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問題一覧
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EXAMPLE: SOCIOLOGICAL IMPACTS
Technology, Economic Changes, Cultural Shifts, Education, Urbanization, Globalization, Health Crises, Social Movements, Family Dynamics
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OVERGRAZING Problems Faced by Food Resources
Land Degradation, Soil Erosion, Loss of Useful Species
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TYPES OF WATER
Ground Water, Aquifer, Unconfined Aquifer, Confined Aquifer, Clean Water, Surface Water, Flood
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TYPES OF MINING OPERATIONS
Open Cast Mining, Underground Mining
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IMPACTS OF MINING OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES CAUSED BY MINING ACTIVITIES
Devegetation and Defacing of Lands, Subsidence of Land, Groundwater Contamination, Occupational Health Hazards, Surface Water Pollution, Air Pollution
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STEPS ON HOW TO CONDUCT AN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Define the Scope of the Assessment, Collect Baseline Data, Identify Potential Impacts, Determine the Significance of the Impacts, Develop Mitigation Measures, Prepare an EIA Report
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TYPES OF DROUGHT
Meteorological, Hydrological, Agricultural, Socioeconomic
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CONCEPTS IN CONSERVATION
Restraining cutting of trees and submerging the forests, Reforestation, Afforestation, Control forest diseases and forest fire, Recycling forest products, Replacing forest products
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NATURAL RESOURCES
Forest, Water, Mineral, Food, Energy, Land
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SECONDARY SOURCES OF ENERGY
Petrol, Electrical Energy, Coal Burning
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CONFLICTS OVER THE WATER
Control of Water Resources, Military Food Resources, Political Resources, Terrorism, Military Targets, Development Disputes
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USES OF MINERALS
Development of Industrial Plants and Machinery, Generation of Energy, Construction, Defense Equipments, Transportation, Communication, Medical System, Formation of Alloys, Agriculture, Jewelry
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FOREST FUNCTIONS:
Protective and Ameliorative Functions, Recreational and Educational Functions, Development Functions, Productive Functions
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TYPES OF SLIDES
Slides due to natural factors, Slides induced by man and his activities
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PROBLEMS FACED BY FOOD RESOURCES
Overgrazing, Modern Agriculture
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ENERGY HARVESTING DEVISES
Solar Heat Collectors, Solar Cells, Solar Cooker, Solar Water Heater, Solar Furnace, Solar Power Plants
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IMPACTS RELATED TO HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES
Monoculture, Micronutrient Imbalance, Nitrate Pollution, Eutrophication
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EXAMPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Air Pollution, Noise Pollution, Light Pollution, Overpopulation, Deforestation, Ozone Depletion, Fossil Depletion, Ocean Acidification, Habitat Destruction, Biodiversity Loss
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DEVELOPMENT FUNCTIONS
Employment Functions, Revenue
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IMPACTS OF BIG DAMS
Upstream Level, Downstream Level
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NATURAL CALAMITIES
Famine, Drought, Earthquake, Flood, Gale, Storm
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IMPACTS (LAND RESOURCES)
Land Degradation, Man Induced Landslides, Soil Erosion
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UNIQUE FEATURES OF WATER
High Specific Heat, High Latent Heat of Vaporization, Good Solvent for Oxygen, Nutrients and Pollutants, Anomalous Expansion on Freezing, High Surface Tension
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REASONS FOR OVER UTILIZATION OF WATER
Economic Development, Rapid Industrial Growth, Population Explosion
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PRIMARY SOURCES OF ENGERY
Renewable Energy, Non-Renewable Energy
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KEY ASPECTS: SOCIOLOGICAL IMPACTS
Community Health, Social Inequality, Behavioral Changes, Cultural Practices, Social Movements, Economic Impacts
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QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Checklist, Interaction Matrix, Checklist with Weighted Rankings
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THE AVAILABILITY OF WATER DECREASES IN THE FOLLOWING ORDER
Tropical Rain Forest, Temperate Regions, Deserts
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PROTECTIVE AND AMELIORATIVE FUNCTIONS
Watershed Protection, Erosion Control, Land Bank, Atmospheric Regulation
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PHASES: Checklists
Planning Phase, Construction Phase, Operation Phase
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ECOLOGICAL USES The ecological services provided by our forests may be summed up as follows:
Production of Oxygen, Wild Life Habitat, Regulation of Hydrological Cycle, Soil Conservation, Pollution Moderators
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ENVIRONMENTAL INVENTORY: checklist of descriptors
Physical-Chemical Environment Data, Biological Environment Data, Cultural Environment Data, Socioeconomic Environment Data
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MODERN AGRICULTURE Problems Faced by Food Resources
High Yield Variety Crops, Micronutrients Imbalance, Nitrate Pollution, Eutrophication, Pesticide Related Problems, Water Logging, Salinity
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ENERGY RESOURCES OR ALTERNATE ENERGY SOURCES
Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Hydro Power, Tidal Energy, Ocean Thermal Energy, Geothermal Energy
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PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT includes such major areas such as:
Soil, Geology, Topography, Surface Water, Ground Water, Water Quality, Air Quality and Climatology
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CHECKLIST TECHNIQUE SCALE: Importance of impact is quantified using a scale
No Impact, Minimal Impact, Small Impact, Moderate Impact, Significant Impact, Severe Impact
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SOIL EROSION
Terracing, Contour Farming, Alley Cropping or Agro Forestry, Wind Breaks or Shelter Belts
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SOURCES OF ENGERY
Primary, Secondary
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PRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONS
Fodder for Cattle, Fuel Wood and Charcoal, Poles for Building Homes, Food: Consumptive Use, Sericulture and Apiculture, Medicinal Plants for Traditional Medicines
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THREE DISTINCT STAGES The potential socioeconomic impacts of wind farm development may be divided into three distinct stages:
Pre-Construction Impacts, Construction Impacts, Post-Construction Impacts
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CONTROL MEASURES FOR DROUGHT
Rain Water Harvesting, Watershed Management, Prevent Deforestation, Encourage Afforestation
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HUMAN ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE LAND SLIDING
Massive Deforestation, Erratic Agricultural Practices, Road Building, Unscientific Quarrying, Engineering Constructions
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CHECKLISTS: lists of potential environmental impacts
Primary Effects, Secondary Effects