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M2

35問 • 1年前

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It is the growing of two or more crops simultaneously on the same field such that the period of overlap is long enough to include vegetative stage.

INTERCROPPING

is used to refer to either individual crops making up the intercropping situation.

Component Crop

is the one which is planted as its optimum sole crop population in an intercropping situation and second crop is planted in between rows of base crop for obtaining bonus yield from intercrop without affecting base crop yield.

Base Crop

is an agricultural method by which two crops are grown together in the same land in parallel rows.

Parallel cropping

Intercropping where the production of both intercrops is equal to that of its solid planting.

Companion cropping

is a process of cultivating more than two crops at once on the same plot of land with varying heights. The crops are grown simultaneously on a piece of land in a certain period, utilizing land, water, and space in the most effective and inexpensive ways possible1. A multi storey cropping system accommodates crops of different heights, canopy patterns and root system to maximize use of sunlight, nutrient, sustainable land use and maintain an ecological balance.

Multi Storey Cropping

is a farming technique where two crops are grown on a unit area at the same time and produce more as a whole than they would if they were grown separately on a unit area basis. The yields of both crops grown together are found to be higher than the yield of their pure crops on a unit area basis.

Synergetic cropping

growing of two or more crops simultaneously intermingled in the same plot with no distinct row arrangement.

Mixed cropping

an intercropping where at least one crop is planted in rows.

Row cropping

Other types of cropping pattern

strip cropping, sorjan cultivation , relay cropping , alley cropping

the growing of two or more crops simultaneously in separate plots arranged in strips that can be independently cultivated

Strip cropping

– system of crop cultivation in parallel beds and sinks wherein lowland crops are planted in the sinks and upland crops are grown in beds. Two successive upland crops can be grown in beds during the year and the rice crops in the sinks.

Sorjan cultivation

Growing of two or more crops together, but seedling or transplanting the succeeding one after flowering and before the harvest of the former crop.

Relay cropping

the system follows an alternate succession of the strips or hedgerow croppings of perennial crops established along the contour of the slope and an open space or alley which is devoted to annual agricultural crops.

Alley cropping

Types of alley cropping

unterraced slope, terraced slope

the hedgerows of trees are planted along the contour and the alleys devoted to agricultural crops that also follow the contours.

Unterraced slope

the hedgerows of trees are planted near the outer edges of terrace benches to serve as erosion control and windbreaks. Strips of agricultural crops are grown along the terrace benches.

Terraced slope

is the growing of different crops in a definite orderofsuccessiononthesame land.The cropsinrotationform a mutual and beneficial allopathicrelationship.

Crop rotation

FACTORS IMPACTING CROPPING SYSTEMS

Climate, Elevation , Soil, Land, Moisture

is the combination of trees, farm animals and crops in a limited space of land usually integration for better production.

Agroforestry

Roles of trees in an agroforestry system.

Protective, Productive

Criteria of agroforestry

intentional , intensive , integrated , interactive

Components of agroforestry

Land, Trees

General components which are managed by human beings in all agroforestry systems.

Agri-silviculture, Silvi-pastoral system

the growing of agricultural crops along with the forest crops. It means agricultural crops + forest crops (silviculture)

Agri-silviculture

a land management system in which forests are managed for the production of wood as well as for rearing of domesticated animals.

Silvi-pastoral systems

There are three attributes which all agroforestry systems possess, these are.

Productivity , Sustainability , Adaptability

Short-term crops + Long term crops

Agro-Forestry

Short-term investment+Longterm investment

Agroforestry

Limitations of agroforestry

environmental aspect, socio-economic aspect

Long Term Goal for Agroforestry:

Better production by maximizing the land without compromising the natural world

(CHIAT) Meaning

CONTOUR HEDGEROW INTERCROPPING AGROFORESTRY TECHNOLOGY

system in which dense hedgerows of fast growing perennial nitrogen-fixing tree or shrub species are planted along contour lines thus creating a living barrier that traps sediments and gradually transforms the sloping land to terraced land. The nitrogen-fixing hedgerows lining the terrace help improve soil fertility through nitrogen fixation at the roots and incorporation of the hedgerow trimmings into the soil.

SALT or sloping agricultural land technology

Steps in making salt

making an A frame, locate and mark the contour line, preparation of contour line, plant nitrogen fixing trees and shrubs , cultivate alternative strip, plant permanent crops, plant short and medium term crops, trim regularly nitrogen fixing trees and shrubs , practice crop rotation , build and maintain green terraces

CROPPING SYSTEM MANAGEMENT

Land preparation , Seedbed Preparation , Varieties , Sowing , Fertilizer Application , Water Requirement , Weed Management , Pests and Diseases

Soil Tech Midterm 1

Mutated Lemon · 100問 · 2年前

Soil Tech Midterm 1