METHODS OF EXAMINING - HA

19問 • 1年前

問題一覧

- Visual examination of the patient done in a methodical and deliberate manner - Uses the naked eye, a lighted instrument (otoscope etc) - Smell - Auditory or hearing

INSPECTION

- Is the use of hand to touch - For the purpose of determining temperature, moisture, size, shape, position, texture, consistency, and movement. - Assess for moisture, color and texture of body surfaces - Shape, position, size, color and symmetry - There should be sufficient lighting - Quiet environment - Uses the sense of touch - Finger pads are used - Their concentration of nerve endings makes them highly sensitive to tactile discrimination

PALPATION

used to determine: - Texture - Temperature - Vibration - Position, size, consistency and mobility of organs or masses - Distention - Pulsation - Tenderness or pain

PALPATION

2 TYPES OF PALPATION - Place the hand with fingers together parallel to the skin surface or area being palpated, while moving the hand in circle. - light pressure is applied by placing the fingers together and depressing the skin and underlying structures about 1/2 inch (1 cm). - Use to check muscle tone and to assess for tenderness

LIGHT PALPATION

2 TYPES OF PALPATION - To identify abdominal organs and abdominal masses. - used with caution because pressure can damage internal organs. - The skin and underlying structures are depressed about 1 inch (2 cm). - To identify abdominal organs and abdominal masses. - Two - handed place the fingers of one hand on top of those of the other. - The top hand applies pressure while the lower hand remains relaxed to perceive the tactile sensation. - Not done with acute abdominal pain or undiagnosed pain - Done with 2 hands (bimanual palpation)

DEEP PALPATION

To test vibration - use the ____ surface of the hand

PALMAR

- The act of striking the body surface to elicit sounds that can be heard or vibrations that can be felt - 2 types Direct, Indirect

PERCUSSION

TYPES OF PERCUSSION - Percussion in which one hand is used and the striking finger (plexor) of the examiner touches the surface being percussed. Techniques: • Using sharp rapid movements from the wrist, strike the body surface to be percussed with the pads of two, three, or four fingers or with the pad of the middle finger alone. • Primarily used to assess sinuses in the adult. Percussion in which one hand is used and the striking finger (plexor) of the examiner touches the surface being percussed.

DIRECT PERCUSSION

TYPES OF PERCUSSION Ulnar surface of the hand or fist is used in place of the fingers to strike the body surface, either directly or indirectly.

BLUNT PERCUSSION

TYPES OF PERCUSSION - Percussion in which two hands are used plexor strikes the finger of the examiner’s other hand, which is in contact with the body surface being percussed (pleximeter). Techniques: • Strike at a right angle to the pleximeter using quick, sharp but relaxed wrist motion. • Withdraw the plexor immediately after the strike to avoid damping the vibration. • Strike each are twice and then move to a new area • Angle between the pleximeter and plexor should be 90° • Blows must be firm, rapid, and short

INDIRECT PERCUSSION

- Hollow sound. - Ex. normal lung.

RESONANCE

Booming sound. - Ex. Emphysematous lung

HYPERRESONANCE

musical or drum sound. - Ex. Stomach and intestines

TYMPANY

Thud sound - Ex. Enlarged spleen, full bladder, liver, heart

DULLNESS

extremely dull sound. - Ex. Muscle or bone

FLATNESS

______ is used to determine the size and shape of internal organs • Fluid filled, air filled, solid

PERCUSSION

- Listening to sounds produced inside the body - May be direct or indirect

AUSCULTATION

TYPES OF AUSCULTATION o Unaided ear o Wheeze, grating of a moving joint

DIRECT

TYPES OF AUSCULTATION o Stethoscope (listen sounds within the body) o Bowel sounds, valve sounds, blood pressure

INDIRECT

HCI

JHAYS · 5問 · 1年前

HCI