LIPIDS

49問 • 1年前

JHAYS

通報

問題一覧

Lipids are also known as

fats

Organic compound found in living organisms that is ________ in water but _______ in non polar organic solvents

insoluble, soluble

breaking down into smaller units through its reaction with water

hydrolysis

hydrolysis reaction that occurs in basic solution

saponification reaction

FUNCTIONS OF LIPIDS

storing chemical energy and carbon atoms in the body, surround and insulate vital body organs, provides protection from mechanical shock, prevents excessive loss of heat energy

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - energy storage

triacyglycerols

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - Membrane lipids

phospolipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - Emulsification

bile acids

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - messenger lipids

steroid hormones, eicosanoid

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - protective-coating lipids

biological waxes

BASED ON SAPONIFICATION - saponifiable lipids

triacyglycerol, phospolipids, sphingolipids, biological waxes

BASED ON SAPONIFICATION - non-saponifiable

cholesterol, steroid hormones, bile acids, eicosanoids

◼ BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIPIDS ◼ FIRST ISOLATED FROM NATURALLY OCCURRING FATS ◼ NEARLY ALWAYS CONTAIN AN EVEN NUMBER OF CARBON ATOMS AND HAVE A CARBON CHAIN THAT IS UNBRANCHED

fatty acids

TYPES - FA with a carbon chain in which all carbon-carbon bonds single bonds

saturated fatty acids

TYPES Carbon chain in which one carboncarbon double bond is present

monounsaturated fatty acids

- Carbon chain in which two or more carbon-carbon double bonds are present - Up to 6 double bonds are found

polyunsaturated fatty acids

An unsaturated FA with its endmost double bond three carbon atoms away from its methyl end

OMEGA-3 FA

An unsaturated FA with its endmost double bond six carbon atoms away from its methyl end

OMEGA-6 FA

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FATTY ACIDS

water solubility, melting point

have slight solubility in water

short chain FA

insoluble in water

long chain FA

Carbon chain _____, melting point ______

lengthens, increases

solid in room temperature

Long chain saturated FA

liquid in a room temperature

Long chain unsaturated FA

- FOUND PRIMARILY IN ADIPOCYTES - Most abundant type of lipid present in the human body

triacylglycerol

____ is a compound produced from the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid

ester

- Naturally occurring TAG molecules in which many different kinds of TAG are present - Solid or semi-solid at room temperature (25C) - Obtained from animal - Composed largely of TAG - Higher melting point - Colorless, odorless, tasteless

fats

- Naturally occurring mixtures of TAG molecules in which many different kinds of TAG are present - Liquid at room temperature - Contains larger amounts of mono- and polyunsaturated FA - Lower melting point - Comes from plants and fish - Tastes, odors and color are due to small amounts of naturally occurring substances present in the plant

oils

___% coming from monounsaturated fats, ___% from polyunsaturated fats, less than ___% from saturated fats

15, 10, 10

BAD FATS

saturated fats

GOOD FATS

monounsaturated fats

both good and bad fats

polyunsaturated fats

MORE OMEGA 3 FA

COLD WATER FISH AKA FATTY FISH

LESSER OMEGA 3 FA

LEANER, WARM WATER FISH

- Must be obtained from dietary sources - Cannot be synthesized within the body

essential fatty acids

2 ESSENTIAL FA

Linoleic, Linolenic

- Starting material for the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid - Major starting material for eicosanoids - substances that help regulate blood pressure, clotting, and several important bodily functions

Linoleic

- Necessary for normal brain development - Active in the retina of the eye

Linoleic

Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin resulting to the reduction of inflammation and prevention of chronic diseases.

Linolenic

- Starting material for the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid

omega 6

Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin resulting to the reduction of inflammation and prevention of chronic diseases.

omega 3

- Can be carried out with an acid or a base in a laboratory - Occurs during the process of digestion with the help of enzymes produced in the pancreas (lipase and trypsin) ACID • Hydrolysis products are glycerol and FA BASE • Glycerol and fatty acid salts

hydrolysis

2 TYPES OF HYDROLYSIS

acid, base

Hydrolysis products are glycerol and FA

acid

Glycerol and fatty acid salts

Base

- HYDROLYSIS REACTION CARRIED OUT IN AN ALKALINE SOLUTION - For fats and oils, products are glycerol and fatty acid salts - Also used in soapmaking

saponification

INVOLVES HYDROGEN ADDITION ACROSS CARBON BONDS WHICH INCREASES THE DEGREE OF SATURATION AS SOME BONDS ARE CONVERTED TO SINGLE BONDS

hydrogenation

- Double bonds in TAG are subject to oxidation with molecular oxygen from air as the oxidizing agent - Aldehyde and carboxylic acid - Produces a rancid odor - To avoid this unwanted oxidation process, commercially prepared food with fats and oils, antioxidants are added

oxidation

- Fatty acid with trans double bonds - Similar with LDL (bad cholesterol) - Raises LDL but not HDL (good cholesterol) - Naturally present in meat and dairy products - When cooking - Use olive, canola, soy oil

trans fatty acid

HCI

HCI

TERMS

TERMS

HEALTH DEF

HEALTH DEF

ANAPHY PRELIMS REVIEW

JHAYS · 43問 · 1年前

ANAPHY PRELIMS REVIEW

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

BIOCHEM

BIOCHEM

SKELETAL SYSTEM

SKELETAL SYSTEM

joints

joints

muscle and joint movements

JHAYS · 17問 · 1年前

muscle and joint movements

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

NEUROTRANSMITTER

NEUROTRANSMITTER

NERVOUS

NERVOUS

NERVOUS PART 2

NERVOUS PART 2

SPECIAL SENSES

SPECIAL SENSES

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

THEORIST

THEORIST

THEORIST BASICS

THEORIST BASICS

CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM

JHAYS · 46問 · 1年前

CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM

LIPIDS METABOLISM

LIPIDS METABOLISM

REVALIDA (BIOGRAPHY)

REVALIDA (BIOGRAPHY)

REVALIDA (THEORY)

REVALIDA (THEORY)

REVALIDA - METAPARADIGM (NURSING)

JHAYS · 7問 · 1年前

REVALIDA - METAPARADIGM (NURSING)

7問 • 1年前

JHAYS

REVALIDA - METAPARADIGM (HEALTH)

JHAYS · 7問 · 1年前

REVALIDA - METAPARADIGM (HEALTH)

7問 • 1年前

JHAYS

REVALIDA - METAPARADIGM (ENVIRONMENT)

JHAYS · 7問 · 1年前

REVALIDA - METAPARADIGM (ENVIRONMENT)

7問 • 1年前

JHAYS

REVALIDA - METAPARADIGM (NURSING)

JHAYS · 7問 · 1年前

REVALIDA - METAPARADIGM (NURSING)

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

CARDIO

CARDIO

VASCULAR

VASCULAR

REPRODUCTIVE - MALE

REPRODUCTIVE - MALE

REPRODUCTIVE - FEMALE

JHAYS · 66問 · 1年前

REPRODUCTIVE - FEMALE

TFN FINALS

TFN FINALS

VITAMINS (AKA)

VITAMINS (AKA)

VITAMINS

VITAMINS

ENZYME

ENZYME

NUCLEIC ACID

NUCLEIC ACID

INTRO TO MICROBIOLOGY (MICROPARA LEC/LAB)

JHAYS · 24問 · 1年前

INTRO TO MICROBIOLOGY (MICROPARA LEC/LAB)

24問 • 1年前

JHAYS

MICROSCOPY (MICROPARA LEC/LAB)

JHAYS · 27問 · 1年前

MICROSCOPY (MICROPARA LEC/LAB)

27問 • 1年前

JHAYS

STAINING (MICROPARA LEC/LAB)

JHAYS · 31問 · 1年前

STAINING (MICROPARA LEC/LAB)

31問 • 1年前

JHAYS

NURSING AS A PROFESSION (FUNDA LEC)

JHAYS · 22問 · 1年前

NURSING AS A PROFESSION (FUNDA LEC)

22問 • 1年前

JHAYS

DIFFERENT WARDS IN HOSPITAL (FUNDA LAB)

JHAYS · 35問 · 1年前

DIFFERENT WARDS IN HOSPITAL (FUNDA LAB)

35問 • 1年前

JHAYS

CHAIN OF INFECTION (FUNDA LAB)

JHAYS · 26問 · 1年前

CHAIN OF INFECTION (FUNDA LAB)

26問 • 1年前

JHAYS

INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH ASSESSMENT (HA LEC)

JHAYS · 16問 · 1年前

INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH ASSESSMENT (HA LEC)

HEALTH EDUC

HEALTH EDUC

ETHICS

ETHICS

CULTURE IN MORAL BEHAVIOR

JHAYS · 35問 · 1年前

CULTURE IN MORAL BEHAVIOR

35問 • 1年前

JHAYS

GROWTH OF PROFESSIONALISM - FUNDA LEC

JHAYS · 30問 · 1年前

GROWTH OF PROFESSIONALISM - FUNDA LEC

30問 • 1年前

JHAYS

HISTORY OF NURSING IN THE WORLD - FUNDA LEC

JHAYS · 85問 · 1年前

HISTORY OF NURSING IN THE WORLD - FUNDA LEC

85問 • 1年前

JHAYS

DIFFERENT FIELDS OF NURSING - FUNDA LEC

JHAYS · 11問 · 1年前

DIFFERENT FIELDS OF NURSING - FUNDA LEC

11問 • 1年前

JHAYS

BODY MECHANICS - FUNDA RLE

JHAYS · 7問 · 1年前

BODY MECHANICS - FUNDA RLE

BED BATH - FUNDA RLE

BED BATH - FUNDA RLE

BED MAKING - RLE

BED MAKING - RLE

HISTORY TAKING - HA

HISTORY TAKING - HA

GENERAL SUVEY - HA

GENERAL SUVEY - HA

METHODS OF EXAMINING - HA

JHAYS · 19問 · 1年前

METHODS OF EXAMINING - HA

SKIN ASSESSMENT - HA

SKIN ASSESSMENT - HA

EYE ASSESSMENT - HA

EYE ASSESSMENT - HA

PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS (MICROPARA)

JHAYS · 44問 · 1年前

PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS (MICROPARA)

44問 • 1年前

JHAYS

BACTERIAL GROWTH REQUIREMENTS - MICROPARA

JHAYS · 22問 · 1年前

BACTERIAL GROWTH REQUIREMENTS - MICROPARA

22問 • 1年前

JHAYS

BACTERIAL MORPHOLOGY- MICROPARA

JHAYS · 28問 · 1年前

BACTERIAL MORPHOLOGY- MICROPARA

28問 • 1年前

JHAYS

HOST RESPONSE TO INFECTION - MICROPARA

JHAYS · 32問 · 1年前

HOST RESPONSE TO INFECTION - MICROPARA

Communication skills

Communication skills

NURSING PROCESS

NURSING PROCESS

Guidelines for Nursing Diagnosis

JHAYS · 28問 · 1年前

Guidelines for Nursing Diagnosis

TERMS

TERMS

CLASSIFICATION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES - MICROPARA

JHAYS · 11問 · 1年前

CLASSIFICATION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES - MICROPARA

11問 • 1年前

JHAYS

BACTERIA AND DISEASE - MICROPARA

JHAYS · 48問 · 1年前

BACTERIA AND DISEASE - MICROPARA

48問 • 1年前

JHAYS

EXOTOXIN VS. ENDOTOXIN

JHAYS · 28問 · 1年前

EXOTOXIN VS. ENDOTOXIN

INTRO TO PARA

INTRO TO PARA

HEALTH TEACHING PLAN

HEALTH TEACHING PLAN

DIFFERENT TRADITIONAL TEACHING STRATEGIES

JHAYS · 20問 · 1年前

DIFFERENT TRADITIONAL TEACHING STRATEGIES

20問 • 1年前

JHAYS

TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS

JHAYS · 17問 · 1年前

TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS

CARDIOVASCULAR

CARDIOVASCULAR

ABDOMINAL

ABDOMINAL

BACTERIAL INFECTION (PATHOGEN)

JHAYS · 48問 · 10ヶ月前

BACTERIAL INFECTION (PATHOGEN)

BACTERIAL INFECTION

BACTERIAL INFECTION

COMMON PARASITIC INFECTION

JHAYS · 42問 · 10ヶ月前

COMMON PARASITIC INFECTION

MYCOLOGY

MYCOLOGY

DOCUMENTATION

DOCUMENTATION

Health and Illness

Health and Illness

LOSS AND GRIEF

LOSS AND GRIEF

BACK CARE AND MASSAGE

JHAYS · 8問 · 10ヶ月前

BACK CARE AND MASSAGE

PATIENT POSITIONING

PATIENT POSITIONING

SUPPORT DEVICES

SUPPORT DEVICES

VACCINE

VACCINE

NUDIET TERMINILOGIES

NUDIET TERMINILOGIES

NUTRITION

NUTRITION

1. ANATOMY & PHYSIO

1. ANATOMY & PHYSIO

2. FETAL DEVELOPMENT

2. FETAL DEVELOPMENT

TERMS TO REMEMBER

TERMS TO REMEMBER

PHARMACOLOGY

PHARMACOLOGY

3. MAMMARY GLANDS

3. MAMMARY GLANDS

問題一覧

Lipids are also known as

fats

Organic compound found in living organisms that is ________ in water but _______ in non polar organic solvents

insoluble, soluble

breaking down into smaller units through its reaction with water

hydrolysis

hydrolysis reaction that occurs in basic solution

saponification reaction

FUNCTIONS OF LIPIDS

storing chemical energy and carbon atoms in the body, surround and insulate vital body organs, provides protection from mechanical shock, prevents excessive loss of heat energy

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - energy storage

triacyglycerols

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - Membrane lipids

phospolipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - Emulsification

bile acids

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - messenger lipids

steroid hormones, eicosanoid

BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION - protective-coating lipids

biological waxes

BASED ON SAPONIFICATION - saponifiable lipids

triacyglycerol, phospolipids, sphingolipids, biological waxes

BASED ON SAPONIFICATION - non-saponifiable

cholesterol, steroid hormones, bile acids, eicosanoids

◼ BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIPIDS ◼ FIRST ISOLATED FROM NATURALLY OCCURRING FATS ◼ NEARLY ALWAYS CONTAIN AN EVEN NUMBER OF CARBON ATOMS AND HAVE A CARBON CHAIN THAT IS UNBRANCHED

fatty acids

TYPES - FA with a carbon chain in which all carbon-carbon bonds single bonds

saturated fatty acids

TYPES Carbon chain in which one carboncarbon double bond is present

monounsaturated fatty acids

- Carbon chain in which two or more carbon-carbon double bonds are present - Up to 6 double bonds are found

polyunsaturated fatty acids

An unsaturated FA with its endmost double bond three carbon atoms away from its methyl end

OMEGA-3 FA

An unsaturated FA with its endmost double bond six carbon atoms away from its methyl end

OMEGA-6 FA

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FATTY ACIDS

water solubility, melting point

have slight solubility in water

short chain FA

insoluble in water

long chain FA

Carbon chain _____, melting point ______

lengthens, increases

solid in room temperature

Long chain saturated FA

liquid in a room temperature

Long chain unsaturated FA

- FOUND PRIMARILY IN ADIPOCYTES - Most abundant type of lipid present in the human body

triacylglycerol

____ is a compound produced from the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid

ester

fats

oils

___% coming from monounsaturated fats, ___% from polyunsaturated fats, less than ___% from saturated fats

15, 10, 10

BAD FATS

saturated fats

GOOD FATS

monounsaturated fats

both good and bad fats

polyunsaturated fats

MORE OMEGA 3 FA

COLD WATER FISH AKA FATTY FISH

LESSER OMEGA 3 FA

LEANER, WARM WATER FISH

- Must be obtained from dietary sources - Cannot be synthesized within the body

essential fatty acids

2 ESSENTIAL FA

Linoleic, Linolenic

- Starting material for the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid - Major starting material for eicosanoids - substances that help regulate blood pressure, clotting, and several important bodily functions

Linoleic

- Necessary for normal brain development - Active in the retina of the eye

Linoleic

Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin resulting to the reduction of inflammation and prevention of chronic diseases.

Linolenic

- Starting material for the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid

omega 6

Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin resulting to the reduction of inflammation and prevention of chronic diseases.

omega 3

hydrolysis

2 TYPES OF HYDROLYSIS

acid, base

Hydrolysis products are glycerol and FA

acid

Glycerol and fatty acid salts

Base

- HYDROLYSIS REACTION CARRIED OUT IN AN ALKALINE SOLUTION - For fats and oils, products are glycerol and fatty acid salts - Also used in soapmaking

saponification

INVOLVES HYDROGEN ADDITION ACROSS CARBON BONDS WHICH INCREASES THE DEGREE OF SATURATION AS SOME BONDS ARE CONVERTED TO SINGLE BONDS

hydrogenation

oxidation

trans fatty acid