Interlocking pattern of several interlinked food chains.

It occupies about 17% of the earth's surface.

Many plants are used in primary health care.

Shows the relationship between consumers and producers at different tropic levels in an ecosystem.

These are carnivores and feed on primary consumers.

The reduction of NO3 to N2. --ing bacteria return some of the nitrogen to the atmosphere.

Soil bacteria convert in a two step process.

Are characterized by hot days & cold nights.

Wood for paper and Plywood, Cotton for textile industry, Pearl for pearl industry.

Are usually big standing freshwater bodies.

Suggests that any species may be proved to be a valuable species after someday.

Cannot be solved by mere laws.

It means that a species may or may not be used but its existence in nature gives us pleasure.

__% of modern medicines are derived from plant and plant extracts.

A graphical representation that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each tropic level in a food chain or a food web.

The first step in the production of energy for living things.

How the organisms respond to the atmosphere, topography, soil, and climate and water availability.

Is released from rocks and sediments through the action of erosion.

Are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses and other herbaceous (non-woody) plants.

Eat dead organic matter; bacteria and fungi.

Rapidly-moving water, for example Streams and Rivers.

Conflicting situations with wild life starts causing immense damage and danger to man.

Include the non-living physical beings.

Conservative estimates of the existing biodiversity is ten million species, but if estimates for insects are correct then it could be around 30 million species, we have till now enlisted about 1.4 million species.

A place where living organisms not only live but interact with biotic & abiotic components.

An important aspect which serves the environmental Protection.

Is absorbed by plants and incorporated into nucleic acids, phospholipids and ATP.

Are of great concern from the environmental point of view.

Is very stable and must be broken apart by organisms, combined with other atoms into a usable form.

These are associated with the social life, religion and spiritual aspects of the people.

Are characterized by scanty flora & fauna.

Include the living beings of the ecosystem.

Poppy bark.

It is a level of biodiversity that refers to the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species.

Branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical environment.

The circulation of oxygen in various forms through nature free in the air and dissolved in water.

Is must for the stability and proper functioning of the biosphere.

Specific threats to certain animals are related to large economic benefits.

World's total land area is __ million hectares - (Source: FAO; 1989) of which total forests account for about __% of the world's land area.

A change in the community in which new populations of organisms gradually replace existing ones.

Represents the total dry mass (in grams per square meter of area) of all the organisms in each tropic level at a particular time.

Is mainly due to human population growth, industrialization and changes in the land use patterns, poaching of wild life and man wildlife conflicts.

Freshwater ecosystems contain __% of the world's known fish species.

These ecosystems are different from freshwater ecosystem mainly because of its salty water.

A large number of wild plants and wild animals are consumed by human beings as food.

Feed on carnivores.

78% in Atmosphere.

All abiotic and biotic components around man; all living and non-living things surrounds man.

Is an area with a high density of trees.

Represents rate of energy flow and/or productivity at successive tropic levels. They are always UPRIGHT.

Eat plants/animals.

Freshwater ecosystems cover __% of the Earth's surface and contain __% of its total water.

Meat eaters: eat herbivores.

Plants by photosynthesis convert solar energy into __.

Soils of this ecosystem often have abundant nutrients but little or no organic matter.

Eats plants.

Bacteria, Viruses, Parasites

Eat other organisms.

These include basic inorganic & organic compounds present in the soil & atmosphere.

Fire woods are directly consumed by villagers.

Community development in the areas that were previously occupied by another community.

Radioactive and UV radiations, Global warming, Chlorofluro carbons, Noise etc.

Is the variety and differences among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part.

Are among the Earth's aquatic ecosystems. They include: Oceans, Estuaries and Lagoons, Mangroves and Coral reefs, the Deep sea and the Sea floor.

The beautiful nature of plants and animals insists us to protect the biodiversity.

Slow-moving water, including Pools, Ponds, and Lakes.

It occurs after a disturbance. E.g., loss of trees after disease, fire or wind, deforestation etc.

Roots absorb NH3, NH4, or NO3 and incorporate them into nucleic acids and protein.

Occurs where there is no soil, e.g. after a volcanic eruption or a glacial retreat.

A natural functional ecological unit comprising of living organisms and their non-living environment that interact to form a stable self-supporting system.

Is released to the soil again by decomposers.

An open water zone where effective penetration of solar light takes place.

Occur in regions too dry for forests and too moist for deserts.

Study of the distribution and abundance of organisms, the flows of energy and materials between abiotic and biotic components of ecosystem.

An ecosystem linking of feeding habit relations.

It includes among others about __% birds, __% reptiles and amphibians, __% fish and about __% higher plants known to exist on this Earth.

Fungus is the source.

Is crucial for all organisms.

Shows the relative number of individual organisms at each tropic level.

Areas where the soil is saturated with water or inundated for at least part of the time.

It involves maintenance and breeding of endangered plant and animal species under partially or wholly controlled conditions in zoos, gardens and laboratories.

Silk from silk worm, Wool from sheep, Musk from musk deer, Leather from animals.

Is a life supporting system to the human race.

It refers to the variety of species within a region.

Make food, plants, algae.

Are often exposed to tremendous anthropogenic pressure which significantly affects the system.

Chincona bark.

These include wide variety of saprotrophic micro-organism.

A deep water zone where light penetration is negligible.

These are the gigantic reservoirs of water covering approximately __% of the Earth's surface (an area of some 361 million square kilometers).

A landscape or region that receives almost no precipitation.

Is second only to nitrogen in abundance among uncombined elements in the atmosphere.

Occupy about 24% of the earth's surface.

The crucial issue for conservation is to identify those species which are more at risk of extinction.

Deals with biotic community present in water bodies.