seed dressings and fungicides.
Agriculture
22
Famine, drought, earthquake, flood, gale, storm.
Natural Calamities
23
Are established to reduce wind erosion and also for retaining soil moisture.
Wind Breaks or Shelter Belts
24
Affects infants.
Nitrate Pollution
25
The devasting effects of deforestation in India include soil, water and wind erosion, estimated to cost over ... cores every year.
Over Exploitation of Forests, 16,400
26
Are the homes of millions of wild animals and plants.
Forests
27
Resources which have accumulated in nature over a long span of time and cannot be quickly replenished when exhausted.
Non-Renewable Energy
28
It is universal right.
Clean Water
29
Forests bind the soil particles tightly in their roots and prevent soil erosion.
Soil Conservation
30
It has been generated which disrupt the surface and ground water circulation.
Great volume of debris
31
When evaporation and transpiration rates are lower than the rainfall.
Surface Water
32
Energy harassed from the hot rocks inside earth. E.g. Natural geysers in Manikaran
Geothermal Energy
33
This involves planting crops in rows across the contour of gently sloped land.
Contour Farming
34
Helps in maintaining soil fertility.
Litter
35
They control climate through transpiration of water and seed clouding.
Forested Watersheds
36
Minimum water falls height.
10m
37
Raising cash crops for increased economy.
Cash Crop Economy
38
The main greenhouse gas carbon dioxide is absorbed by the forests as a raw material for photosynthesis.
Production of Oxygen
39
Good quality grasses and herbs with high nutritive value, when grazed lose even the root stocks which carry the reserve food for regeneration get destroyed which gives raise to secondary species like parthenium, Lantane, Xanthium etc.
Loss of Useful Species
40
With growing civilization, the demands for raw material like timber, pulp, minerals, fuel wood etc. shot up resulting in large scale logging, mining, road-building and clearing of forests.
Over Exploitation of Forests
41
Most of the animals and plants have ...% of water in their body.
60-65
42
Conservation derived from two Latin words, ...- together ... - to keep or guard measures, i.e. an act of preservation or to keep together
con, servare
43
It is generally made up of gravel, sand etc.
Aquifer
44
Reduces soil erosion (roots binding), prevents siltation and landslides thereby floods.
Ecological Significance of Forests
45
Leads to organically poor, dry, compacted soil cannot be used for further cultivation.
Land Degradation
46
The practice through which specific plant species are cared and managed so as to obtain maximum yield of consumable parts of plants.
Modern Agriculture
47
Leads to rapid depletion of water resources, ground subsidence, lowering of water table and water logging.
Over Utilization of Water
48
Particularly in Ayurvedic System.
Medical System
49
About ... species are found in the tropical forests alone.
7 million
50
Now days they are mainly used for the hydropower production.
Dams
51
Growing energy needs: Population explosion, Luxurious life, Industries, Agriculture, mining, transportation, lighting, cooling, heating, building all need energy.
Energy Resources
52
The stacking of over burden and building of soil banks creates problems of ...
Landslides
53
Due to increase in population and decrease in water resources.
Conflicts Over Water
54
Utilization of low grade ores by using microbial.
Leaching Technique
55
Depends heavily on a larger number of plant and animal products from forests for his daily needs.
Commercial Uses, Man
56
The main problem associated with natural resources.
Unequal Consumption
57
Takes place due to removal of vegetal covers.
Deforestation
58
Are naturally occurring substances with definite chemical and physical properties.
Minerals
59
The recharge of this layer is by rainfall or snowmelt.
Unconfined Aquifer
60
Forests are the homes of millions of wild animals and plants.
Wild Life Habitat
61
Results in tilting of buildings, cracks in houses, buckling of roads, bending of rail tracks and leaking of gas from cracked pipe lines leading to serious disasters.
Subsidence of Mining Areas
62
Is an element or inorganic compound that occurs naturally.
Mineral
63
Total energy from sun per year - ... times the energy used by man.
35,000
64
The USA for example with just ...% of the world's population consumes about ...% of the world's resources.
4, 25
65
Forests also act as wind breakers.
Soil Conservation
66
It has been estimated that more than ... million tons of top soil is eroded annually along with ... million tons of nutrients. About ... of this is lost in sea while the rest in reservoirs and rivers leading to flood.
5000, 5, 1/3
67
Safe habitat for birds, wild animals and organisms against wind, solar radiation and rain.
Ecological Significance of Forests
68
The trees and shrubs provide shade which reduce water loss by evaporation and preserve soil moisture.
Alley Cropping or Agro forestry
69
Used to run car, power plants and spaceships.
Solar Energy
70
The layer of soil which is permeable has the ability to store water.
Aquifer
71
... from fossil fuels consumed in relatively much greater quantities in developed countries.
Energy
72
The recharge is through unconfined aquifer layers.
Confined Aquifer
73
FAO
Food and Agriculture Organization
74
It is used for domestic, irrigation, industrial purposes.
Water
75
These hazardous features have reduced the overall progress of the region as they obstruct the roads, communication media and water flow.
hill slopes are prone to landslides, landslips, rockslides etc.
76
This results in destruction of landscape in the area.
Devegetation and defacing of lands
77
Weapons, settlement.
Defense Equipments
78
Average wind velocity of earth ... and power produced when a windmill is facing the wind is ...
9m/sec, 10 miles/hr-50 watts
79
These play a key role in the development process due to their multiple uses.
River valley projects with big dams
80
Miners working in different type of mines suffer from asbestosis, silicosis, black lung disease.
Occupational Health Hazards
81
The reduction in soil capacity to produce in terms of quality, quantity goods and services.
Land Degradation
82
Forest, water, soil, food, mineral and energy.
Natural Resources
83
Soil root zone becomes saturated with so much water blocking oxygen supply for growth and soil becomes unsuitable.
Clayey Soil
84
Coal, petroleum, natural gas.
Non-Renewable Energy
85
Deficiency in surface and subsurface water supplies.
Hydrological
86
Mining and ore processing normally causes ... pollution.
Air, Water
87
Usually present as an impurity in many ores is known to get converted into sulphuric acid through microbial action, thereby making the water acidic..
Groundwater Contamination, Sulphur
88
Can help in checking floods and generate electricity and reduce water and power shortage, provide irrigation water to lower areas, provide drinking water in remote areas and promote navigation, fishery.
Dams
89
Accumulate around roots affect the plants.
Carbon Dioxide and Ethylene
90
This retains water for crops at each level and reduces soil erosion by water runoff.
Terracing
91
Over nourishment of lakes due to agriculture field wash out-leads to algal bloom-dead organic matters increases due to decomposition-leads to oxygen demand.
Eutrophication
92
It causes lowering of water table, which leads to drying of wells or sea water intrusion.
Deeper excavation of ground
93
Forests can absorb many toxic gases and can help in keeping the air pure and in preventing noise pollution.
Pollution Moderators
94
Land that is permanently converted from forest to agricultural land, golf courses, cattle pasture, home, lakes or desert.
Deforestation