Farma final ets

100問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Hyperglycemia after Terbutaline is caused by: 1) Increased release of insulin 2) Increased glycogenolysis in the liver 3) Increased release of glucagon 4) Decreased release of glucagon 5) Decreased release of insulin

2, 3, 5

Typical for Salmeterol: 1) Used primarily as bronchodilator 2) Acts as a nasal decongestant 3) Indicated for the treatment of orthostatic hypotension 4) May cause tachycardia and tremor 5) Used in ophthalmic solutions for mydriasis

1, 4

Causes vasodilation: 1) Ephedrine 2) Phentolamine 3) Oxymetazoline 4) Prazosin 5) Phenylephrine

2, 4

A drug that increases heart rate and cardiac output:

Dobutamine

Write out a prescription for 10 powders containing 0,05 Diphenhydramine (1 powder 2 times a day):

Rp.: Diphenhydramine 0,05 Sacchari 0,3 M.f.pulvis D.t.d.№ 10 S. 1 powder 2 times a day. #

Write out a prescription for 50,0 paste containing 20% Resorcine:

Rp.: Resorcini 10,0 Amyli 5,0 Vaselini ad 50,0 M.f.pasta D.S. Rub into damaged skin. #

Write out a prescription for 5 ampoules of a 1% solution of Omnopon, containing 1 ml in each ampoule (for severe pain, inject 1 ml subcutaneously):

Rp.: Solutionis Omnoponi 1%-1ml D.t.d.№ 5 in ampullis S. In case of severe pain, inject 1 ml under the skin. #

The patient was prescribed 5 ml of a 20% solution of Sulfacyl for instillation into the sore eye, 2 drops for 10 days, 2 times a day. Determine the single dose of Sulfacyl (in grams):

0,02

Write out a prescription for 10 powders containing 0,3 Buckthorn bark (corticis Frangula) and 0,3 Magnesium oxide. Administer 1 powder in the evening.

Rp.: Pulveris corticis Frangulae Magnesii oxydi aa 0,3 M. f. pulvis D.t.d № 10 S. 1 powder in the evening. #

Determine the sequence of writing the prescription in the full version for emulsions: 1) Oleum Amygdalarum 2) D.S. 3) M. f. emulsum 4) Aqua destillata 5) Gelatosa

1, 5, 4, 3, 2

Write out a prescription for 10 ampoules of 0,1% Sinestrol oil solution contained in ampoules of 1 ml each. Inject into the muscle 1 ml 1 time per day.

Rp.: Sol. Synoestroli oleosae 0,1%-1ml D.t.d.№ 10 in ampullis S. Inject into the muscle 1 ml 1 time per day. #

Determine the correct prescription for 20 vials of Kanamycin sulfate 500 000 IU in powder form:

Rp.: Kanamycini sulfatis 500 000 IU D.t.d. N 20 S. Dissolve in 2 ml of water for injection and inject intramuscularly. #

The patient was prescribed 10 ml of a 5% solution of the drug for intramuscular injection, 1 ml 2 times a day. Determine single (I) and daily (II) doses of the drug (in grams).

I-0,05; II-0,1

Determine the amount of solution administered to the patient 1 time, if a single dose of the drug is 10 mg, and the ratio is 1:100 in 50 ml.

1 ml

Determine a single dose of the drug (in grams); if the patient should drip 2 drops of a 5% solution of eye drops into the sore eye. The total amount of solution – 20 ml.

0,005

The patient was prescribed a solution in a ratio of 1:200 to take 10 drops orally 4 times a day for 10 days. Determine single (I) and daily (II) doses of the drug (in grams).

l-0,0025; II-0,01

The patient was prescribed a 5% emulsion to take 1 teaspoon 3 times a day for 2 weeks. Determine single (I) and daily (II) doses of the drug (in grams).

I-0,25; II-0,75

Metabolic biotransformation of drugs includes: 1) Oxidation, reduction 2) Hydrolysis, oxidation 3) Acetylation, glucuronidation 4) Methylation, recovery 5) Reduction, acetylation

1, 2

Drug conjugation reactions include: 1) Glucuronidation, sulfation 2) Hydrolysis, methylation 3) Oxidation, reduction 4) Acetylation, sulfation 5) Methylation, hydrolysis

1, 4

Does not apply to the pharmacokinetics of drugs:

Effects on receptors

The drug used for poisoning with organophosphorus compounds:

Pralidoxime

Determine the conformity between the antidote and the drug: I. Atropine sulfate II. Echothiophate III. Clorazepate 1) Flumazenil 2) Pralidoxime 3) Physostigmine

I-3; II-2; III-1

Pharmacokinetic tolerance is characterized by:

Enzyme system induction

A drug that improves urine flow from the bladder:

Tamsulosin

The total clearance is calculated by the formula:

CLtotal = CLhepatic + CLrenal + CLpulmonary + CLother

Agonist is:

Drug activates receptor protein that result in a specific intracellular response

Types of agonists: 1) Competitive 2) Full 3) Inverse 4) Irreversible 5) Functional

2, 3

Before elimination, the drug goes through several processes in the kidneys:

Glomerular filtration, active tubular secretion, passive tubular reabsorption

Part of pharmacology that studies the mechanisms of action of drugs, their localization and pharmacological effect:

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacokinetics does not study:

Interaction with specific receptors

Clearance:

Estimates the volume of blood from which the drug is cleared per unit of time

Half-life" of the drug:

Time it takes to reduce the plasma drug concentration by 50%

Determine the conformity: I. Inducers of microsomal enzymes II. Inhibitors of microsomal enzymes 1) Ketoconazole 2) Rifampin 3) Carbamazepine

I-2, 3; II-1

Determine the conformity: I. Inducers of microsomal enzymes II. Inhibitors of microsomal enzymes 1) Omeprazole 2) Phenytoin 3) Dexamethasone

I-2, 3; II-1

In case of poisoning with organophosphates, the following is used:

Pralidoxime

Determine the conformity: I. Inducers of microsomal enzymes II. Inhibitors of microsomal enzymes 1) Ketoconazole 2) Phenobarbital 3) Erythromycin

I-2; II-1, 3

The reason for the occurrence of "withdrawal syndrome":

Drug dependence

Types of drug clearance: 1) Total 2) Pharmacodynamics 3) Cumulative 4) Renal 5) Hepatic

1, 4, 5

Conjugation reactions include:

Glucuronidation, acetylation

Section of pharmacology that studies the processes of absorption, distribution, biotransformation and elimination of the drugs:

Pharmacokinetics

Cases of tachyphylaxis:

Phosphorylation of the receptors that renders receptors unresponsive to the agonist

Incorrect statement about intravenous delivery:

Requires absorption

The resorbtive rout of drug administration does not include:

Intra-articular insertion

For Nicotine is not typical:

It is highly soluble in water and poorly penetrates the blood-brain barrier

For Atropine is not typical:

Causes constriction of the pupil

For Scopolamine is not typical:

Bronchoconstrict action

For Procaine is not typical: 1) Long duration 2) High potency 3) Metabolized by plasma cholinesterase 4) Low systemic toxicity 5) Is a PABA derivative

1, 2

For Lidocaine is not typical:

High potency

An anesthetic that causes personality degradation:

Cocaine

Action mechanism of local anesthetics:

Blocks Na+-channels

For Edrophonium is typical:

Used in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

The mechanism of action of Physostigmine:

Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase

Identify M-cholinomimetic (1) and M-cholinoblocker (2): 1 2

Pilocarpine Scopolamine

Identify anticholinesterase agent (1) and a curare agent (2): 1 2

Physostigmine Pancuronium

Identify M-cholinoblocker (1) and anticholinesterase agent (2): 1 2

Ipratropium Neostigmine

Identify M-cholinoblocker (1) and curare agent (2): 1 2

Scopolamine Mivacurium

Determine the conformity: I. Pharmacodynamics II. Pharmacokinetic 1) Reducing the density of receptors 2) Weakening of the synthesis of receptor proteins 3) Enzyme system induction 4) Increasing the rate of elimination I II

1, 2 3, 4

Epinephrine eliminates histamine-induced bronchoconstriction. Type of antagonism:

Functional

The principle of action of antidotes:

Antagonism

Drug used for poisoning with Edrophonium:

Atropine

Correct statement about antagonism:

May occur by blocking the drug's ability to bind to the receptor

Incorrect statement about sublingual rout of administration:

Low gastric pH inactivates drugs

Determine the conformity: I. Lidocaine II. Procaine 1) Poorly soluble in water 2) Representative of esters 3) Used as an antiarrhythmic agent 4) Plant origin 5) Representative of amides 6) Hydrolysis by plasma cholinesterase I II

3, 5 2,6

Anticholinesterases include: 1) Pyridostigmine 2) Ipratropium 3) Tacrine 4) Tropicamide 5) Donepezil

1, 3, 5

Side effects of anticholinesterase drugs do not include: 1) Bradycardia 2) Tachycardia 3) Contraction of GI smooth muscles 4) Relaxation of GI smooth muscles 5) Hyposalivation 6) Hypersalivation

2, 4, 5

Side effects of sympathomimetics do not include: 1) Bradycardia 2) Tachycardia 3) Hypoglycemia 4) Hyperglycemia 5) Hypotension 6) Hypertension

1, 3, 5

Anticholinesterase agents in a therapeutic dose: 1) Weaken the work of the heart 2) Strengthen the work of the heart 3) Increase the speed of conduction system of the heart 4) Reduce the speed of conduction system of the heart 5) Increase blood pressure

1, 4

Neurochemical effects of Nicotine: 1) Increase dopamine 2) Decrease serotonin 3) Cause appetite suppression 4) Reduction acetylcholine

1, 3

Therapeutic uses of Atropine: 1) Used as treatments for Alzheimer disease 2) To treat spastic disorders of the GI tract 3) To treat organophosphate poisoning 4) Smoking cessation 5) Used in treatment of myasthenia gravis

2, 3

Cocaine, unlike to Mepivacaine: 1) Representative of esters 2) Representative of amides 3) Plant origin substance 4) Applicable for epidural anesthesia 5) Coadministered with epinephrine

1, 3

Determine the conformity: I. Bupivacaine II. Benzocaine 1) Representative of amides 2) Very rare allergic reactions 3) Para-aminobenzoic acid derivative 4) Representative of esters I II

1, 2 3, 4

Benzocaine, unlike Lidocaine:

Representative of esters

Determine the conformity: I. Physostigmine II. Atropine 1) Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase 2) Blockade of cholinergic receptors 3) Inhibition of cardiac activity 4) Inhibition of intestinal peristalsis I II

1, 3 2, 4

Determine the conformity: I. Procaine II. Lidocaine 1) Representative of esters 2) Intermediate duration 3) Short duration 4) Representative of amides 5) Rare leads to allergy 6) PABA derivative I II

1, 3, 6 2, 4, 5

For Lidocaine is not typical:

Plasma metabolism by cholinesterase

Not an effect of Physostigmine:

Xerostomia

Determine the conformity: I. α-agonist II. α-blockers 1) Phentolamine 2) Clonidine 3) Metoprolol 4) Terbutaline 5) Midodrine 6) Prazosin I II

2, 5 1, 6

Determine the conformity: I. β-agonists II. β-blockers 1) Albuterol 2) Metoprolol 3) Phentolamine 4) Dobutamine 5) Prazosin 6) Propranolol I II

1, 4 2, 6

Reversible anticholinesterase agents: 1) Tropicamide 2) Galantamine 3) Edrophonium 4) Physostigmine 5) Echothiophate 6) Pralidoxime

2, 3, 4

Determine the conformity: I. Prazosin II. Oxymetazoline 1) May cause modest improvement in lipid profiles 2) Applied topically for rhinitis 3) Reduces the tone of arterial vessels 4) Produces vasoconstrictive effect 5) Removes redness of the eyes I II

1, 3 2, 4, 5

Determine the conformity: I. Phenylephrine II. Salmeterol 1) Cases vasoconstriction 2) Cases bronchodilation 3) Cases uterine relaxation 4) Cases mydriasis I II

1, 4 2, 3

Incorrect statement:

Phenylephrine has a hypotensive effect

Correct statement Ephedrine:

Raises systolic and diastolic blood pressures

Difference of Physostigmine from Pilocarpine: 1) Facilitates neuromuscular transmission 2) Anticholinesterase drug 3) Used for atony of the stomach and intestines 4) Prescribed for glaucoma 5) Used for constipation

1, 2

Similarities of Physostigmine and Pilocarpine: 1) Used for glaucoma 2) Improves neuromuscular transmission 3) Stimulates M-cholinergic receptors 4) Used for myasthenia gravis 5) Causes hypersalivation

1, 3, 5

Side effect characteristic of Scopolamine:

Constipation

Difference between anticholinesterase drugs and M-cholinomimetics: 1) Stimulation of N-cholinergic receptors 2) Stimulation of M-cholinergic receptors 3) Application for myasthenia gravis 4) Application in glaucoma 5) Application for atony of the stomach and intestines

1, 3

β-Adrenoblockers: 1) Isoproterenol 2) Salmeterol 3) Dobutamine 4) Propranolol 5) Metoprolol

4, 5

α,β-Adrenergic blocker:

Labetalol

Determine the conformity: I. Irreversible anticholinesterase agent II. Reversible anticholinesterase agent 1) Echothiophate 2) Donepezil 3) Physostigmine 4) Galantamine 5) Carbachol I II

1 2, 3, 4

Determine the conformity: I. M-cholinoblockers II. Anticholinesterases 1) Scopolamine 2) Pilocarpine 3) Edrophonium 4) Atropine 5) Physostigmine I II

1, 4 3, 5

The difference between Echothiophate and Physostigmine:

Irreversible anticholinesterase agent

Atropine, unlike Neostigmine:

Reduces the exocrine secretion

Physostigmine is characterized by: 1) Used for angle-closure glaucoma 2) Produces bronchodilator effect 3) Weakens intestinal motility 4) Causes tachycardia 5) Effective in atropine poisoning

1, 5

Scopolamine is characterized by: 1) Bronchodilator action 2) Tertiary ammonium compound 3) Effective in myasthenia gravis 4) Used for motion sickness 5) Used for glaucoma

1, 2, 4

Drugs used in Echothiophate poisoning:

Pralidoxime + Atropine

For Lidocaine is not typical:

Metabolized by plasma cholinesterase

Reactivation of acetylcholinesterase:

Pralidoxime

A drug that reduces the secretion of exocrine glands:

Atropine

100

Memantine is characterized by: 1) Is plant origin 2) Used for Alzheimer disease 3) Used for bronchial asthma 4) Is an NMDA receptor antagonist 5) Selective agonist of M-cholinergic receptors

2, 4

Dr.Fatimə Hüseynova Alman Dili sualları 1-50

samnet net · 50問 · 2年前

Dr.Fatimə Hüseynova Alman Dili sualları 1-50