Module 4

100問 • 1年前

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通報

問題一覧

This Biopharmaceutics Classification System indicates that the drug has high solubility and high permeability.

Class I

In which situation will the drug be more absorbed: I. Highly Ionized II. Less Ionized III. Highly Polar IV. Less Polar

II, IV

Which of the following will enhance the excretion of an alkaline poison in the urine?

Urinary acidifier

Which of the following statements is/are true? I. Weakly acidic drugs in alkaline media will be in its ionized form resulting to a decreased in absorption. II. Weakly basic in alkaline media will be in its unionized form resulting to a decreased in absorption. III. Weakly acidic drugs in alkaline media will be in non-polar form which cannot be reabsorbed easily.

Drug metabolism happens to convert the drug that is: I. more polar II. more non polar III. more lipid-soluble IV. more water-soluble

I & IV

What is the MOST important organ for the absorption of orally administered drugs?

Small Intestine

First order half-life equation:

0.693/k

What is the order of reaction in which the concentration of a drug is decreasing at a rate that is proportional to the concentration of the drug remaining

First

Which of the following drugs does not need to be subjected to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) I. Nifedipine II. Gentamicin III. Carbamazepine IV. Ibuprofen

I, IV

A drug with wide therapeutic index means that the

Drug is safe

Two drugs that act on the same tissue through independent receptors resulting to opposite effects.

Physiologic Antagonism

In an experiment, Drug A, a beta- receptor ligand caused an increased heart rate of an isolated perfused animal heart. In the presence of a very effective beta-stimulant, drug A caused a dose- dependent, reversible decrease in heart rate. Which of the following would best describe drug A? A. B.

Partial Agonist

Alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein binds with I. Acidic Drugs II. Cationic Drugs III. Basic Drugs IV. Anionic Drugs

II, III

Which of the following factors can contribute to a longer duration of a drug? I. Decreased protein binding II. Greater tubular reabsorption III. Reduced polarity

II and III

Which of the following would be the implication if the drug has an increased clearance in a patient?

Higher dose is needed to achieve the target concentration.

It refers to the maximum drug concentration in the plasma:

Cmax

Admitted patient has been taking a brand of digoxin tablets 250mcg that are 60% bioavailable. The doctor wishes to administer a comparable IV dose using an injection containing digoxin, 0.5 mg/2mL. What is the equivalent dose?

0.6 mL

How much of a 300mg dose is bioavailable if the administered drug has an absolute bioavailability of 0.60?

180mg

What is the route of administration of drugs injected to the spinal cord?

Intrathecal

Which of the following refers to a drug tolerance that developed quickly?

Tachyphylaxis

Drug X does not have antibacterial properties. When Drug X is given with Drug Y, Drug X increased the antibacterial property of Drug Y. This is an example of:

Potentiation

This is the one that affects the pharmacologic action of another drug:

Precipitant Drug

Simultaneous intake of a drug and ingestion of grapefruit can prolong the stay of the drug inside the body. Which of the following describes grapefruit?

Interactant

The primary receptor subtypes stimulated by Histamine are the following: I. Histamine I II. Histamine II III. NMDA receptor

I, II

Which of the following drugs acts as 5HT-ANTAGONIST.

Ondansetron

The following are classified as eicosanoids except: I. Histamine II. Prostaglandins III. Leukotrienes

The following are autacoids except:

Epinephrine

Amiodarone is used as an

Anti-arrhythmic drug

Identify the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that finds clinical application in the treatment of glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure:

Acetazolamide

Which does not belong to the group

Captopril

Which of the following drugs can be used as antiarrhythmic and antimalarial?

Quinidine

Increased intracranial pressure and intracranial edema brought about by accidents and trauma to the head can be managed by administration of which of the following?

Mannitol

DOC for acute VT

Adenosine

Which of the following drugs is a topoisomerase I inhibitor?

Irinotecan

Which of the following is classified as mitotic inhibitor

Vincristine

Chemotherapeutic drug derived from the periwinkle plant

Vinblastine

What is the mechanism of sulfonamides?

Inhibition of folic acid synthesis

Which of the following drugs are indicated to treat cancer?

Capecitabine

Which of the following drugs is known to cause chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity?

Methotrexate

Neuromuscular Blockers act mainly on this receptors

Nicotinic Receptors

Constriction of the arterioles is due to the stimulation of what receptor?

alpha-1

Clonidine acts selectively on what type of receptor?

alpha-2

Which of the following beta-2 agonist are short-acting agents? I. Albuterol II. Salmeterol III. Terbutaline IV. Formoterol

I, III

Mr. Green’s current blood pressure is 150/80 mmHg. Which of the following drugs will have least effect on Mr. Green’s blood pressure?

Albuterol

These drugs have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity EXCEPT:

Timolol

Which of the following beta blockers has/have been useful in chronic heart failure management?

AOTA

Which of the following drugs are most likely to produce a “First-dose phenomenon?”

Prazosin

The following are effects of Atropine except:

Dryness of the mouth

Which of the following agent is used for management of motion sickness?

Scopolamine

Which of the following is used in the DIAGNOSTIC test for myasthenia gravis?

Edrophonium

ODD ONE OUT:

Muscarine

Used in the management of malignant hyperthermia associated with Succinylcholine toxicity:

Dantrolene

What does ADHD stands for?

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Which of the following are inhaled anesthetics? I. Ketamine II. Propofol III. Thiopental IV. Sevoflurane

IV only

Which of the following anesthetic is associated with a dissociative state characterized by catatonia, amnesia, and analgesia with or without actual loss of consciousness?

Ketamine

Which of the following drug combinations provide a state called “neuroleptanesthesia”?

Nitrous oxide + Droperidol + Fentanyl

Imipramine has been found to be useful in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis (bed wetting). This effect is due to?

Anticholinergic effect

Which of the following are true? I. Cholinergic agonist increases peristalsis. II. Cholinergic agonist decreases peristalsis. III. Adrenergic agonist increases peristalsis. IV. Adrenergic agonist decreases peristalsis.

I and IV

Which of the following is the drug of choice for absence seizure?

Ethosuximide

All of the following are under muscle relaxant classification except:

Pregabalin

Most of the drugs used in Alzheimer’s disease are designed to produce ____ effects.

Cholinergic

Which element is used in the treatment of bipolar disorder?

Lithium

Which of the following group of drugs are known to cause extrapyramidal symptoms?

Anti-psychotics

Fluoxetine is a/an

SSRI

This drug is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA):

Imipramine

The most common adverse effects of this drug are dose-dependent visual disturbances, including decreased visual acuity, red-green color blindness and optic neuritis.

Ethambutol

Mechanism of action of Ethambutol

Inhibits arabinosyltransferases involved in the synthesis of arabinogalactan

The following statements are true regarding insulin except: I. It is secreted by pancreatic beta-cells. II. Facilitates glucose and amino acid transport for normal cellular metabolic processes. III. Storage form is monomer.

III

The only insulin that can be given via IV route:

Regular Insulin

Which of the following oral hypoglycemic drug is associated with lactic acidosis?

Metformin

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are drugs that are used to treat:

Type 2 Diabetes

Which of the following drugs promotes the release of endogenous insulin:

Glipizide

Which of the following is a synthetic analog of the human amylin that reduces postprandial glucagon secretion?

Pramlintide

This type of diabetic condition does not produce insulin thus primary treatment is exogenous insulin

IDDM

Type of Diabetes with absolute absence of insulin:

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Which of the following is a selective estrogen receptor modulator used in the management of osteoporosis?

Raloxifene

All of the following are used in management of osteoporosis except: I. Alendronate III.Raloxifene II. Denosumab IV. Sevelamer

IV only

Which of the following are inhaled corticosteroids? I. Fluticasone II. Budesonide III. Dexamethasone IV. Prednisone

I & II

Which of the following would inhibit the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- coenzyme A reductase?

Atorvastatin

Which of the following statements best describe Niacin?

Has an adverse reaction of cutaneous vasodilation which results to flushing

Which is the mechanism of action of aspirin in exerting its analgesic and anti- inflammatory effect?

irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme.

Aspirin chemically is a/an:

Salicylate derivative

Which of the following NSAIDS have the SHORTEST half-life?

Ibuprofen

Which of the following is not an effect of NSAID?

Increased platelet aggregation

First-line drug used in management of RA:

Methotrexate

This adverse effect was the reason of the withdrawal from the market of Rofecoxib:

Increased cardiovascular events

Which is an antitussive drug?

Dextrometorphan

This agent can cause Churg-Strauss Syndrome:

Montelukast

Which among these drugs is classified as bulk-forming laxative?

Psyllium

A Polyene antibiotic:

Amphotericin B

Patient X was rushed to the hospital. The doctor said that the patient took a fatal dose of acetaminophen. What would likely be the drug that the doctor will order to manage the situation of the patient?

Fluimucil

Benzodiazepine toxicity is managed with:

Flumazenil

This drug is used in patients with chronic alcoholism. It works by blocking the enzyme ALDEHYDE dehydrogenase:

Disulfiram

Ethanol may be used to manage poisoning due to

Methanol

Which of the following explains the mechanism of toxicity of paraquat and diquat?

Inhibition of superoxide dismutase

Which of the following is depleted when there is paracetamol overdose that causes its toxicity?

Glutathione

In the management of the patient, which would be the following reason why activated charcoal was given?

Prevents further absorption of paracetamol.

Wilson’s disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by failure to export which of the following metal?

Copper

Calculate the Sodium content of D5W

100

Identify the use of Potassium Diformate in Veterinary Medicine

Strong antimicrobial

Module 2 Part 1

Module 2 Part 1

Module 1

Module 1

Module 2

Module 2

Antibiotics

Antibiotics

Module 2 (Part 2)

Module 2 (Part 2)

Module 2 Part 2

Module 2 Part 2

Module 2 Part 3

Module 2 Part 3

Module 4

Module 4

Module 4 Part 2

Module 4 Part 2

Module 4 Part 3

Module 4 Part 3

Module 2 (Part 4)

Module 2 (Part 4)

Randome Questions

Randome Questions

Module 2 (Part 5)

Module 2 (Part 5)

Module 2 (Part 6)

Module 2 (Part 6)

Module 4 Part 1

Module 4 Part 1

BCS

BCS

Routes of Administration

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Routes of Administration

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics

Enzyme Inducers and Enzyme Inhibitors

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Enzyme Inducers and Enzyme Inhibitors

25問 • 1年前

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Metabolism and Excretion

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Metabolism and Excretion

PHARMACODYNAMICS

PHARMACODYNAMICS

Ramdom

Ramdom

A. Parasympathetic (Cholinergic) Drugs

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A. Parasympathetic (Cholinergic) Drugs

Module 1

Module 1

Module 1

Module 1

Module 2

Module 2

Module 3

Module 3

Module 2

Module 2

Module 3

Module 3

Module 3 Rationales

Module 3 Rationales

Module 3 Rationales

Module 3 Rationales

Terms

Terms

Excipients

Excipients

Module 5

Module 5

Flavors,Sweeteners, and Colors

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Flavors,Sweeteners, and Colors

Anti Glaucoma

Anti Glaucoma

B. Parasympathetic (Cholinergic) Blockers — Anti Cholinergic Agents

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B. Parasympathetic (Cholinergic) Blockers — Anti Cholinergic Agents

20問 • 1年前

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C. Sympathetic (Adrenergic) Drugs

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C. Sympathetic (Adrenergic) Drugs

80問 • 1年前

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D. Sympathetic (Adrenergic) BLOCKERS

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D. Sympathetic (Adrenergic) BLOCKERS

15問 • 1年前

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E. Nicotinic Receptor Blockers

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E. Nicotinic Receptor Blockers

30問 • 1年前

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F. Central Muscle Relaxants (or Spasmolytic agents)

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F. Central Muscle Relaxants (or Spasmolytic agents)

Rationale Quiz 1.0

Rationale Quiz 1.0

A. Anxiolytic Agents

A. Anxiolytic Agents

B.1 Drugs for Depression

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B.1 Drugs for Depression

29問 • 1年前

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B.2 Drugs for Mania / Bipolar Disorder

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B.2 Drugs for Mania / Bipolar Disorder

15問 • 1年前

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C. Drugs for Psychoses - Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics

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C. Drugs for Psychoses - Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics

44問 • 1年前

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D. Drugs for Seizure Disorders

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D. Drugs for Seizure Disorders

36問 • 1年前

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E. General Anesthetics

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E. General Anesthetics

32問 • 1年前

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G. Anti-Parkinson Drugs

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G. Anti-Parkinson Drugs

26問 • 1年前

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H. Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease

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H. Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease

Rationale Quiz 2

Rationale Quiz 2

1. Diuretics

1. Diuretics

2. Angiotensin Blockers

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2. Angiotensin Blockers

12問 • 1年前

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3 and 4. CCBs: Non-dihydropyridines and Vasodilators

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3 and 4. CCBs: Non-dihydropyridines and Vasodilators

Module 2

Module 2

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics

Drug Classes

Drug Classes

MOA

MOA

5. Sympatholytics

5. Sympatholytics

B. Drugs for Heart Failure

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B. Drugs for Heart Failure

6問 • 1年前

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C. Drugs for Arrhythmia

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C. Drugs for Arrhythmia

36問 • 1年前

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D. Drugs for Hyperlipidemia

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D. Drugs for Hyperlipidemia

E. Angina Pectoris

E. Angina Pectoris

F. Thrombotic Disorders

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F. Thrombotic Disorders

Antidotes

Antidotes

Deficiencies

Deficiencies

A. Growth Hormones

A. Growth Hormones

B. Adrenal Steroids

B. Adrenal Steroids

C. GnRH, FSH & LH & Sex Hormones

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C. GnRH, FSH & LH & Sex Hormones

D. Thyroid Hormones

D. Thyroid Hormones

E. Diabetes Mellitus

E. Diabetes Mellitus

F. Drugs for osteoporosis

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F. Drugs for osteoporosis

Rationale Quiz

Rationale Quiz

A. Asthma

A. Asthma

B. Allergic Rhinitis

B. Allergic Rhinitis

問題一覧

This Biopharmaceutics Classification System indicates that the drug has high solubility and high permeability.

Class I

In which situation will the drug be more absorbed: I. Highly Ionized II. Less Ionized III. Highly Polar IV. Less Polar

II, IV

Which of the following will enhance the excretion of an alkaline poison in the urine?

Urinary acidifier

Drug metabolism happens to convert the drug that is: I. more polar II. more non polar III. more lipid-soluble IV. more water-soluble

I & IV

What is the MOST important organ for the absorption of orally administered drugs?

Small Intestine

First order half-life equation:

0.693/k

What is the order of reaction in which the concentration of a drug is decreasing at a rate that is proportional to the concentration of the drug remaining

First

Which of the following drugs does not need to be subjected to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) I. Nifedipine II. Gentamicin III. Carbamazepine IV. Ibuprofen

I, IV

A drug with wide therapeutic index means that the

Drug is safe

Two drugs that act on the same tissue through independent receptors resulting to opposite effects.

Physiologic Antagonism

Partial Agonist

Alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein binds with I. Acidic Drugs II. Cationic Drugs III. Basic Drugs IV. Anionic Drugs

II, III

Which of the following factors can contribute to a longer duration of a drug? I. Decreased protein binding II. Greater tubular reabsorption III. Reduced polarity

II and III

Which of the following would be the implication if the drug has an increased clearance in a patient?

Higher dose is needed to achieve the target concentration.

It refers to the maximum drug concentration in the plasma:

Cmax

0.6 mL

How much of a 300mg dose is bioavailable if the administered drug has an absolute bioavailability of 0.60?

180mg

What is the route of administration of drugs injected to the spinal cord?

Intrathecal

Which of the following refers to a drug tolerance that developed quickly?

Tachyphylaxis

Drug X does not have antibacterial properties. When Drug X is given with Drug Y, Drug X increased the antibacterial property of Drug Y. This is an example of:

Potentiation

This is the one that affects the pharmacologic action of another drug:

Precipitant Drug

Simultaneous intake of a drug and ingestion of grapefruit can prolong the stay of the drug inside the body. Which of the following describes grapefruit?

Interactant

The primary receptor subtypes stimulated by Histamine are the following: I. Histamine I II. Histamine II III. NMDA receptor

I, II

Which of the following drugs acts as 5HT-ANTAGONIST.

Ondansetron

The following are classified as eicosanoids except: I. Histamine II. Prostaglandins III. Leukotrienes

The following are autacoids except:

Epinephrine

Amiodarone is used as an

Anti-arrhythmic drug

Identify the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that finds clinical application in the treatment of glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure:

Acetazolamide

Which does not belong to the group

Captopril

Which of the following drugs can be used as antiarrhythmic and antimalarial?

Quinidine

Increased intracranial pressure and intracranial edema brought about by accidents and trauma to the head can be managed by administration of which of the following?

Mannitol

DOC for acute VT

Adenosine

Which of the following drugs is a topoisomerase I inhibitor?

Irinotecan

Which of the following is classified as mitotic inhibitor

Vincristine

Chemotherapeutic drug derived from the periwinkle plant

Vinblastine

What is the mechanism of sulfonamides?

Inhibition of folic acid synthesis

Which of the following drugs are indicated to treat cancer?

Capecitabine

Which of the following drugs is known to cause chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity?

Methotrexate

Neuromuscular Blockers act mainly on this receptors

Nicotinic Receptors

Constriction of the arterioles is due to the stimulation of what receptor?

alpha-1

Clonidine acts selectively on what type of receptor?

alpha-2

Which of the following beta-2 agonist are short-acting agents? I. Albuterol II. Salmeterol III. Terbutaline IV. Formoterol

I, III

Mr. Green’s current blood pressure is 150/80 mmHg. Which of the following drugs will have least effect on Mr. Green’s blood pressure?

Albuterol

These drugs have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity EXCEPT:

Timolol

Which of the following beta blockers has/have been useful in chronic heart failure management?

AOTA

Which of the following drugs are most likely to produce a “First-dose phenomenon?”

Prazosin

The following are effects of Atropine except:

Dryness of the mouth

Which of the following agent is used for management of motion sickness?

Scopolamine

Which of the following is used in the DIAGNOSTIC test for myasthenia gravis?

Edrophonium

ODD ONE OUT:

Muscarine

Used in the management of malignant hyperthermia associated with Succinylcholine toxicity:

Dantrolene

What does ADHD stands for?

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Which of the following are inhaled anesthetics? I. Ketamine II. Propofol III. Thiopental IV. Sevoflurane

IV only

Which of the following anesthetic is associated with a dissociative state characterized by catatonia, amnesia, and analgesia with or without actual loss of consciousness?

Ketamine

Which of the following drug combinations provide a state called “neuroleptanesthesia”?

Nitrous oxide + Droperidol + Fentanyl

Imipramine has been found to be useful in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis (bed wetting). This effect is due to?

Anticholinergic effect

I and IV

Which of the following is the drug of choice for absence seizure?

Ethosuximide

All of the following are under muscle relaxant classification except:

Pregabalin

Most of the drugs used in Alzheimer’s disease are designed to produce ____ effects.

Cholinergic

Which element is used in the treatment of bipolar disorder?

Lithium

Which of the following group of drugs are known to cause extrapyramidal symptoms?

Anti-psychotics

Fluoxetine is a/an

SSRI

This drug is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA):

Imipramine

The most common adverse effects of this drug are dose-dependent visual disturbances, including decreased visual acuity, red-green color blindness and optic neuritis.

Ethambutol

Mechanism of action of Ethambutol

Inhibits arabinosyltransferases involved in the synthesis of arabinogalactan

III

The only insulin that can be given via IV route:

Regular Insulin

Which of the following oral hypoglycemic drug is associated with lactic acidosis?

Metformin

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are drugs that are used to treat:

Type 2 Diabetes

Which of the following drugs promotes the release of endogenous insulin:

Glipizide

Which of the following is a synthetic analog of the human amylin that reduces postprandial glucagon secretion?

Pramlintide

This type of diabetic condition does not produce insulin thus primary treatment is exogenous insulin

IDDM

Type of Diabetes with absolute absence of insulin:

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Which of the following is a selective estrogen receptor modulator used in the management of osteoporosis?

Raloxifene

All of the following are used in management of osteoporosis except: I. Alendronate III.Raloxifene II. Denosumab IV. Sevelamer

IV only

Which of the following are inhaled corticosteroids? I. Fluticasone II. Budesonide III. Dexamethasone IV. Prednisone

I & II

Which of the following would inhibit the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- coenzyme A reductase?

Atorvastatin

Which of the following statements best describe Niacin?

Has an adverse reaction of cutaneous vasodilation which results to flushing

Which is the mechanism of action of aspirin in exerting its analgesic and anti- inflammatory effect?

irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme.

Aspirin chemically is a/an:

Salicylate derivative

Which of the following NSAIDS have the SHORTEST half-life?

Ibuprofen

Which of the following is not an effect of NSAID?

Increased platelet aggregation

First-line drug used in management of RA:

Methotrexate

This adverse effect was the reason of the withdrawal from the market of Rofecoxib:

Increased cardiovascular events

Which is an antitussive drug?

Dextrometorphan

This agent can cause Churg-Strauss Syndrome:

Montelukast

Which among these drugs is classified as bulk-forming laxative?

Psyllium

A Polyene antibiotic:

Amphotericin B

Fluimucil

Benzodiazepine toxicity is managed with:

Flumazenil

This drug is used in patients with chronic alcoholism. It works by blocking the enzyme ALDEHYDE dehydrogenase:

Disulfiram

Ethanol may be used to manage poisoning due to

Methanol

Which of the following explains the mechanism of toxicity of paraquat and diquat?

Inhibition of superoxide dismutase

Which of the following is depleted when there is paracetamol overdose that causes its toxicity?

Glutathione

In the management of the patient, which would be the following reason why activated charcoal was given?

Prevents further absorption of paracetamol.

Wilson’s disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by failure to export which of the following metal?

Copper

Calculate the Sodium content of D5W

100

Identify the use of Potassium Diformate in Veterinary Medicine

Strong antimicrobial