OA Republic Act (RA 10068 - RA 11511)

88問 • 1年前

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refers to various businesses involved in organic food and non-food production, including farming and contract farming, inputs supply, farm machinery, wholesale and distribution, processing, marketing, and retail sales.

Agribusiness firm

is a parallel learning system to provide a viable alternative to the existing formal educational instruction. It encompasses both the non-formal and informal sources of knowledge and skills.

Alternative Learning System (ALS)

refer to products obtained from organic farming and processing methods.

Bio-organic products

refers to the use of microorganisms and their enzymes in processing biological matter.

Biological processing

is the procedure by which official certification bodies or officially recognized certification bodies provide written or equivalent assurance that foods or food control systems conform to requirements or standards of the NOAB.

Certification

refers to a body which is responsible for verifying that a product sold or labeled as "organic" is produced processed, prepared, handled and imported according to relevant guidelines.

Certification body

refers to a certification body's sign, symbol or seal that identifies product(s) as being certified according to the rules of a program operated by that certification body and approved by the accreditation authority.

Certification mark

refers to a change in climate that can be identifi by changes in the mean and/or variability of its properties

Climate Change

is a process of introducing a new agricultural and fishery technology either as product, process or service that has undergone the intensive innovative activities of assessment promotion and transfer for economic benefit.

Commercialization

refers to persons and families purchasing and receiving goods in order to meet their personal needs.

Consumer

refers to the time between the start of the organic management and certification of crops, animal husbandry or aquaculture products as organic.

Conversion period

means any material, production or processing practice that is not certified organic or organic "in-conversion".

Conventional

refers to all departments involved in the implementation of the NOAP.

Department

refers to a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.

Disaster

is the potential disaster losses in lives, health status, livelihood, assets and services, which could occur to a particular community or a society over some specified future time period.

Disaster Risk

is the systematic process of using administrative directives, organizations, and operational skills and capacities to implement strategies, policies and improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster. Prospective disaster risk reduction and management refers to risk reduction and management activities

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

refers to the organizations and other aggrupations that are involved in assisting their church outreach engagements and in addressing the religious, socio-economic and welfare needs of its constituency.

Faith-based organization

is defined as when the certification criteria and rules are set and monitored/enforced by the producer or company itself.

First party certification

is the systematic and deliberate process of hierarchically structured and sequential learning corresponding to the general concept of elementary, secondary and tertiary levels of schooling including education for those with special needs. At the end of each level, the learner needs a certification in order to enter or advance to the next grade/year level.

Formal Education

refers to the assurance that food will not cause harm to the consumer when it is prepared and/or eaten according to its intended use.

Food Safety

refers to organisms that possess a novel combination of genetic materials obtained through the use of modern bio-technology.

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

refers to the part of quality assurance which ensures that products are consistently produced and controlled to the quality standards appropriate for their intended use as required by registration and marketing authorization.

Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)

refers to ownership and control and, management of the food supply chain (i.e. from seeds/stocks up to its final products and by-products)

Food sovereignty

refers to a system which identifies, evaluates, and controls hazards which are significant for food safety.

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP)

refers to the examination of food or systems for control of food, raw materials, processing, and distribution includin in-process and finished product testing, in order to verify that they conform to the requirements. For organic food, inspection includes the examination of the production and processing system.

Inspection

refers to any written, printed or graphic matter that is present on the label, accompanies the food, or is displayed near the food including that for the purpose of promoting its sale or disposal.

Labeling

means any domestic and domesticated animal including bovine (buffalo and bison), ovine, porcine, caprine, equine, poultry and bees raised for food or in the production of food. The products of hunting or fishing of wild animals shall not be considered part of this definition.

Livestock

refers to growth that integrates positive impact on environment, minimizes if not eliminates green house gas emissions, taking into account long term sustainability.

Low carbon development path

is a lifelong process of learning by which every person acquires and accumulates knowledge, skill, attitudes and insights from daily experiences at home, at work, at play and from life itself.

Informal Education

refer to any business activity or enterprise engaged in industry, agribusiness and/ or services, whether single proprietorship, cooperative, partnership or corporation whose total assets, inclusive of those arising from loans but exclusive of the land on which the particular business entity's office, plant and equipment are situated,

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises

Micro: not more than P3,000,000, Small: P3,000.001 - P15,000,000, Medium: P15,000,001-P100,000,000

is any organized systematic educational activity carried outside the framework of the formal system to provide selected types of learning to a segment of the population.

Non-Formal Education

refers to any non-profit, voluntary citizens' group which is organized on a local, national or international level. It is a legally constituted organization created by natural or legal persons that operates independently from any government.

Non-Government Organization (NGO)

shall refer to the Organic Agriculture.

shall refer to the Organic Agriculture Act of 2010.

OAA

refers to the particular farming and processing systems, described in the standards and not in the classical chemical sense. It is synonymous in other languages to "biological" or "ecological". It is also a labeling term that denotes products considered organic based on the Philippine National Standards for organic agriculture.

Organic

includes all agricultural systems that promote the ecologically sound, socially acceptable, economically viable and technically feasible production of food and fibers. Organic agriculture dramatically reduces external inputs by refraining from the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and pharmaceuticals.

Organic agriculture

are organic materials necessary for organic agriculture production and processing such as seeds, plant protection and pest management products, compost and fertilizers, feeds, processing aids which are used to comply with the requirements of organic agriculture standards

Organic inputs

refers to an entity, whether local or foreign, that produces inputs acceptable for organic agriculture.

Organic input establishment

refers to an entity, whether local or foreign, that produces inputs compliant with the Philippine National Standards for Organic Agriculture

Organic input-producer

is a system designed to: (1) enhance biological diversity within the whole system; (2) increase soil biological activity; (3) maintain long-term soil fertility; (4) recycle wastes of plant and animal origin in order to return nutrients to the land, thus minimizing the use of nonrenewable resources; (5) rely on renewable resources in locally organized agricultural systems; (6) promote the healthy use of soil, water and air as well as minimize all forms of pollution thereto that may result from agricultural practices; 20 (7) develop and promote the use of biotechnology in agriculture; (8) handle agricultural products with emphasis on careful processing methods in order to maintain the organic integrity and vital qualities of the product at all stages; and (9) become established on any existing farm through a period of conversion, the appropriate length of which is determined by site-specific factors such as the history of the land, and type of crops and livestock to be produced.

Organic production system

are community-based, mass membership organizations, that are either Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), or any Government Agency empowered by law c policy to register and/or accredit POs and other similar aggrupations, registered or existing but not registered, with a set of by-laws adopted through a membership assembly and duly elected officials. POs are either sectoral or multi-sectoral alliance pursuing a common goal and established to secure benefits for their membership and articulate aims and objectives in the general development discourse.

People's Organization (POs)

as referred to in the law shall mean botanical or biological plant protection products which are substances intended as disinfectant and/or for preventing, destroying, attracting, repelling, or controlling any pest or disease including unwanted species of plants or animals during the production, storage, transport, distribution and processing of food, agricultural commodities or animal feeds; provided that these do not refer to synthetic petrol based pesticides

Pesticides

key actor in the realm of the economy where the central social concern and process is the mutually beneficial production and distribution of goods and services to meet the physical needs of human beings. The private sector comprises of private corporations, enterprises, individual businesses, among others.

Private/business sector

means any substance or material, not including apparatus or utensils, and not consumed as a food ingredient by itself, intentionally used in the processing of raw materials, foods or its ingredients, to fulfill a certain technological purpose during treatment or processing and which may result in the non-intentional but unavoidable presence of residues or derivatives in the final product.

Processing Aid

is the ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions.

Resiliency

is the combination of the probability of an event and its negative consequences.

Risk

is defined as when the certification criteria and rules are set by buyers or industry organizations.

Second party certification

refers to natural persons dependent on small-scale subsistence farming and fishing activities as their primary source of income and/or whose sale, barter or exchange of agricultural products do not exceed a gross value of One Hundred Eighty Thousand pesos (PhP 180,000.00) per annum based on 1992 constant prices; Provided, that the small farmer holds and cultivates not more than 3 hectares of agricultural land.

Small farmer

is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It contains within it two (2) key concepts: (1) the concept of "needs," in particular, the essential needs of the world's poor, to which overriding priority should be given; and (2) the idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social organizations on the environment's ability to meet present and future needs. It is the harmonious integration of a sound and viable economy, responsible governance, social cohesion and harmony, and ecological integrity to ensure that human development now and through future generations is a life-enhancing process.

Sustainable development

is defined as when a firm requires that its suppliers meet a certain standard and requests an independent organization that is not involved in the business relationship to control the compliance of the suppliers.

Third party certification or independent certification

is defined as the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard. It may arise from various physical, social, economic, and environmental factors such as poor design and construction of buildings, inadequate protection of assets, lack of public information and awareness, limited official recognition of risks and preparedness measures, and disregard fo wise environmental management.

Vulnerabilities

are those that face higher exposure to disaster risk and poverty including, but not limited to, women, youth, children, elderly, differently-abled people, and indigenous/ethnic minorities.

Vulnerable stakeholders

is the procedure by which a government agency having jurisdiction formally recognizes the competence of an OCB to provide inspection and certification services. This shall be solely and exclusively exercised by the designated agency or agencies in this Act, pursuant to the mandates stated herein.

Accreditation

is the examination of farms, food and non-food products, food control systems, raw materials, processing, distribution and retailing, including in-process and finished product testing, in order to verify that they conform to the requirements for being organic. Inspection includes the examination of the production and processing systems.

Inspection

refer to organisms and their associated metabolites as well as naturally occurring substances that control pests and diseases. These are classified as botanicals, macrobials, microbials, and semiochemicals.

Organic bio-control agents

refers to a legal entity accredited by a government agency to perform inspection and certification activities. It is responsible for verifying that a product sold or labeled as "organic" is produced, processed, prepared, or handled according to relevant guidelines.

Organic Certifying Body (OCB)

refer to all the products within the scope of the Philippine national standard, i.e, organic fertilizers, compost/soil conditioner, microbial inoculants, and organic plant supplements that are added to the soil to improve its physical properties.

Organic soil amendments

refers to a locally-focused quality assurance system which is developed and practiced by people actually engaged in organic agriculture. It is built on a foundation of trust, social network and knowledge exchange. It is used to certify producers and farmers as actual and active practitioners of organic agriculture.

Participatory Guarantee System (PGS)

refers to a legal association or cooperative of registered farmer members and other stakeholders in a participatory guarantee system.

PGS group

refers to the basic grouping unit in the PGS.

Core PGS group

refers to a documentary proof that a core PGS group is compliant with the requirements, standards and norms of organic farming/agriculture. It shall be issued by a government agency or by an authorized OCB, after the conduct of an investigation and certification activity on the application for certification by the core PGS group. It shall have a validity of three (3) years.

Participatory Organic Certificate

refers to those utilizing not more than five (5) hectares of land for the single purpose of, or a combination of the following purposes for, agricultural crop production, including rice and corn, aquaculture, and poultry/ livestock raising:

Small farmer/fisherfolk

Small farmer/fisherfolk should only have?

Poultry 1,000 poultry layers or 5,000 broilers, Swine/native pigs 10 sow level or 20 fatteners, Cattle 10 fatteners or 5 breeders, Dairy 10 milking cows, Goat, sheep and other small ruminants 50 heads

refers to agriculture- related activities that put farmers, processors, distributors and consumers within a system that produces, processes, transports, markets and distributes organic agricultural products."

Organic value chain

refers to an entity, whether local or foreign. that produces fresh or processed organic food.

Organic food establishment

is the expression of dissatisfaction, other than appeal, by any individual or organization to accredited OCBs, relating to the activities of that body or a certified entity, where a response is expected.

Complaint

refers to the market reach of a PGS guaranteed organic produce and product, wherein the producer may directly link with consumers or indirectly through an intermediary. PGS groups are locally relevant and shall promote food self-sufficiency within the community.

Domestic market

refers to a situation/state where all people have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their food preferences and dietary needs for an active and healthy life.

Food security

means the ability to meet consumption needs, particularly for staple food crops, from own production rather than by buying or importing.

Food self-sufficiency

refers to a group of people or homogenous societies identified by self-ascription and ascription by others, who have continuously lived as an organized community on communally bounded and defined territory, and who have, under claims of ownership since time immemorial, occupied, possessed and utilized such territories, sharing common bonds of language, customs, traditions and other distinctive cultural traits, or who have, through resistance to political, social and cultural inroads of colonization, non-indigenous religions and culture, became historically differentiated from the majority of Filipinos.

Indigenous peoples (IP)

refer to practitioners of the indigenous organic farming practices regardless of ascription/affiliation/aggrupation to Indigenous Cultural Communities

Indigenous organic farmers

refers to a system of traditional farming methods and techniques without intervention from entities outside their community that are being practiced by the indigenous people.

Indigenous organic farming practice

refers to a production system practicing a combination of any two or more scopes defined in the applicable current Philippine National Standards for organic agriculture (crop production, animal production, inputs, beekeeping, special products, processed products, and aquaculture).

Integrated organic farm

refers to the accreditation provided by the Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards (DA-BAFS) to qualified OCBS.

Official Accreditation

refers to certified organic areas which practice a holistic production management system involving the promotion and enhancement of the agro-ecosystem health, including biodiversity, biological cycles, and soil biological activity, these are areas that emphasizes the use of management practices over the use of off-farm inputs; and utilizes cultural. biological, and mechanical methods as opposed to synthetic materials.

Organic Agriculture Areas

refer to agriculture and fishery products that are not used directly for food consumption such as feeds, fiber, tea bags.

Organic non-food products

refers to an individual or a business enterprise that is responsible for the production, processing, manufacturing, distribution, wholesale, retail, trade, importation of organic agriculture products meets, and continues to meet, the applicable current PNS for OA and regulatory requirements, on which the certification is based.

Organic operator

refers to stakeholders practicing organic agriculture in accordance with the applicable current PNS for OA.

Organic agriculture practitioner

refers to processed food produced according to applicable current PNS for OA. made up in advance in a container, labeled and ready for sale to the consumer, or for catering purposes, or for further processing, or for institutional use only compliant with current regulations issued by the Department of Health Food and Drug Administration (DOH-FDA).

Organic pre-packaged food

refers to any agricultural produce that is produced according to applicable current PNS for OA or gathered from nature, and/or handled with post- harvest management.

Organic produce

refers to a product that has been processed, pre-packaged, and handled in compliance with applicable current PNS for OA.

Organic product

refers to a key factor in the realm of the economy where the central social concern and process is the mutually beneficial production and distribution of goods and services to meet the physical needs of human beings. The private sector comprises private corporations, enterprises, individual businesses, among others.

Private/business sector

means any substance or material, not including apparatus or utensils, and not consumed as a food ingredient by itself, intentionally used in the processing of raw materials, foods or its ingredients, to fulfill a certain technological purpose during treatment or processing and which may result in the non- intentional but unavoidable presence of residues or derivatives in the final product.

Processing Aid

refers to the list of core PGS groups operating within its area of jurisdiction, accredited by DA-BAFS. This shall include certified 80 individual farms as core PGS groups and accredited PGS groups.

Registry of Core PGS groups

refers to an entity principally engaged in the sale of commodities or goods for consumption to the general public; it includes those that are classified as formal and informal establishments including online merchants.

Retail establishment

refers to a system of agricultural farming methods and techniques that allow farmers and fisherfolks to meet production demand without compromising the natural availability of resources.

Sustainable practice

refers to an independent legal entity not engaged in organic production accredited by DA- BAFS to perform inspection and certification of organic management systems.

Third-party OCB

Soil Tech Midterm 1

Mutated Lemon · 100問 · 2年前

Soil Tech Midterm 1