98% of total dietary lipids are _____

TAG are _____ in water

Digestion occurs in the stomach Physical digestion - Breaks up into small globules - Resulting material is called _____

• Thick semi-liquid material made up of small TAG globules, partially digested food, gastric secretion - Gastric lipase • High fat foods stays longer in the stomach • High fat meal causes a person to feel full for a longer period of time

Fats in the stomach triggers the release of the hormone ________

ENABLES LIPIDS TO DELIVER OR TRANSPORTS

2 LIPASES

- Newly assembled TAG (from FA and monoacylglycerol in the intestines) are combined with membrane phospholipids and cholesterol and water soluble proteins - Transports TAG from intestinal cells via lymphatic system to bloodstream - ABSORPTION

AFTER HEAVY MEAL, - _______ concentration increases dramatically - Starts to rise 2 hrs after a meal - Peak in 4-6 hrs - Drops to normal level as chylomicrons move into adipose cells and liver

- Hydrolysis of TAG stored in the adipose tissue followed by release into the bloodstream of the FA and glycerol - TAG energy reserves are the human body's major source of stored energy - DIGESTED

Glycerol metabolism TAG mobilization produces ___ molecule of glycerol

Glycerol metabolism - After entering the bloodstream, glycerol travels to _____

GLYCEROL METABOLISM Converted to _______ o Then to ______ o Then ________ o Then CO2 or can be used to form ______

- Produced when the amount of acetyl CoA is excessive - Can serve as sources of energy in the heart, muscle and renal cortex - Brain derives energy from ______ in dieting situations

Metabolic pathway by which ketone bodies are synthesized from acetyl CoA

Primary site for ketogenesis is the _____

FIRST KETONE BODY, SECOND KETONE BODY, THIRD KETONE BODY

Acetone in the bloodstream, is a volatile substance that is mainly excreted by ______

Its ________ is detectable in the breath of diabetics

- Body condition in which high levels of ketone bodies are present in both blood and urine - _____ is often detectable by the smell of acetone on a person's breath

Fates of Fatty Acid Generated Acetyl CoA - Converted to ____ - Conversion to _______ - Can be stored in the form of _______ - Can be used as starting materials for the production of _____ other than FA • Cholesterol-precursor of bile salts, sex hormones, adrenal hormone