module 3 ( small ruminant)

37問 • 2年前

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defined as a group of animals raised to serve a certain purpose. A breed is a good guide in deciding the purpose of animals to be raised.

Type

refers to the distinct characteristic of an animal within a species which are transferred from one generation to generation.

Breed

Different Types of Goat

Meat type, Dairy type, Dual purpose type

intended for the production of chevon.

Meat type

intended for the production of milk.

Dairy type

Raised For Both Meat And Milk.

Dual purpose type

Dairy type

Saanen, Toggenburg, Alpine

Dual purpose type

Anglo-Nubians

Meat type

Boer

different kinds of goat

TOGGENBURG, ANGLO-NUBIAN, ALPINE, SAANEN, BOER, PHILIPPINE NATIVE GOAT, LA MANCHA

different kinds of sheep

BARBADOS BLACKBELLY, SHROPSHIRE, SUFFOLK, MERINO, PARIANGAN, PHILIPPINE SHEEP

BREEDING SYSTEMS

Upgrading or Grading up, Purebreeding (straight breeding), Crossbreeding, Inbreeding, Natural Mating, Artificial Insemination (Al)

The set of management practices that are used by producers to ensure the transmission of certain traits from parents to offspring; particularly those traits that producer desires to be inherited.

BREEDING SYSTEMS

The cheapest breeding system

Upgrading or Grading up

This is a mating of two animals belonging to different breeds. This is practiced to take advantage of heterosis or hybrid vigor and to elicit the desirable characteristics of parental breeds.

Crossbreeding

A purebred buck is mated with a pure bred doe of the same breed. This is practiced when a raiser wants to maintain primarily the purity of his stocks.

Purebreeding (straight breeding)

This system of crossbreeding involves a three-breed

Three Way Cross (TWC)

This is the mating of closely-related animals. It is used by animal breeders in the production of seed stock, and in the development of new lines or breeds.

Inbreeding

2 kinds Natural Mating

Hand Mating, Pasture mating

This permits the buck to run with the herd throughout the breeding season or throughout the year. Breeding naturally takes place in the area.

Pasture mating

This type of breeding involves the complete conf nement of the buck in a separate quarter; it is not allowed to be mixed with the rest of the herd.

Hand Mating

is a reproductive technology in which the semen is collected from bucks and then used in fresh or frozen form to breed does through artificial means.

Artificial Insemination (AI)

IMPORTANT ECONOMIC TRAITS OF FARM ANIMALS

Body type and conformation, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Reproductive effiency , Growth rate , Staple Length, Carcass quality characteristics, Milk yield, Birth weight, Fiber Diameter, Quality of wool, Fleece and skin, Weaning weight, Fleece weight, Clean Wool Yield

this is the ability of a particular breed to ef fiently convert feeds into meat.

Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)

It should be true to the characteristics of the breed chosen.

Body type and conformation

it is the capacity to make rapid gain, this varies among breeds 114 L

Growth rate

can be measured by fertility, prolificacy, fertility and survival

Reproductive effiency

The amount of milk harvested from a milking doe/ewes. The volume varies due to different factors which affect the animal such as body size, weight, parity, stage of lactation, udder size, litter size, nutrition, breed and kidding/ lambing season.

Milk yield

The ideal carcass has a minimum amount of bone, a maximum amount of muscle and an optimum amount of fat. A certain proportion of fat is desirable to reduce drying out of the carcass. On the other hand, too much fat is undesirable.

Carcass quality characteristics

The age at weaning can vary according to the conditions under which the animals are reared, but 120 days has been taken as the standard.

Weaning weight

is an important trait and is related to survival and growth performance of young animals.

Birth weight

a single sheep produce anywhere from 2-30 pounds of wool annually. It can be objectively measured are: fiber diameter, staple length, fleece weight and clean wool yield.

Quality of wool

these are of minor importance. Pink skin is supposed to be a sign of good health, quality and a god feeder. A long, clean, bright and dense f eece with a medium amount of crimp and pink skin is usually an acceptable type among most medium wool breeds.

Fleece and skin

is approximately three inches. Generally, is categorized into staple (≥ three inches) or clothing (< three inches).

Staple Length

the average thickness of the f bers measured in micron (um).

Fiber Diameter

Yield is expressed as a percent of usable fiber based on grease fleece weight.

Clean Wool Yield

expressed as grease fleece weight (pre-scouring) and clean fleece weight (post-scouring).

Fleece weight

Soil Tech Midterm 1

Mutated Lemon · 100問 · 2年前

Soil Tech Midterm 1